味辛寒。主鬼注。寒热鼠 。恶疮死肌。破症瘕堕胎。一名 青。生川谷。寂历冬心
。披寻寒胆。蠢动阳舒。蛰藏阴惨。 尾霞拖。乌头云 。蚁垤同封。垂精接感。
江淹赋。连 冬心。寂历冬暮。朱子诗。肝胆不胜寒。礼注。春之言蠢。蠢动。生之貌
也。
云笈七签。禽虫蛰藏。以不食而全。刘峻论。阳舒阴惨。李时珍曰。此莞青亭长之类。冬月
入蛰者。黑头赤尾。苏轼诗。霞拖弄修帔。张衡赋。云师 以交集。陶弘景曰。出凉州。状
如大马蚁有翼。淮南子。蚁知马垤。欧阳修跋。垂精接感。分源而流。
味酸温。主气癃。不得小便。妇人月闭血症。痫 寒热。利水道。一名负蟠。一名
威。生平谷。
讹沿鼠妇。称溷鸡群。足垂多迹。脊蹙横纹。伴蛸寄寂。抱瓮持勤。赤头青股。丹戬形
分
。
陶弘景曰。尔雅。名鼠妇。言鼠在坎中。背多粘负。今讹为妇。李时珍曰。俗名地鸡。
白居
易诗。未曾回眼向鸡群。寇宗 曰。多足大者三四分。背有横纹蹙起。诗。伊芳威在室。 蛸
在户。黄庭坚诗。寄寂喧哄间。苏颂曰。在下湿处瓮器底。及土坎中。黄庭坚文。持勤补拙
。名医曰。丹戬生蜀郡。青股赤头。状如鼠妇。
味辛微温。主明目。小儿火创伤热气。蛊毒鬼注通神。一名夜光。生池泽。
开阖光浮。悠扬腐化。双影池中。独征月下。罗扇轻扬。斑帘疏罅。冠将和丸。武威扶
藉。
苏轼诗。惟有孤萤自开阖。葛长庚诗。俯仰浮光几点星。刘禹锡诗。千门九陌飞悠扬。
礼。
季夏之月。腐草为萤。纪少瑜诗。临池影更双。潘岳赋。翩翩独征。骆宾王诗。含晖疑泛月
。杜牧诗。轻罗小扇扑流萤。杜甫诗。帘疏巧入坐人衣。神仙感应篇。务成子萤火丸。主辟
疾病。诸毒兵刃。盗贼凶害。一名冠将丸。又名武威丸。郝经诗。扶藉不绝圣。
【地胆】
味辛，性寒。主治鬼注（一种由邪气引起的慢性消耗性疾病）、寒热往来、鼠瘰（颈部淋巴结结核）、恶疮及死肌（坏死的肌肉）。能破除症瘕（腹内结块），堕胎。又名青虫。生长在川谷之中。
寂历冬心：指在冬日寂静中保持生机。
披寻寒胆：仔细探寻其寒冷之性。
蠢动阳舒：阳气舒展时昆虫开始蠢动。
蛰藏阴惨：阴气肃杀时昆虫进入蛰伏状态。
尾霞拖乌头云：形容其尾部如拖着晚霞，头部似乌云。
蚁垤同封：与蚂蚁的土堆一样被封存于地下。
垂精接感：精气下垂感应天地。
江淹赋中提到“连冬心”，即“寂历冬暮”。
朱子诗云：“肝胆不胜寒。”
《礼记》注解说：“春之言蠢，蠢动，生之貌也。”意为春天的“蠢”字，指万物蠢动，是生命萌发的样子。
《云笈七签》记载：禽虫蛰伏不食以保全性命。
刘峻论曰：阳气舒展则舒适，阴气肃杀则悲惨。
李时珍说：这是莞青、亭长一类的昆虫，冬季入蛰者。黑头赤尾。
苏轼诗云：“霞拖弄修帔。”
张衡赋云：“云师 以交集。”
陶弘景说：产于凉州。形状像大马蚁且有翅膀。
《淮南子》说：蚂蚁知道马垤（蚁穴）。
欧阳修跋语说：“垂精接感，分源而流。”
【鼠妇】
味酸，性温。主治气癃（小便不通）、不得小便、妇人月经闭止及血症、痫病寒热。能利水道。又名负蟠，一名威。生长在山谷平地。
讹沿鼠妇：沿袭错误的称呼为鼠妇。
称溷鸡群：被称为混迹于鸡群中的生物。
足垂多迹：脚多留下痕迹。
脊蹙横纹：背部紧缩有横纹。
伴蛸寄寂：陪伴蜘蛛寄居在寂静处。
抱瓮持勤：抱着瓮器保持勤勉。
赤头青股：红头青腿。
丹戬形分：红色的剑状形体分开。
陶弘景说：《尔雅》名为鼠妇，说老鼠在坎（坑）中，背多粘附泥土，如今误写为“妇”。
李时珍说：俗名地鸡。
白居易诗云：“未曾回眼向鸡群。”
寇宗奭说：多足的大约三四分长，背上有横纹凸起。
诗云：“伊芳威在室。”
“蛸在户。”
黄庭坚诗云：“寄寂喧哄间。”
苏颂说：生长在潮湿处瓮器底部及土坎中。
黄庭坚文云：“持勤补拙。”
名医说：丹戬生于蜀郡，青股赤头，形状像鼠妇。
【荧火】
味辛，微温。主治明目、小儿火创伤热气、蛊毒、鬼注、通神。又名夜光。生长在池泽之中。
开阖光浮：光线随着开合浮动。
悠扬腐化：悠然飘荡，源于腐草变化。
双影池中：池中有双重影子。
