宝鉴云小儿雀目夜不见物灸手大指甲后一寸内 横大头白肉际灸一炷如小麦大
小儿疳眼灸合谷二穴各一壮炷如小麦大在手大指次指两骨间陷者中
按灸法详见资生等经兹不备录
东垣曰夫齿者肾之标口者脾之窍诸经多有会于口者其牙齿是也手足阳明之所过上龈隶于
坤土
乃足阳明胃之脉贯络也止而不动下龈嚼物动而不休手阳明大肠之脉所贯络也手阳明恶寒饮而
喜热足阳明喜寒饮而恶热其病不一牙者肾之标亦喜寒寒者坚牢为病不同热甚则齿动龈断袒脱
作痛不已故所治疗不同也有恶寒作痛者有恶热而作痛者有恶寒又恶热而作痛者有恶寒饮少热饮
多而作痛者有恶热饮少寒饮多而作痛者有牙齿动摇而作痛者有齿袒而为痛者有齿龈为疳所蚀
缺少血出为痛者有齿龈肿起为痛者有脾胃中有风邪但觉风而作痛者又有牙上多为虫所蚀其齿
缺少而色变为虫牙痛者有胃中气少不能于寒袒露其齿作痛者有牙齿疼痛而秽臭之气不可近者
痛既不一岂可一药而尽之哉
按此论齿恶寒热等作痛本手足阳明动摇龈脱本足少阴故此三经所主为多然齿袒虫疳湿热
龈肿
血出作痛痛而秽臭者皆胃热火盛所致亦有诸经错杂之邪与夫外因者故以上病机现证甚详学人
宜究其机而处治焉
陈无择云齿为关门肾之荣骨之余也肾衰则齿豁精固则齿坚又大肠支脉在牙龈主灌注于牙
大肠壅则齿为之浮大肠虚则齿露挟风则攻目头面疳 则龋脱为痔皆气郁而生诸证不同治之
谨按头面外冒风寒或口吸寒冷致牙痛者皆外因也实热或阴虚火动骨蒸所致气郁血热虫疰
皆内
因也硬物所支打击等致皆不内外所因也故诸证不同治之陈止言经病而不具三因者恐傅梓时脱
简尔
《卫生宝鉴》记载：治疗小儿雀目（夜间视力障碍），在双手大指甲后方一寸处，横着的大拇指白色肉质边缘，施灸一炷，大小如小麦粒。
治疗小儿疳眼（因营养不良或寄生虫引起的眼部病变），取合谷穴两个，各灸一壮，艾炷大小如小麦粒。穴位位于手大拇指与食指两骨之间的凹陷处。
关于灸法的具体细节，详见《资生经》等书籍，此处不再赘录。
李东垣说：牙齿是肾的外候，口是脾的孔窍，许多经络都汇聚于口，其中就包括牙齿。手阳明和足阳明的经脉经过上牙龈，归属于坤土，即足阳明胃经的脉气贯穿联络于此，静止不动；下牙龈咀嚼食物时运动不止，由手阳明大肠经的脉气贯穿联络。手阳明大肠经厌恶寒冷饮食而喜欢温热，足阳明胃经则喜欢寒冷饮食而厌恶温热。它们的病症各不相同。牙齿是肾的外候，也喜好寒冷，因为寒冷能使牙齿坚固。如果发生病变，情况不同于热证。热邪严重时会导致牙齿松动、牙龈断裂脱落，疼痛不止，因此治疗方法也不同。有的患者恶寒而疼痛，有的恶热而疼痛，有的既恶寒又恶热而疼痛，有的恶寒且喜少量热饮多饮而疼痛，有的恶热且喜少量寒饮多饮而疼痛，有的牙齿动摇而疼痛，有的牙龈萎缩而疼痛，有的牙龈被疳虫侵蚀导致缺损出血而疼痛，有的牙龈肿胀而疼痛，有的脾胃中有风邪，仅感觉有风侵袭而疼痛，又有牙齿多被虫蚀导致缺损变色，这是虫牙痛，有的胃中气虚不能抵御寒冷暴露牙齿而疼痛，有的牙齿疼痛且伴有不可接近的秽臭气味。疼痛既然如此多样，岂能用一种药物来治愈呢？
按语：此论述指出牙齿恶寒热作痛主要与手足阳明经有关，牙齿动摇、牙龈脱落主要与足少阴肾经有关，因此这三条经络所主的病症最多。然而，牙龈萎缩、虫蚀、湿热、牙龈肿胀、出血作痛以及疼痛伴有秽臭者，都是由于胃火炽盛所致。也有各种经络错杂的邪气以及外因导致的，所以上述病机和症状表现非常详细，学习者应当探究其机理并据此进行治疗。
陈无择说：牙齿如同门户的关锁，是肾的荣华，骨骼的余气。肾衰则牙齿稀疏，精气固守则牙齿坚硬。另外，大肠的支脉在牙龈，主要负责向牙齿灌注营养。大肠壅滞则牙齿浮动，大肠虚弱则牙齿外露，挟带风邪则攻冲眼睛，头面部患疳疾则导致龋齿脱落形成痔疮，这些都是气机郁结而生发的各种证候，各不相同，治疗时需谨慎辨别。
谨按：头面部外感风寒，或口部吸入寒冷之气导致牙痛的，都属于外因。实热证或阴虚火动、骨蒸劳热所致的，气郁血热、虫蛀等导致的，都属于内因。被硬物支撑、打击等外力导致的，属于不内外因。因此各种证候不同，治疗方法也不同。陈无择只提到了经络病变而没有详尽列出三因分类，恐怕是在传抄刻印时脱漏了简牍内容吧。
*Weisheng Baojian* records: To treat pediatric nocturnal blindness (night blindness), moxibustion is applied at a point one cun posterior to the nail of the thumb, on the transverse white fleshy margin. One moxa cone, sized like a wheat grain, is used.
