李东垣曰∶走马疳者，肾经热毒上攻，肾脏主骨，齿为骨余，上奔而溃，势如走马之速
，故名之。小儿或因胎毒，或因痧痘后余毒，或因伤寒时疫后而发，或因疟痢后而结。其外
候，身体壮热，手足时冷，或面浮肿，或滑泄频频；始则口臭，继遂龈烂，色如干酱，后则
齿黑，有时牙龈出血，或脓臭成虫，侵蚀口齿，甚至腮颊红肿；次日其色变紫，隔日即黑；
再过日，即腐脱齿落，气喘痰鸣，头额冷汗而脱矣。治法∶初起宜内服清解，如犀角地黄汤
，或玉女煎之类，先去积热，再服化毒丹撒去其毒；吹以冰青散加西黄、珍珠，或亦有得生
者。大凡此证秽气冲人者，死；下蚀咽喉，上蚀鼻梁者，死；齿落无血者，死；涎向外流者
，死；黑腐不脱者，死；身热不退者，死；穿腮透唇者，死；鼻梁黑暗者，死；脾败便泄，
饮食不进者，死。
又有风热牙疳，其来迅速，寒热时作，即以两三日而发，大人小儿多有之。牙缝出血，
牙根碎腐，宜以疏散清解为主。亦有不发寒热者，因胃火湿热上蒸而发，治以清解，或苦降
泄热，如犀角地黄汤，或黄连解毒汤等；吹药同上，或杀疳药吹之亦可。
牙菌生于牙龈，其形状紫黑色，高低如菌。此属火盛血热兼气郁而成。加味逍遥散主之
，前药亦可服。
李东垣说：走马疳，是肾经的热毒向上攻冲所致。肾脏主管骨骼，牙齿是骨骼的余气所生，热毒上涌导致牙龈溃烂，病情发展速度像奔马一样快，所以叫这个名字。小儿可能因为胎毒，或者出痧痘后的余毒未清，或者在伤寒、时疫之后发作，或者在疟疾、痢疾之后结聚而成。其外在表现，身体高热，手足有时发冷，或者面部浮肿，或者频繁滑泄；起初口臭，接着牙龈腐烂，颜色像干酱一样，后来牙齿变黑，有时牙龈出血，或者脓液发臭生出虫状物，侵蚀口齿，甚至腮颊红肿；第二天颜色变为紫色，第三天就变黑；再过几天，牙齿腐烂脱落，气喘痰鸣，头额出冷汗而死亡。治疗方法：初起宜内服清热解表解毒的药物，如犀角地黄汤，或玉女煎之类，先去除积热，再服用化毒丹撒布以祛除毒素；吹入冰青散加西黄（牛黄）、珍珠粉，或许也有能存活下来的。大凡这种病症，秽气冲人的，死；向下侵蚀咽喉，向上侵蚀鼻梁的，死；牙齿脱落没有血液流出的，死；涎水向外流的，死；黑色腐肉不脱落的，死；身体发热不退的，死；穿透腮帮子透穿嘴唇的，死；鼻梁黑暗无光泽的，死；脾脏败坏大便泄泻，饮食不能进服的，死。
又有风热牙疳，发病迅速，寒热交替发作，在两三天内就会发作，大人小孩多有此病。牙缝出血，牙根碎烂腐朽，治疗应以疏散风热、清热解毒为主。也有不发寒热的，是因为胃火湿热上蒸而发作，治疗用清热解毒，或苦寒降泄热邪的方法，如犀角地黄汤，或黄连解毒汤等；吹药同上，或使用杀疳药吹入也可以。
Li Dongyuan stated: Zouma gan (Running Horse Gangrene) is caused by heat-toxin in the Kidney Meridian attacking upwards. The Kidneys govern the bones, and teeth are considered the surplus of bones. When heat-toxin rushes upward causing gum ulceration, the condition progresses with the speed of a running horse, hence the name. In children, it may arise from fetal toxins, residual toxins after smallpox or measles, following typhoid fever or epidemic diseases, or condensing after malaria or dysentery. Its external manifestations include high fever, coldness in hands and feet at times, facial edema, or frequent loose stools; initially bad breath, followed by rotting gums with a color resembling dried sauce, then blackening of teeth, sometimes with bleeding gums, or pus that becomes foul-smelling and produces worm-like erosions affecting the mouth and teeth, even swelling and redness of the cheeks and jaw; on the second day the color turns purple, and by the third day it turns black; after a few more days, the teeth rot and fall out, accompanied by panting and rattling phlegm, cold sweat on the forehead, leading to death. Treatment methods: At the onset, internal administration of clearing and resolving agents is suitable, such as Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) or Yunu Jian (Jade Woman Decoction), to first remove accumulated heat, followed by applying Huadu Dan (Detoxification Pill) powder to eliminate toxins; blowing Bingqing San (Ice Green Powder) supplemented with Xihuang (Bovis Calculus/Niuhuang) and Zhenzhu (Pearl) may also result in survival. Generally, if this disease emits a foul odor that offends others, it is fatal; if it erodes downward into the throat or upward into the nasal bridge, it is fatal; if teeth fall out without bleeding, it is fatal; if saliva flows outward, it is fatal; if black necrotic tissue does not shed, it is fatal; if body heat does not subside, it is fatal; if it perforates the cheek and penetrates the lip, it is fatal; if the nasal bridge appears dark and dull, it is fatal; if Spleen failure leads to diarrhea and inability to eat or drink, it is fatal.
There is also Fengre yagan (Wind-Heat Gum Gangrene), which comes rapidly, with alternating chills and fever, developing within two or three days, occurring frequently in both adults and children. Bleeding from tooth gaps and crumbling decay of the gum roots require treatment primarily with dispersing wind-heat and clearing heat-toxins. Some cases do not present with chills or fever but arise due to Stomach fire and damp-heat steaming upward; these are treated with clearing and resolving, or bitter-cold descending methods to drain heat, such as Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) or Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxins); the blowing powders mentioned above can be used, or specific anti-gangrene powders may be applied.
Yajun (Tooth Fungus) grows on the gums, appearing purple-black in color, with an uneven, mushroom-like shape. This condition results from excessive fire, blood-heat, combined with Qi stagnation. It is primarily treated with Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder); the previously mentioned medicines may also be taken.