孕辛，温。主心腹疝气，腹痛，益气疗 ，小儿不能行，疸创阴蚀。一名豺漆。
《名医》曰∶一名豺节，生汉中及冤句。五月、十月采茎，十月采根，阴干。
案∶《大观本草》引东华真人《煮石经》云∶舜常登苍梧山。曰∶厥金玉之香草，朕用
偃息正道，此乃五加皮。鲁定公母单服五加酒，以致不死。
味苦，微寒。主筋骨间寒热痹、拘挛，明目坚齿，利九窍，去白虫。久服，轻身、耐老，
小荆实亦等。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶生河间、南阳、冤句，或平寿都乡高岸上，及田野中。八月、九月采实，
阴干。
案∶《广雅》云∶牡荆，蔓荆也；《广志》云∶楚荆也。牡荆，蔓荆也。据牡、曼，声
相近，故《本经》于蔓荆，不载所出州土，以其见牡荆也。今或别为二条，非。
味辛，温。主五脏身体寒风，头脑痛，面 。久服下气、轻身、明目、增年、耐老。一
名辛矧（《御览》作引），一名侯桃，一名房木。生川谷。
《名医》曰∶九月采实，曝干。
案∶《汉书·杨雄赋》云∶列新雉于林薄。师古云∶新雉，即辛夷耳，为树甚大，其木
枝叶皆芳，一名新矧。《史记·司马相如传》∶杂以流夷。注《汉书音义》曰∶流夷，新
夷也。陶弘景云∶小时气辛香，即《离骚》所呼辛夷者。陈藏笔器云∶初发如笔，北人呼为
木
**五加皮**
味辛，性温。主治心腹部的疝气（腹股沟或腹部因寒凝气滞引起的疼痛），腹痛，补益正气，治疗痿痹（肢体痿弱无力或麻木），小儿不能行走，黄疸，疮疡，以及阴部蚀烂。又名豺漆。
《名医别录》说：又名豺节，产于汉中及冤句。五月、十月采集茎，十月采集根，置于阴凉处干燥。
按语：《大观本草》引用东华真人《煮石经》说：舜帝曾经登上苍梧山。他说：那是金玉般的香草，我用来在正道中休息安养，这就是五加皮。鲁定公的母亲单独服用五加酒，因而得以长寿不死。
**蔓荆实**
味苦，性微寒。主治筋骨之间的寒热痹证（风寒湿邪侵袭筋骨导致的疼痛拘急），肌肉拘挛，使眼睛明亮，坚固牙齿，通利九窍，驱除白虫（肠道寄生虫）。长期服用，能使身体轻健，耐衰老。小荆实的功效也与它相等。生长在山谷中。
《名医别录》说：产于河间、南阳、冤句，或者平寿都乡的高岸上，以及田野中。八月、九月采集果实，置于阴凉处干燥。
按语：《广雅》说：牡荆，就是蔓荆；《广志》说：是楚荆。牡荆，就是蔓荆。根据“牡”和“曼”声音相近，所以《神农本草经》对于蔓荆，没有记载其出产的州郡土地，是因为它见于牡荆的缘故。现在有人将其分别列为两条，这是错误的。
**辛夷**
味辛，性温。主治五脏及身体受到的风寒邪气，头脑疼痛，面部黑斑（或指面色晦暗）。长期服用能降气，使身体轻健，使眼睛明亮，增加寿命，耐衰老。又名辛矧（《太平御览》作“引”），又名侯桃，又名房木。生长在川谷中。
《名医别录》说：九月采集果实，晒干。
按语：《汉书·杨雄赋》说：在林丛薄草中排列着新雉。颜师古说：新雉，就是辛夷，这种树很大，它的枝叶都有芳香，又名新矧。《史记·司马相如传》说：混杂着流夷。注释《汉书音义》说：流夷，就是新夷。陶弘景说：小时候气味辛香，就是《离骚》中所称呼的辛夷。陈藏器《本草拾遗》说：初发时像毛笔，北方人称为木笔。
**Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex)**
Flavor: Pungent; Nature: Warm. It primarily treats Shan Qi (hernia disorders) in the heart and abdomen, abdominal pain, tonifies Qi (vital energy), treats Wei Bi (flaccidity and numbness), inability of children to walk, Jaundice, sores, and erosion of the genitalia. It is also called Chaiqi.
*Mingyi Bielu* (Records of Famous Physicians) states: It is also called Chaijie. It grows in Hanzhong and Yuanju. The stems are collected in the fifth and tenth months, and the roots are collected in the tenth month, then dried in the shade.
Commentary: *Daguan Bencao* cites Donghua Zhenren’s *Zhushi Jing* (Classic of Boiling Stones), stating: Emperor Shun once ascended Cangwu Mountain. He said: "That is a fragrant herb as precious as gold and jade; I use it to rest and cultivate the Right Way. This is Wujiapi." The mother of Duke Ding of Lu consumed Wujiapi wine exclusively, thereby achieving longevity and immortality.
**Manjingshi (Vitcis Fructus)**
Flavor: Bitter; Nature: Slightly Cold. It primarily treats Han Re Bi (cold-heat bi syndrome) between the tendons and bones, muscle spasms and contractures, brightens the eyes, strengthens the teeth, benefits the Nine Orifices, and expels Bai Chong (white worms/parasites). Long-term consumption lightens the body and promotes resistance to aging. The efficacy of Xiaojingshi (small Vitex fruit) is equivalent. It grows in mountain valleys.
*Mingyi Bielu* states: It grows in Hejian, Nanyang, and Yuanju, or on the high banks of Duxiang in Pingshou, as well as in fields. The fruits are collected in the eighth and ninth months, then dried in the shade.
Commentary: *Guangya* states: Mujing is Manjing. *Guangzhi* states: It is Chujing. Mujing is Manjing. Since the sounds of "Mu" and "Man" are similar, *Shennong Bencao Jing* does not record the specific provinces for Manjing, as it is identified with Mujing. Those who currently list them as two separate entries are incorrect.
**Xinyi (Magnoliae Flos)**
Flavor: Pungent; Nature: Warm. It primarily treats Wind-Cold affecting the Five Zang Organs and the body, headache, and facial discoloration (dark spots). Long-term consumption descends Qi, lightens the body, brightens the eyes, extends lifespan, and promotes resistance to aging. It is also called Xinshen (recorded as "Yin" in *Taiping Yulan*), Houtao, or Fangmu. It grows in river valleys.
*Mingyi Bielu* states: The fruits are collected in the ninth month and sun-dried.
Commentary: *Han Shu · Yang Xiong Fu* states: "Xinzhi are arranged in the thickets." Yan Shigu comments: "Xinzhi is Xinyi. The tree is very large, and its branches and leaves are all fragrant. It is also called Xinshen." *Shiji · Sima Xiangru Zhuan* states: "Mixed with Liuyi." The annotation to *Han Shu Yinyi* states: "Liuyi is Xinyi." Tao Hongjing states: "It has a pungent fragrance when young; this is the Xinyi mentioned in *Li Sao*." Chen Cangqi’s *Bencao Shiyi* states: "When it first sprouts, it resembles a writing brush; people in the North call it Mubi (wooden brush)."