To treat pediatric gan eye disease (ocular lesions caused by malnutrition or parasites), two points of Hegu (LI4) are selected for moxibustion, one Zhu (moxa cone) per point. The moxa cone should be sized like a wheat grain. The acupoint is located in the depression between the first and second metacarpal bones of the hand.
For detailed moxibustion methods, please refer to *Zisheng Jing* and other classics; they are not reproduced here.
Li Dongyuan stated: Teeth are the external manifestation of the Kidney, and the mouth is the orifice of the Spleen. Many meridians converge at the mouth, including those associated with the teeth. The Hand-Yangming and Foot-Yangming meridians pass through the upper gingiva, which belongs to Kun Earth, specifically linked to the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, which penetrates and connects here, remaining relatively static. The lower gingiva moves continuously during mastication, connected by the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian dislikes cold drinks and prefers heat, whereas the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian prefers cold drinks and dislikes heat. Their pathologies differ. Teeth are the external manifestation of the Kidney and also favor cold, as coldness ensures firmness. Pathological conditions differ from heat patterns. When heat is severe, it causes tooth mobility, gingival rupture and detachment, and unceasing pain; thus, treatments vary. Some patients experience pain due to aversion to cold, some due to aversion to heat, some due to both, some due to aversion to cold but preference for small amounts of hot drinks and large amounts of warm drinks causing pain, some due to aversion to heat but preference for small amounts of cold drinks and large amounts of cold drinks causing pain, some due to tooth mobility causing pain, some due to gingival recession causing pain, some due to gingival erosion by gan worms leading to defects, bleeding, and pain, some due to gingival swelling causing pain, some due to wind pathogens in the Spleen and Stomach causing pain upon feeling wind, some due to teeth being eroded by worms leading to defects and discoloration (worm toothache), some due to deficient Stomach Qi failing to resist cold exposure causing pain, and some due to toothache accompanied by foul odor that is unbearable. Since pains are so diverse, how can one medicine cure them all?
Note: This discussion indicates that tooth pain due to aversion to cold or heat primarily relates to the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians, while tooth mobility and gingival detachment primarily relate to the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian; hence, these three meridians account for most cases. However, gingival recession, worm erosion, damp-heat, gingival swelling, bleeding pain, and painful foul odor are all caused by excessive Stomach fire. There are also mixed pathogens from various meridians and external factors. Therefore, the above pathogenesis and symptoms are described in detail. Students should investigate the mechanisms and treat accordingly.
Chen Wuyue stated: Teeth act as the gate of the mouth, reflecting the prosperity of the Kidney, and are the surplus of bone essence. When Kidney essence declines, teeth become loose; when essence is solid, teeth are firm. Additionally, collateral branches of the Large Intestine reside in the gingiva, mainly responsible for nourishing the teeth. When the Large Intestine is obstructed, teeth float; when deficient, teeth expose. If complicated by wind, it attacks the eyes; if gan disease affects the head and face, it leads to caries and tooth loss, potentially forming hemorrhoids. These are all manifestations arising from Qi stagnation, varying in presentation and requiring careful differentiation in treatment.
Carefully noted: Toothache caused by external invasion of wind-cold on the head and face, or inhalation of cold air through the mouth, belongs to external causes. Those caused by excess heat, Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity, bone-steaming consumption, Qi stagnation, blood heat, or worm infestation belong to internal causes. Those caused by physical support, trauma, or striking belong to neither-internal-nor-external causes. Thus, different syndromes require different treatments. Chen Wuyue only mentioned meridian diseases without detailing the Three Causes classification; this was likely omitted during the copying or printing process.