蜜导法 用白蜜四两，火上煎熬四五沸，其色黄，取出干磁盆内待其凝，急分
四分，每分手搓作枣子形状，长一寸，其蜜导头须要光滑，恐伤肛门，用油润之，徐
徐塞入，少顷再加一条，旋增以去后为度。
胆导法 用猪胆一枚，胆口中放鹅毛管一根扎紧，以一头鹅毛管，插入肛门，逞
势一捻，其胆汁冲入肛门，大便即行矣。
又方 生药何首乌四两，石臼捣碎，冲滚汤绞汁，隔汤炖热，顿服即通。
治五六十日大便秘结不通 用鲜芦根一箩，捣汁澄清，煨多年老鸭，吃汤即解。
窦汉卿曰∶夫疮疡小便淋漓，或茎中涩者，肾经亏损之恶证也。宜用加减六味
丸以补阴。足胫逆冷者，宜用八味丸以补阳。若小便频而黄者，宜用四物汤加参、术、
麦冬、五味，以滋肺肾。若小便短而少者，宜用补中益气加山药、麦冬、五味，以补
脾肺。若热结膀胱而不利者，宜用五淋散以清热。若脾气燥而不能化者，宜用黄芩
清肺饮以滋阴。若膀胱阳虚、阴无以化者，宜用滋肾丸。肾虚之患，多传此证，非滋
化源不救。若用黄柏、知母，反泻其阳，以速其危。若老人阳痿思色，元精内败，茎
中作痛而不利者，用加减八味丸加车前、牛膝。不应，更加附子，多有复生者。若精
已竭，而复耗之，大小便中牵痛，愈痛则愈便，愈便则愈牵痛，以前药加附子，亦
有复生者。王太仆云∶无阴则阳无以化，无阳则阴无以生，当滋其化源，苟专用淡渗，
复损真阴，乃速其危也。
张景岳曰∶伤寒而小水利者，以太阳之气未剧，即吉兆也。
又曰∶凡小便，人但见其黄，便谓是火，而不知人逢劳倦，小水即黄；焦思多
虑，小水亦黄；泻痢无期，小水亦黄；酒色伤阴，小水亦黄。但非有或淋或痛，热
证相兼，不可因黄便谓之火，余见逼枯汁而毙人者多矣。经曰∶中气不足，溲便为
之变。义可知也。若小水清利者，知里邪之未甚，而病亦不在气分，以津液由于气
化，气病则小水不利也，小水渐利，则气
化可知，最为吉兆。
蜜导法：取白蜜四两，在火上熬煮至沸腾四五次，待其颜色变黄后，取出放入干燥的瓷盆中等待凝固。迅速将其分成四份，每份用手搓成枣子形状，长度约一寸。蜜导的前端必须光滑，以防损伤肛门，并用油润滑，然后慢慢塞入。过一会儿再塞入一条，逐渐增加数量，直到大便排出为止。
胆导法：取一个猪胆，在胆口处插入一根鹅毛管并扎紧，将鹅毛管的一端插入肛门，顺势用力一捻，胆汁冲入肛门，大便随即排出。
又一方：取生何首乌四两，用石臼捣碎，冲入滚开的热水中绞取汁液，隔水炖热后一次性服下，大便即可通畅。
治疗五六十天大便秘结不通：用一箩筐鲜芦根，捣烂取汁并澄清，煨熟多年的老鸭，喝汤即可通便。
窦汉卿说：疮疡患者出现小便淋漓不尽，或尿道涩痛，这是肾经亏损的危重证候。适宜使用加减六味丸来补益阴精。若伴有足胫逆冷，适宜使用八味丸来补益阳气。如果小便频数且色黄，适宜使用四物汤加入人参、白术、麦冬、五味子，以滋养肺肾。如果小便短少，适宜使用补中益气汤加入山药、麦冬、五味子，以补益脾肺。若是热邪结聚膀胱导致排尿不利，适宜使用五淋散以清热利湿。若是脾气燥热而不能运化水湿，适宜使用黄芩清肺饮以滋阴清热。若是膀胱阳气虚弱、阴液无法气化，适宜使用滋肾丸。肾虚引起的疾病，多会传变为这种证候，若不滋生化之源则无法救治。如果使用黄柏、知母，反而会泻损阳气，加速病情恶化。若是老年人阳痿而贪恋女色，导致元精在内败坏，尿道疼痛且排尿不利，可使用加减八味丸加入车前子、牛膝。若无效，再加附子，多有起死回生的案例。若是精气已竭，又进一步耗损，大小便时牵拉疼痛，越痛越想排便，越排便越感到牵拉疼痛，此时在前药基础上加附子，也有起死回生的案例。王太仆说：没有阴，阳就无法气化；没有阳，阴就无法生成，应当滋生化之源，如果专用淡渗利湿之药，又会损伤真阴，从而加速危险。
张景岳说：伤寒病中，如果小便通利，说明太阳经的气机尚未严重受损，这是吉兆。
他又说：凡是小便，人们只看到颜色黄，就认为是火证，却不知道人遇到劳累疲倦时，小便就会发黄；思虑过度焦躁时，小便也会发黄；长期腹泻痢疾时，小便也会发黄；酒色伤阴时，小便也会发黄。只要没有伴随淋沥或疼痛的热证，就不能因为小便黄就断定是火证，我见过因误判而逼迫枯涸之津液致人死亡的情况很多。《内经》说：中气不足，大小二便就会发生异常。其中的道理可以推知。如果小便清澈通利，说明体内的邪气不严重，且病不在气分，因为津液的生成依赖于气化，气机生病则小便不利，小便逐渐通利，说明气化功能恢复，这是最好的吉兆。
Mi Dao Fa (Honey Suppository Method): Take four taels of white honey, boil it over fire for four or five boils until its color turns yellow. Remove it and place it in a dry porcelain basin to wait for it to solidify. Quickly divide it into four parts. For each part, roll it by hand into the shape of a jujube, about one cun in length. The head of the honey suppository must be smooth to avoid injuring the anus; lubricate it with oil, then slowly insert it. After a short while, insert another one, gradually increasing the number until defecation occurs.
