《素问·病能论》帝曰∶人病胃脘痈者，诊当何如？岐伯曰∶诊此者，当候胃脉。其脉当沉细，沉细者气
逆，逆者人迎甚盛，甚盛则热，人迎者，胃脉也，逆而盛，则热聚于胃口而不行，故胃脘为痈也。
此言胃脉沉细者，右关之脉也。两手之脉名寸口而主阴，以其气出于脏也；人迎者，结喉两旁胃经之动脉
也，主阳，以其气出于腑也。右关沉细者，胃中阴血瘀结，遏其脏气也，阴血瘀结，与阳相格，而阳气逆甚，
故人迎脉盛而热聚胃口，血结成痈。成痈必有胀痛之证，热聚必有燥渴之证，而右关之脉反沉细似虚，故必诊
人迎，方知其阳逆热聚而成痈也。
《灵枢·邪气脏腑病形篇》曰∶心脉微缓为伏梁，在心下，上下行，时唾血；肺脉滑甚为息贲，上气；
肝脉微急为肥气，在胁下，若覆杯；肾脉微急为沉厥奔豚，足不收，不得前后。
此明脏积而缺脾脏，或有脱简也。脉象模糊无力名微，言微缓、微急等者，以营血瘀积，气不得达也；滑
甚者，以肺主气，血结而气逆动也，故曰上气，名息贲，即喘息也；胁下肝经所行之部也；沉厥者，其气沉伏
而厥逆，故突然自下上冲，乃名奔豚；足不收者，足少阴经脉强急，足不能曲也；二便为肾之门户，肾积气闭，
故不得前后便也。《难经》言五脏之积∶肝曰肥气，心曰伏梁，脾曰痞气，肺曰息贲，肾曰奔豚。谓在脏名积，
止而不移；在腑名聚，消长不常。其所论皆发明《灵》、《素》未发之义，当体究之。后贤因而制五积丸诸法，
亦甚善也。
《素问·病能论》中，黄帝问道：人患胃脘痈（胃部发生的痈肿）时，诊察应当如何进行？岐伯回答说：诊察这种病证，应当观察胃脉。其脉象应当表现为沉细，脉象沉细说明气机逆乱，气机逆乱则人迎脉（位于颈部结喉两侧足阳明胃经的动脉，主阳）非常盛大，人迎脉盛大则表明有热邪，人迎脉属于胃脉，气机逆乱且盛大，则热邪聚集在胃口处而不能运行，所以导致胃脘形成痈肿。这里所说的胃脉沉细，指的是右手关部（右关，对应脾胃）的脉象。两手寸口脉（手腕桡动脉搏动处，主阴）之所以称为寸口并主阴，是因为其气来源于脏；而人迎脉位于结喉两旁胃经的动脉处，主阳，是因为其气来源于腑。右关脉象沉细，代表胃中的阴血瘀结，遏制了脏气；阴血瘀结与阳气相互格拒，导致阳气逆乱严重，因此人迎脉盛大且热邪聚集在胃口，血液凝结形成痈肿。形成痈肿必然伴有胀痛的症状，热邪聚集必然伴有燥渴的症状，而右关脉象反而沉细看似虚弱，所以必须诊察人迎脉，才能知道是阳气逆乱、热邪聚集而形成了痈肿。
《灵枢·邪气脏腑病形篇》说：心脉微缓（脉象模糊无力且稍慢）为伏梁（一种积块病），位置在心下，上下移动，时常咳唾带血；肺脉滑甚（脉象流利且盛大）为息贲（一种气喘病），表现为上气喘息；肝脉微急（脉象模糊无力且稍紧）为肥气（一种胁下积块病），位置在胁下，形状像倒扣的杯子；肾脉微急为沉厥奔豚（一种气从少腹上冲心胸的病证），表现为足部不能收持行走，大小便不通。
这里阐明了五脏积病却缺少脾脏的记载，可能是有竹简脱落遗漏。脉象模糊无力称为“微”，提到微缓、微急等，是因为营血瘀积，气机不能通达；滑脉盛大，是因为肺主气，血结导致气逆而动，所以称为上气，名为息贲，即喘息的意思；胁下是肝经所运行的部位；沉厥是指气机沉伏而厥逆，所以突然从下向上冲逆，因此名为奔豚；足不收持，是因为足少阴经脉强急，足部不能弯曲；二便（大小便）是肾的门户，肾积气闭，所以大小便不通。《难经》论述五脏之积：肝称为肥气，心称为伏梁，脾称为痞气，肺称为息贲，肾称为奔豚。谓病在脏称为积，停止而不移动；在腑称为聚，消长无常。其所论述的都是阐明《灵枢》和《素问》未曾发挥的含义，应当深入体察研究。后世贤人因此制定了五积丸等方法，也是非常好的。
In the *Suwen* (Basic Questions), Chapter "Bing Neng Lun" (Discussion on Disease Capabilities), the Yellow Emperor asked: When a person suffers from Wei Wan Yong (epigastric abscess), how should the diagnosis be conducted? Qibo replied: To diagnose this condition, one must observe the Stomach pulse. The pulse should appear deep and fine (Chen Xi). A deep and fine pulse indicates rebellious Qi. Rebellious Qi causes the Renying pulse (Renying acupoint/artery, located on both sides of the larynx, belonging to the Stomach meridian, governing Yang) to be very full. A very full pulse indicates heat. The Renying pulse belongs to the Stomach meridian; when Qi is rebellious and full, heat gathers at the stomach opening and fails to circulate, thus causing an abscess in the epigastrium. The mention here of the Stomach pulse being deep and fine refers to the Right Guan position (Right Guan, corresponding to the Spleen and Stomach). The Cun Kou pulses (Cun Kou, the radial artery pulse at the wrist) of both hands are named Cun Kou and govern Yin because their Qi originates from the Zang organs; whereas the Renying pulse is located at the arterial movement on both sides of the larynx along the Stomach meridian and governs Yang because its Qi originates from the Fu organs. A deep and fine pulse at the Right Guan indicates that Yin blood in the Stomach is stagnant and knotted, obstructing the Qi of the Zang organs. This stagnation and knotting of Yin blood repels Yang, causing severe rebellion of Yang Qi. Therefore, the