秦艽 鳖甲 知母 当归 乌梅 青蒿 柴胡 地骨皮(各等分)
风劳,骨蒸壮热,肌肉消瘦,干咳目赤,此方主之。
风,阳邪也。在表表热,在里里热,附骨骨蒸壮热。久蒸血枯,肌乃瘦。热邪上逼,肺不纳,抑而干咳。咳
久宜目赤。柴胡、秦艽,风药也。风药速行,得乌梅之酸涩则逗留,能驱骨蒸之风。全地、知母,寒药也。寒药
凝聚,得青蒿之苦辛则散降,能疗肌肉之热。鳖,阴类而甲骨属。佐以当归,非惟养血,总邀前药。而除热于阴
尔。
诗曰∶风劳蒸骨夜如年,艽甲青蒿饮万千,见说柴桑梅子熟,煎汤奉母病当痊。
荷叶 艾叶 柏叶 地黄(等分) 生捣,融鸡子清调服。
阳乘于阴,见诸血症,法当泻火,火退则血自归经。统而论之,生之则寒,四生皆能泻火。拆而论之,荷、
艾清香,散火于气,柏、地重腻,降火于血,蛋清之调,正以凉其热。而生其阴耳。
陈牛粪 兔粪 伏翼鼠粪 人溺 驴子溺
虚劳之人,血脉空洞,燥火内燔。以辛香之物投之,虽曰滋阴,其实燥血。以苦寒之品攻之,虽曰降火,切
恐增气。故主以腐化之粪溺,既可胜焦,又不损胃,是盖虚火之知契也。或者恶其秽而薄之,此未升药师之堂。
诗曰∶四生饮,荷艾柏,与地黄,蛋调讫;导阴煎,人驴溺,牛兔鼠,陈粪列。
秦艽、鳖甲、知母、当归、乌梅、青蒿、柴胡、地骨皮(各取等量)
主治风劳(因风邪侵袭导致的虚劳病证),症状包括骨蒸潮热(感觉热量从骨头里透发出来的高热)、肌肉消瘦、干咳、眼睛发红,此方为主治方。
风,属于阳邪。在体表则表现为表热,在体内则表现为里热,深入骨骼则导致骨蒸壮热。长期蒸灼导致血液枯竭,肌肉因此消瘦。热邪向上逼迫,肺气不能肃降收纳,因而引发干咳。咳嗽日久会导致眼睛发红。柴胡、秦艽,属于风药(祛风药)。风药性质迅速通行,遇到乌梅的酸涩之性则会停留,能够驱除潜伏在骨骼中的风邪。全用生地黄、知母,属于寒凉药物。寒凉药物性质凝聚,遇到青蒿的苦辛之性则会发散下降,能够治疗肌肉层面的热邪。鳖甲,属于阴类药材且质地坚硬。配合当归使用,不仅是为了养血,更是为了统领前面的药物,从而在阴分中清除热邪。
诗云:风劳引起的骨蒸潮热,夜晚漫长如年;服用含有秦艽、鳖甲、青蒿、乌梅的汤剂万千次;听说柴桑的梅子熟了,煎汤奉给母亲,疾病应当痊愈。
荷叶、艾叶、柏叶、地黄(等量)
将上述药材新鲜捣碎,融入鸡蛋清中调和服用。
阳气乘袭阴分,表现为各种血症,治疗方法应当泻火,火气消退则血液自然回归脉道。总体来看,新鲜的药材性质寒凉,四味生药都能泻火。具体分析,荷叶、艾叶气味清香,能在气分层面散火;侧柏叶、地黄质地沉重腻滞,能在血分层面降火;用蛋清调和,正是为了清热并滋养阴液。
陈年牛粪、兔粪、伏翼(蝙蝠)鼠粪、人尿、驴尿
患有虚劳病的人,血脉空虚,燥火在内焚烧。如果用辛香类的药物投治,虽然说是滋阴,实际上会燥伤血液。如果用苦寒类的药物攻伐,虽然说是降火,却恐怕会增加气机的阻滞。因此主张使用腐败转化的粪便和尿液,既可以胜过热邪造成的焦枯,又不会损伤胃气,这大概是针对虚火的巧妙契合。有人厌恶其污秽而轻视它,这是没有进入药师殿堂的表现。
诗云:四生饮,由荷叶、艾叶、柏叶与地黄组成,用蛋清调和完毕;导阴煎,由人尿、驴尿、牛粪、兔粪、蝙蝠鼠粪及陈年牛粪排列组成。
Qin Jiao (Gentianae Rhizoma), Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Wu Mei (Mume Fructus), Qing Hao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex) (equal parts).
It is the principal formula for Feng Lao (Wind-induced Consumptive Disease), characterized by bone-steaming fever, emaciation, dry cough, and red eyes.
Wind is a Yang pathogen. When in the exterior, it causes exterior heat; when in the interior, it causes interior heat; when adhering to the bones, it causes bone-steaming high fever. Prolonged steaming consumes blood, leading to muscle emaciation. Heat pathogens forcing upward impair Lung Qi's descending function, resulting in dry cough. Chronic cough may lead to red eyes. Chai Hu and Qin Jiao are wind-dispelling herbs. Wind herbs move rapidly; combined with the astringent nature of Wu Mei, they linger and can expel wind from the bones. Di Gu Pi (full dose) and Zhi Mu are cold-natured herbs. Cold herbs tend to condense; combined with the bitter-pungent-aromatic nature of Qing Hao, they disperse and descend, treating heat in the muscles. Bie Jia belongs to the Yin category and has a hard shell. Assisted by Dang Gui, it not only nourishes blood but also commands the preceding herbs to clear heat within the Yin level.
Poem: "Wind consumption steams the bones, nights feel like years; Qin Jiao, Bie Jia, Qing Hao, and Wu Mei decoction, taken countless times; Hearing that the plums in Chaishang are ripe, decoct soup to offer to mother, illness shall be cured."
He Ye (Nelumbinis Folium), Ai Ye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium), Bai Ye (Platycladi Cacumen), Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) (equal parts).
Freshly crush and grind, blend with egg white, and take orally.
Yang invading Yin manifests as various bleeding disorders. The method should be to purge fire; once fire recedes, blood naturally returns to its vessels. Generally speaking, fresh herbs are cold; all four raw herbs can purge fire. Specifically analyzed, He Ye and Ai Ye have clear fragrances, dispersing fire at the Qi level; Bai Ye and Di Huang are heavy and cloying, descending fire at the Blood level; blending with egg white serves to cool heat and generate Yin.
Chen Niu Fen (Bovis Faeces aged), Tu Fen (Leporis Faeces), Fu Yi Shu Fen (Vespertilionis Faeces), Ren Niao (Urine Humana), Lv Zi Niao (Asini Urine).
Patients with Xu Lao (Deficiency Consumption) have empty blood vessels and internal burning due to dryness-fire. If one administers acrid-aromatic substances, although claimed to nourish Yin, it actually dries the blood. If one attacks with bitter-cold substances, although claimed to descend fire, it risks obstructing Qi. Therefore, fermented feces and urine are advocated; they can overcome scorching without damaging Stomach Qi, representing a precise match for deficiency-fire. Some disdain them for their filth and despise them; this indicates they have not entered the hall of the Pharmacist.
Poem: "Si Sheng Yin consists of He Ye, Ai Ye, Bai Ye, and Di Huang, finished with egg blending; Dao Yin Jian consists of Ren Niao, Lv Zi Niao, Niu Fen, Tu Fen, Fu Yi Shu Fen, and Chen Niu Fen listed."