味苦温。主风寒湿痹。死肌痉疸。止汗除热消食。作煎饵。久服轻身。延年不饥。一名
山蓟。生山谷。
子欲绝谷。当服山精。紫花标色。绿叶抽萌。朝烟夜火。悟拙激清。余香满室。空甑尘
生。
淮南子。术草者。山之精。服之令人长生绝谷。故神农药经曰。子欲长生。当服山精。
庾肩
吾启。绿叶抽条。紫花标色。梅尧臣诗。夜火煮石泉。朝烟遍岩窟。柳宗元诗。悟拙甘自足
。激清愧同波。邵宝诗。嚼罢不知香满室。范成大诗。摩挲莱芜甑。尘生不须拂。
味辛平。主续绝伤。补不足。益气力肥健。汁去面 。久服明目。轻身。延年。一
名菟芦。生川泽。
求系求援。施于松柏。金线垂黄。琼花间白。感气传形。辞根成魄。下有茯苓。千秋薮
泽。
国语叔向曰。求系既系矣。求援既援矣。诗。施于松柏。诗疏。蔓连草上。生黄赤如金。
庚
辛玉
册。有花白色微红。抱朴子。下有伏兔之根。无此在下。则丝不得生于上。然实不属也。淮
南
子。千秋之松。下有茯苓。上有菟丝。牛膝。味苦酸。主寒湿痿痹。四肢拘挛。膝痛不可屈
伸。逐血气伤热。火烂堕胎。久服轻身耐老。一名百倍。生川谷。
膝以形似。本赤茎方。枝枝相对。叶叶相当。四肢美畅。百倍坚强。功资注下。合散扶
伤。
陶弘景曰。有节似膝。故以为名。吴普曰。叶如夏蓝。本赤。李时珍曰。其苗方茎。苏
颂曰
。节叶两两相对。古诗。枝枝相覆盖。宋子侯诗。花花自相对。叶叶自相当。易。美在其中
。而畅于四肢。史记传。蔡泽百体坚强。新论。从高注下。后汉书传。刘陶合散扶伤。
【术】
味苦，性温。主治风寒湿邪导致的痹证、肌肉坏死、痉挛及黄疸。能止汗、退热、消食。制成煎膏或饵剂服用，长期服用可使身体轻盈，延年益寿，且不易感到饥饿。又名山蓟。生长在山谷中。
若想断绝谷物进食，应当服用“山精”（指术）。它紫色的花朵彰显色泽，绿色的叶子抽出新芽。晨间的烟雾与夜间的灯火，让人领悟拙朴而激发清静。余香充满居室，空蒸笼上积满灰尘（形容久服后不需炊煮）。
《淮南子》记载：术是山的精华，服用它能让人长生不老并断绝五谷。所以神农本草经说：“你想长生，应当服用山精。”
庾肩吾启写道：“绿叶抽出枝条，紫色花朵彰显色泽。”梅尧臣诗云：“夜间用石泉煮石（指服食丹药/术），晨间烟雾遍布岩洞。”柳宗元诗云：“领悟拙朴甘愿自足，激发清静愧对同流合污。”邵宝诗云：“嚼完后不知香气充满居室。”范成大诗云：“抚摸莱芜的蒸锅，积满灰尘不必拂拭。”
【菟丝子】
味辛，性平。主治接续断裂损伤，补益不足，益气力，使身体肥壮强健。其汁液能去除面部黑斑。长期服用能明目，使身体轻盈，延年益寿。又名菟芦。生长在川泽之中。
寻求系结与援助，施加于松柏之上。金色的线条垂下黄色，琼玉般的花朵间杂白色。感应气机传递形态，脱离根部成为魂魄（指其寄生特性）。下方有茯苓，千秋万代汇聚于此沼泽。
《国语》中叔向说：“寻求系结已经系结好了，寻求援助已经援助好了。”《诗经》云：“施加于松柏。”《诗经》疏注：“蔓草连接在草上，生长出黄红色如金的样子。”《庚辛玉册》记载：“有白色微红的花。”《抱朴子》说：“下面有伏兔之根（指菟丝子根形似兔，或指其依附关系），如果没有这个在下面，上面的丝就不能生在上面。但实际上它们并不相连。”《淮南子》说：“千年的松树下面有茯苓，上面有菟丝子。”
【牛膝】
味苦、酸。主治寒湿导致的痿痹，四肢拘挛，膝盖疼痛不能屈伸。能驱逐血气中的伤热，治疗火毒腐烂及堕胎。长期服用可使身体轻盈，耐老。又名百倍。生长在川谷之中。
膝盖因形状相似而得名。本茎为方形，枝条相对，叶片相当。四肢美好通畅，百倍坚强。功效资助向下引导，配合散剂扶助创伤。
陶弘景说：“有节段类似膝盖，所以以此命名。”吴普说：“叶子像夏蓝（一种植物），根部红色。”李时珍说：“它的苗茎方直。”苏颂说：“节和叶子两两相对。”古诗云：“枝条相互覆盖。”宋子侯诗云：“花朵各自相对，叶子各自相当。”《易经》云：“美存在于其中，而通畅于四肢。”《史记传》记载蔡泽：“百体坚强。”《新论》记载：“从高注下。”《后汉书传》记载刘陶：“合散扶伤。”
[Shu (Atractylodes)]
Bitter in flavor, warm in nature. Primarily treats Bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, muscle necrosis, spasms, and jaundice. It stops sweating, reduces heat, and aids digestion. When prepared as a decoction paste or pill, long-term consumption makes the body light, extends lifespan, and prevents hunger. Also known as Shan Ji (Mountain Thistle). Grows in mountain valleys.