独征月下：月下独自显现。
罗扇轻扬：像轻扬的罗扇。
斑帘疏罅：像稀疏缝隙的斑纹帘子。
冠将和丸：冠将和丸（方剂名）。
武威扶藉：武威扶藉（方剂名或描述）。
苏轼诗云：“惟有孤萤自开阖。”
葛长庚诗云：“俯仰浮光几点星。”
刘禹锡诗云：“千门九陌飞悠扬。”
《礼记》说：季夏之月，腐草为萤。
纪少瑜诗云：“临池影更双。”
潘岳赋云：“翩翩独征。”
骆宾王诗云：“含晖疑泛月。”
杜牧诗云：“轻罗小扇扑流萤。”
杜甫诗云：“帘疏巧入坐人衣。”
《神仙感应篇》提到：务成子萤火丸，主治辟疾病、诸毒、兵刃伤、盗贼凶害。又名冠将丸，又名武威丸。
郝经诗云：“扶藉不绝圣。”
[Di Dan]
Taste: Acrid (Xin). Nature: Cold. Indications: Gui Zhu (a chronic wasting disease caused by pathogenic factors), alternating chills and fever, Shu Luo (tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck), malignant sores, and dead flesh (necrotic tissue). It breaks up masses (Zheng Jia) and induces abortion. Another name is Qing Chong. Grows in river valleys.
"Ji Li Dong Xin": Refers to maintaining vitality during the silent winter.
"Pi Xun Han Dan": Carefully exploring its cold nature.
"Chun Dong Yang Shu": Insects begin to stir when Yang Qi expands.
"Zhe Cang Yin Can": Insects enter hibernation when Yin Qi becomes severe.
"Wei Xia Tuo Wu Tou Yun": Describes its tail dragging like sunset clouds and head resembling dark clouds.
"Yi Die Tong Feng": Sealed underground like ant mounds.
"Chui Jing Jie Gan": Essence descends to resonate with heaven and earth.
Jiang Yan's Fu mentions "Lian Dong Xin," which refers to "Ji Li Dong Mu."
Master Zhu's poem states: "The liver and gallbladder cannot withstand the cold."
The commentary on the *Book of Rites* explains: "Chun" (spring) implies "Chun" (stirring), meaning the appearance of life stirring forth.
*Yun Ji Qi Qian* records: Birds and insects hibernate without eating to preserve their lives.
Liu Jun argues: Yang expansion brings comfort; Yin severity brings misery.
