味苦，平。主大热、火创、身热烦，邪恶气。花，主女人漏下赤白，轻身、明目。一名
戒火，一名慎火（《御览》引云∶一名水母。《大观本》作黑字，水作火）。生川谷。
案∶陶弘景云∶今人皆盆养之于屋上，云以辟火。
（《御览》作茵蒿）
味苦，平。主风湿寒热邪气，热结、黄胆。久服，轻身、益气、耐老（《御览》作能老）。
生邱陵阪岸上。
《吴普》曰∶因尘，神农、岐伯、雷公∶苦，无毒；黄帝∶辛，无毒。生田中，叶如蓝，
十一月采（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶白兔食之，仙。生太山。五月及立秋采，阴干。
案∶《广雅》云∶因尘，马先也；陶弘景云∶《仙经》云∶白蒿，白兔食之仙，而今茵陈
乃云此，恐非耳。陈藏器云∶茵陈，经冬不死，因旧苗而生，故名茵陈，后加蒿字也。据此，
知旧作茵陈蒿，非；又按∶《广雅》云∶马先，疑即马新蒿，亦白蒿之类。
味辛，微温。主胸胁下逆气，温中，风入脑户，头肿痛，多涕泪出。久服，益精（《艺
文类聚》引作益气）、明目、轻身。一名杜衡（《艺文类聚》引作蘅，非）。生川泽。
《名医》曰∶一名杜连，一名白连，一名白苓，一名若芝，生武陵及冤句，二月、八月
采根，曝干。
案∶《说文》云∶若，杜若，香草；《广雅》云∶楚蘅，杜蘅也；《西山经》云∶于帝之
上有草焉，其状如葵，其臭如蘼芜，名曰杜蘅。《尔雅》云∶杜，土卤。郭璞云∶杜蘅也，
似葵而香。《楚词》云∶采芳州兮杜若。《范子计然》云∶杜若，生南郡汉中。又云∶秦蘅，
出于陇西天水。沈括《补笔谈》云∶杜若，即今之高良姜。后人不识，又别出高良姜条，按∶
《经》云∶一名杜蘅，是《名医》别出杜蘅条，非也。蘅，正字，俗加草。
【景天】
味苦，性平。主治大热、火创（火烧伤）、身体发热烦躁、邪恶之气。其花，主治妇女经血非时而下、赤白带下，能轻身、明目。又名戒火，又名慎火（《太平御览》引用说：又名水母。《大观本草》中“黑”字写作“水”，“水”字写作“火”）。生长在川谷之中。
考证：陶弘景说：现在人们都在屋顶上用盆种植它，说是用来辟除火灾。
【茵陈】
味苦，性平。主治风湿寒热邪气、热结、黄疸。长期服用，能轻身、益气、抗衰老（《太平御览》作“能老”）。生长在山丘斜坡岸边。
《吴普》说：因尘（即茵陈），神农、岐伯、雷公认为：味苦，无毒；黄帝认为：味辛，无毒。生长在田中，叶子像蓝草，十一月采集（《太平御览》引）。
《名医别录》说：白兔吃了它，可以成仙。生长在泰山。五月和立秋时采集，阴干。
考证：《广雅》说：因尘，就是马先；陶弘景说：《仙经》说：白蒿，白兔吃了它就能成仙，而现在的茵陈却说是这个，恐怕不对吧。陈藏器说：茵陈，经过冬天不死，依靠旧苗而生，所以名叫茵陈，后来加上了“蒿”字。根据这一点，知道以前写作“茵陈蒿”是不对的；又查考：《广雅》说：马先，怀疑就是马新蒿，也是白蒿之类。
【杜若】
味辛，微温。主治胸胁下逆气，温中，风邪侵入脑户穴，头部肿痛，多涕泪流出。长期服用，能益精（《艺文类聚》引作“益气”）、明目、轻身。又名杜衡（《艺文类聚》引作“蘅”，不对）。生长在川泽之中。
《名医别录》说：又名杜连，又名白连，又名白苓，又名若芝，生长在武陵及冤句，二月、八月采集根部，晒干。
考证：《说文解字》说：若，杜若，是香草；《广雅》说：楚蘅，就是杜蘅；《西山经》说：在帝山之上有一种草，形状像葵菜，气味像蘼芜，名叫杜蘅。《尔雅》说：杜，土卤。郭璞说：杜蘅，像葵菜但有香味。《楚辞》说：采芳州兮杜若。《范子计然》说：杜若，生长在南郡汉中。又说：秦蘅，出产于陇西天水。沈括《补笔谈》说：杜若，就是现在的高良姜。后人不认识，又另外列出高良姜条目，考证：《神农本草经》说：一名杜蘅，这是《名医别录》另外列出了杜蘅条目，是不对的。“蘅”是正字，俗体加草字头。
[Jingshan (Sedum aizoon)]
Bitter, neutral. Primarily treats severe heat, fire burns, body fever with restlessness, and evil qi. The flowers primarily treat leukorrhea (vaginal discharge) with red and white discharge in women, lightening the body, and improving vision. Also known as Jiehuo (Fire-Preventing), also known as Shenhuo (Fire-Avoiding) (cited from *Taiping Yulan*: also known as Shuimu; the *Daguan Bencao* edition writes "Hei" instead of "Shui", and "Shui" instead of "Huo"). Grows in rivers and valleys.
