良方治疫毒痢败毒散多加人参甘草陈皮姜枣煎服
按此方详见论中
严氏茜根丸治一切毒痢及蛊注利血下如鸡肝心烦腹痛
茜根(洗) 川升麻 犀角 地榆 当归 黄连 枳壳 白芍
上等分为末醋煮米糊为丸如桐子大每服七十丸空心米饮下
按此方消化死血解饮食毒之药
百一选方治噤口痢
石莲去壳留心并肉碾为细末每二钱陈皮饮调下此是毒瓦斯上冲心肺借此以通心气便觉思食
澹寮方治噤口痢毒瓦斯上冲心肺者
败毒散(四钱) 陈仓米(一百粒) 姜三片枣一枚煎
上方治脾胃虚弱噤口痢用山药一味锉如小豆大一半银器内炒熟一半生用同为末米饮调下
按禁口痢古人论之者少故留此三方以备忽然石莲之通心气败毒散散表邪山药之补脾胃果
能开胃口而进食乎
导气汤治下痢脓血里急后重腹疼作渴日夜无度
黄连 黄芩 大黄 白芍 当归 木香 槟榔
上 咀水煎
此方即前芍药汤加减桂甘草二味今人多如此用故收入
内经云脉细皮寒少气泄利前后饮食不入是谓五虚死其浆粥入胃泄注止则虚者活
脉经云泄注脉缓时小结者生浮大数者死又洞泄食不化不得留下脓血脉微小连者生紧急者
死
脉诀云下利微小即为生脉大浮洪无瘥日
病机机要云脏腑泻利其证多种大抵从风湿热论是知寒少热多寒则不能久也故曰暴泻非阳
久泻
非阴大便完谷下有寒有热热者脉疾身多动音声响亮暴注下迫此阳也寒者脉沉而细身不动作目
睛不了了饮食不下鼻准气息者姜附汤主之若身重四肢不举术附汤主之
按此以泻之久暴分阴阳正如伤寒之病始为寒而终则传变而为热也然亦必以脉证参订焉
原病式曰泻白为寒青黄红赤黑皆以为热也大抵泻利小便清白不洽为寒赤色者为热又完谷
不化
而色不变其利脾气虚弱畏冷小便清白不涩身凉不渴脉迟细而微者寒也谷虽不化而色变非白烦
渴小便赤涩者热证也凡谷消化无问色及他证便为热也寒泄而谷消化者未之有也或火性急速传
化失常谷虽不化而飧泄者亦有之矣仲景云邪热不杀谷然热得湿则飧泄也
良方记载的治疫毒痢败毒散，多加人参、甘草、陈皮，加生姜、大枣煎服。
按：此方详见于本论之中。
严氏茜根丸治疗一切毒痢及蛊注（一种寄生虫病），症见下利如鸡肝状、心烦、腹痛。
药材：茜根（洗净）、川升麻、犀角、地榆、当归、黄连、枳壳、白芍。
以上药物等分为末，用醋煮米糊为丸，如梧桐子大。每次服用七十丸，空腹时以米饮送下。
按：此方能消化死血，解除饮食之毒。
百一选方治疗噤口痢（指痢疾患者不能进食者）。
石莲去壳留心和肉，碾为细末。每次取二钱，用陈皮汤调服。这是利用石莲通心气，以应对毒瓦斯上冲心肺的情况，便觉得想进食了。
澹寮方治疗因毒瓦斯上冲心肺导致的噤口痢。
败毒散（四钱）、陈仓米（一百粒）、姜三片、枣一枚，煎服。
上方用于治疗脾胃虚弱型的噤口痢，单用一味山药，锉如小豆大小，一半在银器内炒熟，一半生用，同为末，米饮调服。
按：关于禁口痢，古人论述较少，故保留这三方以备不时之需。石莲能通心气，败毒散能散表邪，山药能补脾胃，果真能开胃进食吗？
导气汤治疗下痢脓血、里急后重、腹痛、作渴、日夜无度。
药材：黄连、黄芩、大黄、白芍、当归、木香、槟榔。
以上药物切碎，水煎服。
此方即前文提到的芍药汤加减，去掉了桂枝、甘草两味药，今人多如此使用，故收入此处。
《内经》说：脉象细弱、皮肤寒冷、少气、泄利前后（大小便失禁）、饮食不入，这称为五虚，主死证；如果浆粥进入胃中，泄泻停止，则虚证可活。
《脉经》说：泄泻注下的脉象，若缓而时有小结者，主生；若浮大数者，主死。又洞泄（完谷不化）、食物不消化、不得留住、下脓血，脉微小连续者主生，脉紧急者主死。
《原病式》说：泻下白色为寒，青色、黄色、红色、黑色皆视为热。大致而言，泻利且小便清白不涩的为寒，赤色的为热。又有完谷不化而颜色不变的，属脾气虚弱，畏冷，小便清白不涩，身凉不渴，脉迟细而微，此为寒证。谷物虽不化但颜色改变，烦渴，小便赤涩，此为热证。凡是谷物消化，无论颜色及其他症状，都视为热证。寒性泄泻而谷物消化的，从未有过。或者火性急速，传化失常，谷物虽不化而呈飧泄（完谷不化）者，也有这种情况。张仲景说：邪热不杀谷，然而热得湿则成飧泄。
The *Liangfang* records the *Baidu San* (Decoction to Resolve Toxins) for treating epidemic toxic dysentery, with added Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), decocted with Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao).
