皮 得酒良;畏桔梗、麦门冬。
蜥蜴 恶硫黄、斑蝥、芜荑。
露蜂房 恶干姜、丹参、黄芩、芍药、牡蛎。
虫 畏皂荚、菖蒲。
蛴螬 蜚蠊为使,恶附子。
龟甲 恶矾石。
蟹 杀莨菪毒、漆毒。
鱼甲 蜀漆为使;畏狗胆、甘遂、芫花。
乌贼鱼骨 恶白蔹、白芨。
蜣螂 畏羊角,石膏。
蛇蜕 畏磁石及酒。
斑蝥 马刀为使;畏巴豆、丹参、空青;恶肤青。
地胆 恶甘草。
马刀 得水良。
大豆及黄卷 恶五参、龙胆;得前胡、乌喙、杏仁、牡蛎,良;杀乌头毒。
大麦 蜜为使。
上二百三十一种,有相制使,其余皆无(三十四种续添,案∶当云三十
立冬之日,菊、卷柏先生;时为阳起石、桑螵蛸。凡十物使,主二百草,为之长。
立春之日,木兰、射干先生。为柴胡、半夏使。主头痛,四十五节。
立夏之日,蜚蠊先生。为人参、茯苓使。主腹中。七节,保神守中。
夏至之日,豕道、茱萸先生;为牡蛎、乌喙使。主四肢,三十二节。
立秋之日,白芷、防风先生。为细辛、蜀漆使。主胸背二十四节。
(原注∶上此五条,出《药对》中,义旨渊深,非俗所究。虽莫可遵用,而是主统之本
,故亦载之。)
(皮)遇到酒则效果良好;畏惧桔梗、麦门冬。
蜥蜴厌恶硫黄、斑蝥、芜荑。
露蜂房(露水中浸泡过的蜂巢)厌恶干姜、丹参、黄芩、芍药、牡蛎。
虫(此处指某种昆虫药材,原文脱字或泛指,结合上下文多为虫类药,但根据《神农本草经》原文及后世校勘,此处“虫”字前可能缺字,如“虻虫”等,但依原文直译)畏惧皂荚、石菖蒲。
蛴螬(金龟子幼虫)以蜚蠊(蟑螂)为引经药/使药,厌恶附子。
龟甲厌恶矾石。
蟹能解除莨菪毒和漆毒。
鱼甲(即鱼鳔胶或特定鱼类骨骼,此处指代一种药材)以蜀漆为引经药/使药;畏惧狗胆、甘遂、芫花。
乌贼鱼骨(海螵蛸)厌恶白蔹、白芨。
蜣螂(屎壳郎)畏惧羊角、石膏。
蛇蜕(蛇皮)畏惧磁石及酒。
斑蝥以马刀(一种水生昆虫,即水鳖科昆虫)为引经药/使药;畏惧巴豆、丹参、空青;厌恶肤青。
地胆(一种昆虫药材)厌恶甘草。
马刀得水则药效良好。
冬葵子以黄芩为引经药/使药。
葱实(葱白部分),能解藜芦的毒性。
大豆及黄卷(发芽的大豆)厌恶五参(人参、丹参、沙参、苦参、玄参,泛指各类参类)、龙胆;遇到前胡、乌喙(附子的一种)、杏仁、牡蛎则药效良好;能解除乌头毒。
大麦以蜂蜜为引经药/使药。
以上共二百三十一种药物,存在相制(制约毒性)和相使(增强疗效)的关系,其余药物皆无此类关系。(其中三十四种是后来续添的,按:应当说是三十种。)
立冬之日,菊花、卷柏生长;此时阳起石、桑螵蛸作为使药。凡十种使药,主要统领二百种草类药,为之长。
立春之日,木兰、射干生长。它们作为柴胡、半夏的使药。主要治疗头痛,涉及四十五个节段。
立夏之日,蜚蠊生长。它们作为人参、茯苓的使药。主要调理腹中,涉及七节,起到保神守中的作用。
夏至之日,豕道(猪粪中的虫或指代某种与猪相关的药材,此处存疑,通常指代特定环境下的生物,原文可能有误或特指)、茱萸生长;它们作为牡蛎、乌喙的使药。主要调理四肢,涉及三十二个节段。
立秋之日,白芷、防风生长。它们作为细辛、蜀漆的使药。主要调理胸背,涉及二十四个节段。
(原注:以上五条,出自《药对》,义理深远,非世俗所能探究。虽然不可完全遵循使用,但是主统药物的根本原则,所以也记载在这里。)
(Pi) [Note: Likely refers to a specific herb or part, text implies "Pi" alone] acts well when combined with wine; it is incompatible with Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber).