Note: Tao Hongjing states: Nowadays, people cultivate it in pots on rooftops, claiming it wards off fire.
[Yinchen (Artemisia capillaris)]
Bitter, neutral. Primarily treats wind-dampness, cold-heat pathogenic factors, heat accumulation, and jaundice. Long-term consumption lightens the body, benefits qi, and promotes longevity ( *Taiping Yulan* reads "neng lao"). Grows on hillsides and banks.
*Wu Pu* states: Yinchén (also referred to as Yichen), Shen Nong, Qibo, and Leigong considered it bitter and non-toxic; the Yellow Emperor considered it acrid and non-toxic. It grows in fields, leaves resemble Isatis leaf, harvested in the eleventh month (*Taiping Yulan*).
*Mingyi Bielu* states: White rabbits eat it and become immortal. Grows on Mount Tai. Harvested in May and at Start of Autumn, dried in shade.
Note: *Guangya* states: Yichen is Maxian; Tao Hongjing states: The *Xianjing* says: Baihao (White Mugwort), if eaten by white rabbits, leads to immortality, whereas current Yinchen claims this identity, which seems incorrect. Chen Zangqi states: Yinchen does not die over winter but grows from old stems, hence the name Yinchen, later adding the character Hao. Based on this, the previous writing "Yinchen Hao" is incorrect; furthermore, *Guangya* mentions Maxian, suspected to be Maxinhao, a type of Baihao.
[Duruo (Asarum sieboldii / Galangal?)]
Acrid, slightly warm. Primarily treats rebellious qi under the chest and hypochondrium, warms the middle jiao, wind entering the Naohu acupoint causing head swelling and pain, and excessive tearing and rhinorrhea. Long-term consumption benefits essence ( *Yiwen Leiju* cites "benefits qi"), improves vision, and lightens the body. Also known as Duheng ( *Yiwen Leiju* cites "Heng", which is incorrect). Grows in rivers and marshes.
*Mingyi Bielu* states: Also known as Dulian, Bailian, Bailing, Ruozhi. Grows in Wuling and Yuanju. Roots harvested in February and August, sun-dried.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: Ruo refers to Duruo, a fragrant herb; *Guangya* states: Chu Heng is Du Heng; *Western Mountain Classic* states: On top of Di Mountain grows a grass resembling hibiscus with the scent of Miwu, named Du Heng. *Erya* states: Du means earth salt. Guo Pu states: Du Heng resembles hibiscus but is fragrant. *Chu Ci* states: Gathering fragrant plants at the state, the Duruo. *Fanzi Jiran* states: Duruo grows in Nanjun and Hanzhong. Also states: Qin Heng originates from Longxi Tianshui. Shen Kuo's *Supplement to Brush Talks* states: Duruo is the current Gaoliangjiang (Alpinia officinarum). Later generations, failing to recognize this, created a separate entry for Gaoliangjiang. Examination: The *Classic* states "Also known as Du Heng," indicating that *Mingyi Bielu* separately listed Du Heng, which is incorrect. "Heng" is the correct character, commonly written with the grass radical.