Li Shizhen says: These are insects similar to Guan Qing and Ting Chang, entering hibernation in winter. They have black heads and red tails.
Su Shi's poem states: "Dragging rosy clouds, playing with long silk ribbons."
Zhang Heng's Fu says: "Cloud masters gather together."
Tao Hongjing says: Produced in Liangzhou. Shape resembles large winged ants.
*Huainanzi* states: Ants know ant mounds.
Ouyang Xiu's postscript says: "Essence descends to resonate, flowing from divided sources."
[Shu Fu]
Taste: Sour. Nature: Warm. Indications: Qi Long (urinary retention), inability to urinate, amenorrhea and blood stasis in women, epilepsy with chills and fever. Promotes diuresis. Another name is Fu Pan, also known as Wei. Grows in mountain valleys and flatlands.
"E Yan Shu Fu": The erroneous name "Shu Fu" has been inherited.
"Cheng Hun Ji Qun": Called a creature mingling with chickens.
"Zui Chui Duo Ji": Many legs leave many traces.
"Ji Cu Heng Wen": The back is contracted with transverse wrinkles.
"Ban Xiao Ji Ji": Accompanies spiders, dwelling in silence.
"Bao Weng Chi Qin": Holds urns, demonstrating diligence.
"Chi Tou Qing Gu": Red head, green legs.
"Dan Jian Xing Fen": Red sword-like shapes divide.
Tao Hongjing says: *Erya* names it Shu Fu, saying mice are in the pit (Kan), and the back sticks to mud; now erroneously written as "Fu" (woman).
Li Shizhen says: Commonly called Di Ji (Earth Chicken).
Bai Juyi's poem states: "Never turning eyes toward the chicken flock."
Kou Zongshi says: Those with many legs are about three or four fen long, with raised transverse wrinkles on the back.
Poem states: "Its fragrance and majesty are in the room."
"Spiders are at the door."
Huang Tingjian's poem states: "Dwelling in silence amidst noise."
Su Song says: Grows in damp places under pottery jars and in soil pits.
Huang Tingjian's text states: "Diligence makes up for clumsiness."
Famous physicians say: Dan Jian grows in Shu Commandery, with green legs and red head, resembling Shu Fu.
[Ying Huo]
Taste: Acrid (Xin). Nature: Slightly Warm. Indications: Improves vision, treats heat qi from fire burns in children, Gu Du (parasitic poisoning), Gui Zhu, and enhances spiritual connection. Another name is Ye Guang. Grows in ponds and marshes.
"Kai He Guang Fu": Light floats with opening and closing.
"You Yang Fu Hua": Drifts leisurely, originating from decaying grass transforming.
"Shuang Ying Chi Zhong": Double shadows in the pond.
"Du Zheng Yue Xia": Manifests alone under the moon.
"Luo Shan Qing Yang": Like lightly waving silk fans.
"Ban Lian Shu Xia": Like patterned curtains with sparse gaps.
"Guan Jiang He Wan": Guan Jiang He Wan (Formula Name).
"Wu Wei Fu Jie": Wu Wei Fu Jie (Formula Name or description).
Su Shi's poem states: "Only the solitary firefly opens and closes itself."
Ge Changgeng's poem states: "Looking up and down, floating light like a few stars."
Liu Yuxi's poem states: "Flying leisurely through thousands of doors and nine thoroughfares."
*Book of Rites* states: In the sixth month of summer, decaying grass transforms into fireflies.
Ji Shaoyu's poem states: "Shadows by the pond appear even more doubled."
Pan Yue's Fu states: "Fluttering alone."
Luo Binwang's poem states: "Containing radiance, seeming to float on the moon."
Du Mu's poem states: "Light silk small fans catch the flowing fireflies."
Du Fu's poem states: "Sparse curtains cleverly let them enter the clothes of sitters."
*Shenxian Yinggan Pian* mentions: Wuchengzi Firefly Pill, used to ward off diseases, various poisons, weapon wounds, and violent harm from robbers. Also named Guan Jiang Wan, and also named Wu Wei Wan.
Hao Jing's poem states: "Supporting and sustaining, the sage does not cease."