Dan Dao Fa (Gallbladder Suppository Method): Take one pig gallbladder. Insert a goose feather tube into the neck of the gallbladder and tie it tightly. Insert one end of the goose feather tube into the anus. With a forceful twist, the bile will rush into the anus, and stool will pass immediately.
Another Prescription: Take four taels of raw Polygonum multiflorum (He Shou Wu). Crush it in a stone mortar, pour boiling water over it, squeeze out the juice, heat it by steaming in hot water, and take it all at once. Stool will become unobstructed.
For treating severe constipation lasting fifty to sixty days: Use one basket of fresh Reed Rhizome (Lu Gen), crush it to extract the juice, clarify it, stew an old duck that has been kept for many years, and drink the soup to relieve constipation.
Dou Hanqing said: In patients with sores and ulcers, if there is dribbling urination or涩 pain (astringent pain) in the urethra, this is a malignant syndrome indicating deficiency of the Kidney Meridian. It is appropriate to use Jiajian Liuwei Wan (Modified Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) to tonify Yin. If accompanied by cold reversal in the lower legs and shins, it is appropriate to use Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) to tonify Yang. If urination is frequent and yellow, it is appropriate to use Siwu Tang (Four-Substance Decoction) added with Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), and Schisandra Fruit (Wuweizi) to nourish the Lung and Kidney. If urine is scanty and short, it is appropriate to use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Chinese Yam (Shanyao), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), and Schisandra Fruit (Wuweizi) to tonify the Spleen and Lung. If heat accumulation in the Bladder causes difficult urination, it is appropriate to use Wulin San (Five-Dampness Powder) to clear heat. If Spleen Qi is dry and unable to transform fluids, it is appropriate to use Huangqin Qingfei Yin (Scutellaria Lung-Clearing Infusion) to nourish Yin and clear heat. If Bladder Yang is deficient and Yin cannot be transformed, it is appropriate to use Zishen Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Pill). Diseases caused by Kidney deficiency often transmit to this syndrome; without nourishing the source of transformation, rescue is impossible. Using Phellodendron Bark (Huangbai) and Anemarrhena Rhizome (Zhimu) will instead drain Yang and accelerate danger. For elderly men with impotence who indulge in sexual desire, causing internal depletion of primordial essence, resulting in pain in the urethra and difficult urination, use Jiajian Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill) added with Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi) and Achyranthes Root (Niuxi). If ineffective, add Aconite Lateral Root (Fuzi); there are many cases of recovery. If essence is exhausted and further depleted, causing dragging pain during urination and defecation—the more painful the urge to defecate, and the more one defecates, the more dragging pain occurs—adding Fuzi to the previous prescriptions also leads to recovery in some cases. Wang Taipu said: Without Yin, Yang cannot be transformed; without Yang, Yin cannot be generated. One should nourish the source of transformation. If one exclusively uses bland and leaching diuretics, it will damage True Yin and accelerate danger.
Zhang Jingyue said: In Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, if urination is free and easy, it indicates that the Qi of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) meridian is not severely compromised, which is a favorable omen.
He also said: Regarding urination, people often see only its yellow color and assume it is Fire, unaware that when people encounter fatigue and exhaustion, urine becomes yellow; when they are anxious and overthinking, urine also becomes yellow; during prolonged diarrhea and dysentery, urine also becomes yellow; and when alcohol and sex injure Yin, urine also becomes yellow. As long as there are no accompanying symptoms of strangury or pain indicative of Heat syndromes, one cannot conclude it is Fire merely because the urine is yellow. I have seen many cases where forcing out dried-up fluids led to death. The Classic says: "When Middle Qi is insufficient, urination and defecation undergo changes." The meaning is clear. If urine is clear and free-flowing, it indicates that pathogenic factors inside are not severe and the disease is not in the Qi level. Since body fluids depend on Qi transformation for their generation, if Qi is diseased, urination becomes difficult. When urination gradually becomes free-flowing, it shows that Qi transformation has recovered, which is the most auspicious sign.