痧无食积、瘀血而痧气壅盛者，冷服。痧气壅阻于食积，而无血瘀者，稍冷服。痧有毒盛而血瘀者，微温服。痧入
于气分而毒壅者，宜刮。痧入于血分而毒壅者，宜放。痧痛而绞动者，痧毒壅阻于食积之气分也。痧痛而不移者，痧毒
壅阻于血分而有瘀也。痧发于头面上部者，痧之毒瓦斯上壅也。痧躔于手足下部者，痧之毒血下注也。痧有上吐下泻者，
痧气上下冲激也。痧有烦闷气胀者，痧气壅塞于心膈也。痧有恶寒发热者，痧气遏抑于肌表也。痧有胸膈偏痛者，毒血
流滞于经络也。痧有结滞肠胃者，食积、血瘀为肿为胀也。痧有吐血、便血者，痧血泛溢而忧溃败也。痧有咳嗽、喘急
者，痧毒壅于气分而生痰逆也。痧有立时闷死者，痧之毒血攻心也。痧有手足软而不能运者，痧入于血分而毒注于下部
也。痧有腰胁具痛者，痧阻于血分而有瘀也。痧有偏痛于半身者，毒注于半身而瘀血也。痧有身重不能转侧者，痧之毒
血壅瘀而不能转运也。痧有变成肿毒溃烂者，毒血凝滞而攻坏肌表也。
痧症不与杂症俱发则已，若与杂症俱发，医者但能治其痧症，不能治其杂症。假使杂症有害，不几误人于死者，不
在痧症而在杂症乎？夫天下有能治百病而不能治痧者，余固素其有误于人矣。兹有犯杂症兼痧之疾，而业医治痧者，更
不能治杂症，独可无责其有误人之罪乎！即如人有劳弱，本原不足之症，兼犯痧症凶危，延一治痧者治之，聆其言，则
云我固善治其痧焉。始则用克伐之药，以治其痧胀之极，可谓有病则病受之，虽甚克伐，亦无害于本原矣。迨至痧已散
去五六，尚存三四，则用药之法，虽宜尚重痧症，又当顾虑本原，惟在略用克伐而不伤本原者为是。若一过用克伐，便
伤本原，岂不有误于不足之症乎！况痧气散去八九，惟是略存一二，用药尤宜保护本原，而稍治其痧焉。至于痧患悉平，
惟有本原不足，则自应以补益为先，然后可云能治其病而无误也。若不先明于本原不足之症，而用药失宜，投剂无法，
则其误人之罪，其能免乎！即此一端，可例百病，故吾谓治痧，须先明百病。
对于痧症，如果没有食积和瘀血，但痧气壅盛的情况，药液应冷服。如果痧气因食积而壅阻，但没有血瘀的情况，药液应稍冷服。如果痧症有毒邪炽盛且伴有血瘀的情况，药液应微温服。如果痧邪侵入气分且毒邪壅滞，适宜采用刮痧疗法。如果痧邪侵入血分且毒邪壅滞，适宜采用刺络放血疗法。如果痧痛并伴有绞痛、蠕动感的，是痧毒壅阻在食积的气分所致。如果痧痛位置固定不移的，是痧毒壅阻在血分且有瘀血所致。如果痧疹发于头面等上部部位的，是痧的毒瓦斯向上壅滞所致。如果痧疹蔓延至手足等下部部位的，是痧的毒血向下灌注所致。如果痧症出现上吐下泻的，是痧气上下冲激所致。如果痧症出现烦闷、气胀的，是痧气壅塞在心膈部位所致。如果痧症出现恶寒发热的，是痧气被遏制在肌表所致。如果痧症出现胸膈偏侧疼痛的，是毒血流滞于经络所致。如果痧症出现结滞于肠胃的，是食积和血瘀导致肿胀和胀满。如果痧症出现吐血、便血的，是痧血泛溢且忧溃败坏所致。如果痧症出现咳嗽、喘急的，是痧毒壅滞在气分而生痰逆乱所致。如果痧症出现立即闷死的，是痧的毒血攻心所致。如果痧症出现手足软弱不能活动的，是痧邪侵入血分且毒注于下部所致。如果痧症出现腰胁部都疼痛的，是痧阻于血分且有瘀血所致。如果痧症出现半身偏侧疼痛的，是毒注于半身且有瘀血所致。如果痧症出现身体沉重不能转侧的，是痧的毒血壅瘀而不能转运所致。如果痧症变成肿毒溃烂的，是毒血凝滞而攻坏肌表所致。
痧症如果不与杂病同时发作也就罢了，如果与杂病同时发作，医生只能治疗其痧症，不能治疗其杂病。假如杂病有害，这不等于把人误入死地吗？错误不在痧症，而在杂病啊。天下有能治百病但不能治痧的人，我固然认为他会有误人的地方。现在有人患了兼有杂病和痧症的疾病，而专门从事治疗痧症的医生，更不能治疗杂病，难道可以免除他误人的罪责吗！就像有人患有劳弱（虚损衰弱），属于本原不足的病症，又兼犯凶险危急的痧症，请一位专治痧症的医生来治疗，听他的言论，则说：“我本来擅长治疗痧症。”起初使用克伐（攻逐削弱）的药物，来治疗极度的痧胀，可以说是“有病则病受之”，虽然药物猛烈克伐，也不会伤害本原。等到痧气散去五六，尚存三四时，用药的方法，虽然仍应侧重治疗痧症，但也应当顾护本原，只有略微使用克伐而不损伤本原的做法才是正确的。如果过度使用克伐药物，就会损伤本原，这难道不是对不足之症产生误治吗！况且痧气散去八九，仅存一二时，用药尤其应该保护本原，稍微治疗一下痧症即可。至于痧患完全平息后，只剩下本原不足，那么自然应该以补益为先，然后才可以说是能治好病而没有失误。如果不先明了本原不足的病症，而用药失宜，投药没有法度，那么他误人的罪责，难道能免除吗！就这一端，可以类推百病，所以我主张治疗痧症，必须先明了百病。
In cases of Sha syndrome (Sha disease) where there is no food stagnation or blood stasis, but the Sha Qi (Sha pathogenic factor) is abundant and obstructive, the decoction should be taken cold. In cases where Sha Qi is obstructed due to food stagnation without blood stasis, the decoction should be taken slightly cold. In cases where Sha toxicity is severe accompanied by blood stasis, the decoction should be taken slightly warm. When Sha pathogens enter the Qi level (functional level) with toxic obstruction, scraping therapy (Gua Sha) is appropriate. When Sha pathogens enter the Blood level (material level) with toxic obstruction, bloodletting therapy is appropriate. If Sha pain is accompanied by cramping and writhing sensations, it indicates Sha toxin obstructing the Qi level associated with food stagnation. If Sha pain is fixed and unchanging in location, it indicates Sha toxin obstructing the Blood level with stasis. If Sha rashes appear on the upper parts such as the head and face, it indicates Sha toxic vapors obstructing upwards. If Sha rashes spread to the lower parts such as hands and feet, it indicates Sha toxic blood pouring downwards. If Sha syndrome presents with vomiting and diarrhea, it is caused by Sha Qi surging up and down. If Sha syndrome presents with irritability, oppression, and abdominal distension, it is caused by Sha Qi obstructing the heart and diaphragm region. If Sha syndrome presents with aversion to cold and fever, it is caused by Sha Qi being suppressed at the muscle and surface level. If Sha syndrome presents with unilateral chest and diaphragm pain, it is caused by toxic blood stagnating in the meridians. If Sha syndrome presents with accumulation and stagnation in