Note: This formula is detailed in the discussion within this treatise.
Yan's *Qian Gen Wan* (Madder Pill) treats all types of toxic dysentery and *Gu Zhu* (a parasitic disease characterized by bloody diarrhea), presenting with stools resembling chicken liver, irritability, and abdominal pain.
Herbs: Qian Gen (Radix Rubiae, washed), Chuan Sheng Ma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Xi Jiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis), Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba).
Grind the above herbs into powder equally, mix with vinegar-boiled rice paste to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 70 pills per dose, on an empty stomach, washed down with rice drink.
Note: This formula resolves blood stasis and detoxifies food poisoning.
*Bai Yi Xuan Fang* treats *Jinkou Li* (dysentery with inability to eat).
Remove the shell from Lotus Seed Plumule (Shi Lian), keeping the heart and flesh, grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with Tangerine Peel Decoction (Chenpi Yin). This utilizes Shi Lian to unblock Heart Qi, addressing the upward rush of toxic vapors to the Heart and Lung, thereby restoring appetite.
*Daniao Fang* treats *Jinkou Li* caused by the upward rush of toxic vapors to the Heart and Lung.
*Baidu San* (4 qian), Chen Cang Mi (aged rice, 100 grains), Shengjiang (3 slices), Dazao (1 piece), decocted and taken.
The above formula treats *Jinkou Li* due to Spleen and Stomach deficiency. Use a single herb, Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Shan Yao), cut into pieces the size of soybeans. Half is stir-fried until cooked in a silver vessel, half is used raw. Grind together into powder and take with rice drink.
Note: Ancient physicians discussed *Jinkou Li* rarely, so these three formulas are retained for sudden occurrences. Shi Lian unblocks Heart Qi, *Baidu San* disperses exterior pathogens, and Shan Yao tonifies Spleen and Stomach; can they truly open the appetite and promote eating?
*Dao Qi Tang* treats dysentery with pus and blood, tenesmus, abdominal pain, thirst, and frequent defecation day and night.
Herbs: Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Bing Lang (Arecae Semen).
Cut the above herbs, decoct in water, and take.
This formula is a modification of the previously mentioned *Shaoyao Tang*, removing Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao). It is commonly used in this manner today, hence included here.
The *Neijing* states: If the pulse is thin, skin is cold, there is shortness of breath, diarrhea and incontinence of both urine and feces, and inability to ingest food, this is called "Five Deficiencies" and indicates death. However, if gruel enters the stomach and diarrhea stops, the deficient condition can recover.
The *Mai Jing* states: In cases of profuse diarrhea, if the pulse is slow with occasional small knots, it indicates survival; if floating, large, and rapid, it indicates death. Furthermore, in *Dong Xie* (scanty stool with undigested food), indigestion, retention difficulty, and passage of pus and blood, a continuous minute and small pulse indicates survival, while a tight pulse indicates death.
The *Mai Jue* states: In diarrhea, a minute and small pulse indicates survival; a large, floating, and surging pulse indicates no days of recovery.
The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: White discharge in diarrhea indicates Cold; green, yellow, red, and black indicate Heat. Generally, diarrhea with clear, white, non-acrid urine indicates Cold; reddish discharge indicates Heat. Undigested food with unchanged color indicates Spleen Qi deficiency, accompanied by aversion to cold, clear non-acrid urine, cool body without thirst, and a slow, thin, and minute pulse—this is Cold. Although food is undigested, if the color changes, accompanied by irritability, thirst, and red acrid urine, this is Heat. Whenever food is digested, regardless of color or other symptoms, it is considered Heat. There has never been a case where Cold diarrhea results in digested food. However, due to the rapid nature of Fire, if transmission and transformation are abnormal, undigested food may present as *Sun Xie* (undigested stool); this also occurs. Zhang Zhongjing stated: Pathogenic heat does not digest food, but when Heat combines with Dampness, it causes *Sun Xie*.