Renying pulse is full, and heat gathers at the stomach opening, with blood coagulating to form an abscess. The formation of an abscess necessarily involves symptoms of distension and pain; the gathering of heat necessarily involves symptoms of dryness and thirst. However, since the Right Guan pulse appears deep and fine, resembling deficiency, one must examine the Renying pulse to understand that it is the rebellion of Yang Qi and the gathering of heat that have formed the abscess.
The *Lingshu* (Spiritual Pivot), Chapter "Xieqi Zangfu Binxing Pian" (Chapter on Pathogenic Factors, Zang-Fu Diseases, and Pulse Manifestations), states: A slightly slow (Wei Huan) Heart pulse indicates Fu Liang (a fixed mass disease); it is located below the heart, moves up and down, and is accompanied by occasional hemoptysis. A very slippery (Hua Shen) Lung pulse indicates Xi Ben (a wheezing disease); it presents with upward rushing Qi. A slightly tense (Wei Ji) Liver pulse indicates Fei Qi (a hypochondriac mass disease); it is located under the hypochondrium, resembling an inverted cup. A slightly tense (Wei Ji) Kidney pulse indicates Chen Jue Ben Tun (a condition where Qi rushes upward from the lower abdomen); it presents with inability to hold the feet upright and inability to pass urine or stool.
This passage clarifies the five Zang accumulations but omits the Spleen, suggesting there may be missing bamboo slips. A pulse that is indistinct and weak is termed "Wei" (slight/subtle). Mentions of Wei Huan (slightly slow) or Wei Ji (slightly tense) indicate that Ying blood is stagnant and accumulated, preventing Qi from reaching. A very slippery pulse occurs because the Lung governs Qi; blood coagulation causes Qi to rebel and move, hence it is called Shang Qi (upward rushing Qi) and named Xi Ben, which means wheezing. The hypochondrium is the region traversed by the Liver meridian. Chen Jue refers to Qi sinking and伏 (lying hidden) leading to Jue Ni (cold extremities/rebellion); thus, it suddenly rushes upward from below, hence named Ben Tun (running piglet). Inability to hold the feet upright occurs because the Foot Shaoyin meridian is stiff and tense, preventing flexion of the foot. Urination and defecation are the gates of the Kidney; due to Kidney accumulation and Qi closure, urination and defecation are obstructed. The *Nanjing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) discusses the five Zang accumulations: the Liver is called Fei Qi, the Heart is called Fu Liang, the Spleen is called Pi Qi, the Lung is called Xi Ben, and the Kidney is called Ben Tun. It states that disease in the Zang is called Ji (accumulation), which is stationary and does not move; disease in the Fu is called Ju (collection), which fluctuates in size. Their discussions elucidate meanings not fully expounded in the *Lingshu* and *Suwen*, and these should be thoroughly investigated. Later scholars, following this, formulated methods such as Wu Ji Wan (Five Accumulations Pill), which is also very beneficial.