the intestines and stomach, it is caused by food stagnation and blood stasis leading to swelling and distension. If Sha syndrome presents with hematemesis (vomiting blood) or hematochezia (blood in stool), it is caused by Sha blood overflowing and tissue destruction. If Sha syndrome presents with cough and急促 breathing (asthma/shortness of breath), it is caused by Sha toxin obstructing the Qi level generating phlegm and rebellious Qi. If Sha syndrome leads to sudden death from suffocation/oppression, it is caused by Sha toxic blood attacking the Heart. If Sha syndrome presents with flaccidity and inability to move the limbs, it is caused by Sha entering the Blood level and toxin pouring into the lower parts. If Sha syndrome presents with pain in both the waist and hypochondrium, it is caused by Sha obstructing the Blood level with stasis. If Sha syndrome presents with unilateral pain on half of the body, it is caused by toxin pouring into half the body with blood stasis. If Sha syndrome presents with heaviness of the body and inability to turn over, it is caused by Sha toxic blood being obstructed and stagnant, unable to circulate. If Sha syndrome transforms into swollen sores and ulcers, it is caused by toxic blood coagulating and stagnating, damaging the muscle and surface.
If Sha syndrome does not occur simultaneously with miscellaneous diseases (Za Bing), then there is no issue. However, if it occurs concurrently with miscellaneous diseases, and the physician can only treat the Sha syndrome but not the miscellaneous diseases, this is dangerous. If the miscellaneous disease is harmful, does this not lead the patient to death? The error lies not in the Sha syndrome, but in the miscellaneous disease. There are physicians who can treat a hundred diseases but cannot treat Sha; I certainly consider them liable for medical errors. Now, consider a patient suffering from both a miscellaneous disease and Sha. A physician specializing in Sha treatment, who cannot treat miscellaneous diseases, commits an even greater error. Can their liability for harming patients be excused? Take, for example, a patient with Lao Ruo (consumptive weakness), a condition of fundamental deficiency, complicated by acute and dangerous Sha syndrome. If one consults a Sha specialist, they may claim, "I am skilled in treating Sha." Initially, using harsh purgative or draining drugs to treat extreme Sha distension might seem acceptable under the principle that "when there is disease, the disease bears the brunt," implying that even strong purgatives would not harm the fundamental constitution. However, once five to six parts of the Sha have subsided and three to four remain, while still focusing on Sha, one must also protect the fundamental constitution. The correct approach is to use mild purgatives that do not damage the foundation. Overuse of purgatives will damage the foundation, causing further harm to a deficient condition. Moreover, when eight or nine parts of Sha have dispersed and only one or two remain, medication should primarily protect the foundation, addressing Sha only slightly. Once Sha is completely resolved, leaving only fundamental deficiency, tonification and supplementation should be prioritized. Only then can one claim to treat the disease correctly without error. If one fails to understand conditions of fundamental deficiency beforehand, leading to inappropriate medication and lack of methodical dosing, how can one avoid the blame for medical error? From this single instance, one can extrapolate to all diseases. Therefore, I assert that to treat Sha effectively, one must first understand a hundred diseases.