味辛平。主咳逆上气。破积聚饮食。寒热。水气。恶创。鼠 。疽蚀。鬼精。蛊毒。
杀飞虫走兽。一名续毒。生山谷。
六陈举一。九种心平。衡量重实。芟夷浮轻。饮昏食餮。兽怪禽惊。防葵滥厕。 茹缠
萦。
马志曰。此与麻黄橘皮半夏枳实吴茱萸为六陈也。孟子举一而废百也。和剂局方。治九
种心
痛。一虫。二蛀。三风。四悸。五食。六饮。七冷。八热。九气。名医曰。陈而沉水者良。
韩保升曰。根轻浮者劣。王续诗。此日长昏饮。玉篇。餮。贪食也。唐太宗诗。怖兽潜幽壑
。惊禽散碧空。苏颂曰。今人用枯朽野狼毒当防葵。大误。李时珍曰。 茹如续随子之状。或
以其根。为野狼毒者非是。
味苦温。主温疟狂易。寒热症瘕。积聚瘿气。逐邪止痛。疗金创。一名野丈人。一
名胡王使者。生山谷。
陌上行行。俨逢群叟。紫注药颜。皓盈蓬首。摩顶怜儿。免身赠妇。百节嘘和。遐不黄
。
应璩诗。古有行道人。陌上见三叟。陶弘景曰。近根有白茸。状似白头老翁故名。苏颂
曰。
根紫色深。如蔓菁。黄滔诗。微红见药颜。朱子诗。兴来乱插飞蓬首。孟子。摩顶放踵而为
之。张籍诗。身老特怜儿。葛洪曰。治小儿秃疮。史记。世家。赵朔妇。免身生男。秦嘉有
赠妇诗。张仲景曰。治妇人产后痢虚。甄权曰。治百节骨痛。宋祁序。嘘和吐妍。诗。遐不
黄。寇宗 曰。新安山中。卖白头翁丸。言服之寿考。
【野狼毒】
味辛，性平。主治咳嗽气逆。破除积聚及饮食停滞。治疗寒热往来、水饮停聚、恶疮、鼠瘰（淋巴结核）、疽蚀（溃疡坏死）。驱杀飞虫走兽。又名续毒。生长于山谷之中。
宋代陈言在《三因方》中列举“六陈”药物之一。孟子有“举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也”之说，此处借指衡量药物轻重优劣。去除浮轻劣质者，保留沉重实大者。饮酒过量或暴饮暴食导致昏沉，野兽怪异惊恐之症。防止防葵混杂其中。茹草缠绕萦回。
马志说：此药与麻黄、橘皮、半夏、枳实、吴茱萸并列为“六陈”。孟子所说的“举一而废百”是指举一反三的道理。《和剂局方》治疗九种心痛：一是虫痛，二是蛀痛，三是风痛，四是悸痛，五是食痛，六是饮痛，七是冷痛，八是热痛，九是气痛。名医认为，陈久且能沉入水中的药材品质优良。韩保升说：根部质地轻浮的药材品质低劣。王续诗云：“此日长昏饮。”《玉篇》解释：“餮”意为贪食。唐太宗诗云：“怖兽潜幽壑，惊禽散碧空。”苏颂说：现在有人用枯朽的野狼毒当作防葵使用，这是极大的错误。李时珍说：茹草形状像续随子，或者有些人将其根当作野狼毒，这是不对的。
【白头翁】
味苦，性温。主治温疟、狂易（精神失常）、寒热往来、症瘕（腹内结块）、积聚、瘿气（甲状腺肿大等）。驱逐邪气，止痛。治疗金创（金属利器造成的创伤）。又名野丈人，又名胡王使者。生长于山谷之中。
田间小路上行人众多，仿佛遇见一群老者。紫色注染的药颜，满头白发如蓬。抚摸头顶怜爱孩童，保全身体赠予妻子。全身关节舒缓调和，怎能不长寿？
应璩诗云：“古有行道人，陌上见三叟。”陶弘景说：靠近根部有白色茸毛，形状像白头的老翁，因此得名。苏颂说：根部颜色深紫，类似蔓菁。黄滔诗云：“微红见药颜。”朱熹诗云：“兴来乱插飞蓬首。”《孟子》云：“摩顶放踵利天下为之。”张籍诗云：“身老特怜儿。”《史记·世家》记载：赵朔的夫人，分娩生下男孩。秦嘉有赠给妻子的诗。张仲景说：治疗妇人产后痢疾体虚。甄权说：治疗全身关节骨痛。宋祁序文云：“嘘和吐妍。”《诗经》云：“遐不黄耇（长寿）。”寇宗奭说：新安山中，有人售卖白头翁丸，说服用后可以长寿。
[Wild Wolf Poison / *Stellera chamaejasme*]
Pungent, neutral. Primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi (cough and asthma). Breaks up accumulations and food stagnation. Treats alternating cold and heat, water retention, malignant sores, scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), and ulcerative necrosis. Kills flying insects and running beasts. Also known as Xu Du (*Continuing Poison*). Grows in mountain valleys.