If one wishes to abstain from grains, one should consume "Shan Jing" (Mountain Essence, referring to Atractylodes). Its purple flowers display their color, while green leaves sprout new shoots. Morning mist and night fire inspire an understanding of clumsiness and stimulate clarity. The lingering fragrance fills the room; dust accumulates on empty steamers (indicating no need for cooking after long-term use).
Huainanzi records: Atractylodes is the essence of the mountain; consuming it grants longevity and allows one to abstain from grains. Thus, the Shennong Bencao Jing states: "If you wish for longevity, consume the Mountain Essence."
Yu Jianwu wrote: "Green leaves sprout branches, purple flowers display their color." Mei Yaochen's poem says: "Boiling stones with spring water at night, morning mist pervades the caves." Liu Zongyuan's poem says: "Understanding clumsiness, content with oneself; stimulating clarity, ashamed to be like the waves." Shao Bao's poem says: "After chewing, unaware that fragrance fills the room." Fan Chengda's poem says: "Rubbing the Laiwu steamer, dust accumulates, no need to brush."
[Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen)]
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. Primarily treats broken injuries, supplements deficiencies, benefits Qi and strength, and promotes robust health. Its juice removes facial pigmentation. Long-term consumption brightens the eyes, makes the body light, and extends lifespan. Also known as Tu Lu. Grows in rivers and marshes.
Seeking bonds and support, applied to pines and cypresses. Golden threads hang yellow, jade-like flowers intersperse white. Sensing Qi to transmit form, leaving roots to become soul (referring to its parasitic nature). Below lies Poria, gathering in this marsh for millennia.
Guoyu records Shuxiang saying: "The bond sought is already bound, the support sought is already援ed." The Book of Songs says: "Applied to pines and cypresses." The commentary on the Book of Songs notes: "Vining grass connects upon grass, growing yellow-red like gold." Gengxin Yuce records: "Flowers are white with slight red." Baopuzi states: "Below lies the root of the hidden rabbit; without this below, the thread cannot grow above. Yet they do not actually connect." Huainanzi says: "Under thousand-year-old pines lies Poria, above lies Cuscuta."
[Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix)]
Bitter and sour in flavor. Primarily treats Wei-Bi syndrome caused by cold-dampness, limb contracture, and knee pain with inability to flex or extend. It expels pathogenic heat from blood and Qi, treats fire-toxin ulcers, and induces abortion. Long-term consumption makes the body light and enhances resistance to aging. Also known as Bai Bei. Grows in river valleys.
Named for its resemblance to the knee. The stem base is square, branches face each other, leaves correspond equally. Limbs become beautiful and smooth, strong as a hundred times. Its function assists downward guidance, combining powders to aid healing.
Tao Hongjing said: "It has nodes resembling knees, hence the name." Wu Pu said: "Leaves resemble Xia Lan (a plant), the root is red." Li Shizhen said: "Its seedling stems are square." Su Song said: "Nodes and leaves are pairwise opposite." Ancient poetry says: "Branches cover each other." Song Zihou's poem says: "Flowers face each other, leaves correspond equally." The I Ching says: "Beauty resides within, flowing smoothly into the four limbs." Records of the Grand Historian record Cai Ze: "All parts of the body are strong." Xin Lun records: "Pouring down from high places." History of the Later Han records Liu Tao: "Combining powders to aid healing."