【内伤吐血之症】身无表邪，脉不浮大，起居如故，饮食自若，时而呕吐纯血，一连
数口，此胃家吐血之症。若倾盆大出者，则肝家吐血也。
【内伤吐血之因】或积热伤血，血热妄行；或失饥伤饱，胃气伤损；或浩饮醉饱，热
聚于中，或盐醋辛辣，纵口不忌；或恼怒叫喊，损伤膈膜，则血从口出，而内伤吐血之症作矣。
【内伤吐血之脉】两关独盛，或见洪大，或见浮数。右关独大，胃家有伤；左关独大
，肝家之损。和缓沉小者易治，弦急细数者难治。
【内伤吐血之治】胃家之血，犀角地黄汤，加干葛、知母；积热甚者，加黄连、石膏
；大便结，加酒蒸大黄，即釜底抽薪之法。酒客致咳，必至吐血者，干葛石膏汤，合泻白散，此胃
火上冲伤肺之条。若倾盆大出，肝经血，犀角地黄汤，加黄芩、玄武胶，此清肝摄血之法。
面色白，脉沉迟，内无热，阳虚不能摄血，归脾汤主之，此即血脱益气之条。胸前痛，血色
紫而成块，红花桃仁汤。失饥伤饱，调理胃气，饮食得法，则胃气自和，而病自愈。
犀角地黄汤
犀角 生地 丹皮 山栀 白芍药 荆芥 黄芩 玄武胶
干葛石膏汤合泻白散
干葛 石膏 桑白皮 地骨皮 甘草
归脾汤
当归 白术 人参 甘草 白茯苓 木香 远志 黄 龙眼肉 酸枣仁
红花桃仁汤
红花 桃仁 丹皮 红曲 楂肉 赤芍药 泽兰 归尾
【内伤吐血的症状】身体没有表邪（外感病邪），脉象不浮大，起居饮食如常，有时呕吐出纯血，连续吐出数口，这是胃家吐血的病症。如果出血量大如倾盆，则是肝家吐血。
【内伤吐血的病因】或因积热损伤血液，导致血热妄行；或因饥饱失常，损伤胃气；或因大量饮酒、醉酒后饱食，热气聚集于中焦；或因食用盐、醋、辛辣食物，放纵口腹之欲不加禁忌；或因恼怒叫喊，损伤膈膜，导致血液从口中溢出，从而引发内伤吐血的病症。
【内伤吐血的脉象】左右关脉独盛，或者呈现洪大脉，或者呈现浮数脉。右关脉独大，说明胃家有损伤；左关脉独大，说明肝家有损伤。脉象和缓沉小者容易治疗，脉象弦急细数者难以治疗。
【内伤吐血的治疗】对于胃家的出血，使用犀角地黄汤，加入干葛、知母；若积热严重，加入黄连、石膏；若大便干结，加入酒蒸大黄，这就是“釜底抽薪”的治疗方法。嗜酒之人导致咳嗽，必然发展到吐血，使用干葛石膏汤，合用泻白散，这是针对胃火上冲损伤肺部的证候。如果出血量大如倾盆，属于肝经血溢，使用犀角地黄汤，加入黄芩、玄武胶（阿胶），这是清肝摄血的治疗方法。面色苍白，脉象沉迟，体内无热，属于阳虚不能摄血，以归脾汤为主治，这就是“血脱益气”的治则。胸前疼痛，血色紫暗且成块，使用红花桃仁汤。因饥饱失常导致的，调理胃气，饮食得当，则胃气自然调和，疾病自愈。
犀角地黄汤
犀角 生地 丹皮 山栀 白芍药 荆芥 黄芩 玄武胶
[Symptoms of Internal Injury Hematemesis] The body has no exterior pathogenic factors (exogenous pathogens), the pulse is not floating and large, daily activities and diet remain normal. Occasionally, pure blood is vomited, several mouthfuls in succession; this is a symptom of hematemesis originating from the Stomach. If the bleeding is profuse like an overturned basin, it is hematemesis originating from the Liver.
[Etiology of Internal Injury Hematemesis] It may be caused by accumulated heat damaging the blood, leading to reckless movement of blood due to blood heat; or by irregular eating habits (starvation or overeating) damaging Stomach Qi; or by excessive drinking and overeating after intoxication, causing heat to gather in the Middle Jiao; or by consuming salt, vinegar, and spicy foods without restraint; or by anger and shouting, damaging the diaphragm, causing blood to exit from the mouth, thereby triggering internal injury hematemesis.
[Pulse Signs of Internal Injury Hematemesis] The Guan pulses on both sides are exclusively vigorous, presenting as either洪大 (Hóng Dà, Surging and Large) or 浮数 (Fú Shuò, Floating and Rapid). An exclusively large Right Guan pulse indicates damage in the Stomach; an exclusively large Left Guan pulse indicates damage in the Liver. A pulse that is harmonious, moderate, deep, and small is easy to treat; a pulse that is wiry, rapid, thin, and rapid is difficult to treat.
[Treatment of Internal Injury Hematemesis] For bleeding from the Stomach, use Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction), adding Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma); if accumulated heat is severe, add Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum); if stool is constipated, add Jiu Zheng Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma steamed with wine), which is the method of "drawing firewood from under the cauldron" (removing the root cause). For alcoholics who develop coughing leading inevitably to hematemesis, use Gan Ge Shi Gao Tang (Pueraria and Gypsum Decoction) combined with Xie Bai San (Draining White Powder); this addresses the pattern where Stomach Fire rushes upward and damages the Lung. If bleeding is profuse like an overturned basin, belonging to Liver Meridian blood overflow, use Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction), adding Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) and Xuanwu Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, Donkey-hide Gelatin); this is the method of clearing the Liver and securing blood. If the complexion is pale, the pulse is deep and slow, and there is no internal heat, it belongs to Yang deficiency failing to secure blood; Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) is the primary treatment, which follows the principle of "tonifying Qi for blood loss." If there is pain in the chest, and the blood is purple and clotted, use Honghua Taoren Tang (Safflower and Peach Kernel Decoction). For cases caused by irregular eating habits, regulate Stomach Qi; if diet is appropriate, Stomach Qi will naturally harmonize, and the disease will heal itself.
Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction)
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu), Sheng Di (Rehmanniae Radix), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Shan Zhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Xuanwu Jiao (Colla Corii Asini)
Gan Ge Shi Gao Tang (Pueraria and Gypsum Decoction) combined with Xie Bai San (Draining White Powder)
Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction)
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix), Long Yan Rou (Longan Arillus), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen)
Honghua Taoren Tang (Safflower and Peach Kernel Decoction)
Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Hong Qu (Levisticum Fermentum), Zha Rou (Crataegi Fructus), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Ze Lan (Lycopus Herba), Gui Wei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix tail)