Mentioned by Chen Yan in the *San Yin Fang* as one of the "Six Aged Herbs." The reference to Mencius ("pointing out one corner") implies the principle of inferring others from a single example, used here to discuss weighing and selecting herbs. Removing floating and light (inferior) qualities, retaining heavy and solid (superior) ones. Addresses dizziness caused by excessive drinking or gluttony, and fright from strange beasts or birds. Prevents confusion with *Aconitum coreanum* (Fang Kui). [The text mentions] vines entangling and winding.
Ma Zhi stated: This herb is grouped with Ephedrae Herba (*Mahuang*), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (*Jupi*), Pinelliae Tuber (*Banxia*), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (*Zhishi*), and Evodiae Fructus (*Wuzhuyu*) as the "Six Aged Herbs." The phrase "lifting one and discarding a hundred" refers to the logical inference discussed by Mencius. The *Heji Jufang* (Prescriptions of the Bureau of Taiyi) treats nine types of heart pain: 1. Worm pain, 2. Borer pain, 3. Wind pain, 4. Palpitation pain, 5. Food pain, 6. Drink pain, 7. Cold pain, 8. Heat pain, 9. Qi pain. Famous physicians consider aged herbs that sink in water to be of good quality. Han Baosheng stated that roots which are light and floating are of inferior quality. Wang Xu's poem says: "On this day, long drunk and dizzy." The *Yupian* explains: "Tie" means gluttony. Emperor Taizong of Tang's poem says: "Frightened beasts hide in deep ravines, startled birds scatter across the blue sky." Su Song stated: Nowadays, people mistakenly use dried and rotten Wild Wolf Poison as Fang Kui, which is a great error. Li Shizhen stated: The appearance of Ru Cao resembles Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix (*Xuisui Zi*), and some mistake its root for Wild Wolf Poison; this is incorrect.
[White-headed Elder / *Pulsatilla chinensis*]
Bitter, warm. Primarily treats warm malaria, mania (mental disorder), alternating cold and heat, zheng jia (abdominal masses), accumulations, and ying qi (goiter). Drains pathogenic factors and relieves pain. Treats metal wounds (traumatic injuries from sharp objects). Also known as Ye Zhang Ren, also known as Hu Wang Shi Zhe. Grows in mountain valleys.
Travelers on the field paths seem to encounter a group of old men. Purple hues dye the medicinal face, white hair fills the head like a messy bun. Stroking the top of the head shows pity for children, preserving the body is a gift to the wife. All joints breathe harmony, how could one not live to old age?
Ying Qu's poem says: "In ancient times, there were travelers who met three elders on the path." Tao Hongjing stated: Near the root, there is white down, resembling an old man with white hair, hence the name. Su Song stated: The root is deep purple, similar to turnip (*Brassica rapa*). Huang Tao's poem says: "Slight red reveals the medicinal color." Zhu Xi's poem says: "When inspired, I randomly stick wild hair into my cap." Mencius said: "Rubbing his head to the point of wearing out his heels for the benefit of the world." Zhang Ji's poem says: "Being old, I particularly pity the child." *Records of the Grand Historian: Hereditary Houses* records: Lady Zhao Shuo gave birth to a son after confinement. Qin Jia wrote a poem presenting to his wife. Zhang Zhongjing stated: It treats deficiency dysentery in women after childbirth. Zhen Quan stated: It treats bone pain in all joints. Song Qi's preface says: "Breathing harmony, exhaling beauty." The *Classic of Poetry* says: "How could he not reach old age?" Kou Zongshi stated: In the mountains of Xin'an, White-headed Elder Pills are sold, claiming that taking them ensures longevity.