Lixi (Gecko) is repelled by Liuhuang (Sulfur), Banmao (Mylabris), and Wuyi (Xanthium Fruit).
Lufengfang (Honeycomb soaked in dew) is repelled by Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Shaoyao (Peony Root), and Muli (Oyster Shell).
Chong [Note: Text likely incomplete, possibly referring to a specific insect like E chong/Trogopterus Dung]; it fears Zaojiao (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit) and Changpu (Acorus Rhizome).
Qicao (White Ant/Larva of Scarabaeidae) uses Feilian (Cockroach) as an guiding drug (Shi); it is repelled by Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateralis Radix).
Guijia (Tortoise Shell) is repelled by Fanshi (Alum).
Xie (Crab) can neutralize the toxicity of Langdang (Henbane) and Qi (Poison Ivy/Rhus toxicodendron).
Yujia [Note: Likely refers to a specific aquatic product or mineral, text unclear] uses Shuqi (Radix Codonopsis / or specific herb) as a guiding drug (Shi); it fears Goudan (Dog Gallbladder), Gansui (Kansui Root), and Yuanhua (Genkwa Flower).
Wouyu Gu (Cuttlebone) is repelled by Bailian (Lilii Bulb) and Baiji (Bletilla Rhizome).
Qianglang (Dung Beetle) fears Yangjiao (Sheep Horn) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
Shetui (Snake Slough) fears Cishi (Magnetite) and wine.
Banmao (Mylabris) uses Madao (Clam/Concha Meretricis or similar) as a guiding drug (Shi); it fears Badou (Croton Seed), Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza), and Kongqing (Azurite); it is repelled by Fuqing (likely a typo for a specific mineral/herb, possibly Qing Dai or similar, but kept literal).
Dichan (Blister Beetle species) is repelled by Gancao (Licorice Root).
Madao [Note: Context suggests a specific herb/clam] acts well when combined with water.
Dazao (Jujube) can neutralize the toxicity of Wutou (Aconitum Carleilii Root).
Dongkuizi (Malva Seed) uses Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) as a guiding drug (Shi).
Congshi (Allium Fistulosum Seed) can resolve the toxicity of Lilü (Veratrum Nigrum).
Ma (Hemp Seed) and Mazishen (Cannabis Fructus) fear Muli (Oyster Shell) and Baiwei (Cynanchum Atratum Root); they are repelled by Fuling (Poria).
Dayi (Soybean) and Huangjuan (Germinated Soybean) are repelled by Wushen (The Five Ginsengs: Renshen, Danshen, Shashen, Kushen, Xuanshen) and Longdan (Gentiana Root); they act well when combined with Qianhu (Peucedanum Root), Wu Hui (Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root), Xingren (Apricot Seed), and Muli (Oyster Shell); they can neutralize the toxicity of Wutou (Aconitum Carleilii Root).
Damai (Barley) uses Mi (Honey) as a guiding drug (Shi).
The above total 231 substances have mutual restriction and guidance relationships; the rest do not. (Among them, 34 types were added later; note: it should be stated as 30 types.)
On the day of Start of Winter, Ju (Chrysanthemum) and Juanbai (Selaginella Tamariscina) arise first; at this time, Yangqishi (Magnesite) and Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg Case) serve as guiding drugs (Shi). Ten substances serve as guiding drugs, governing the leadership over two hundred grass-type herbs.
On the day of Start of Spring, Mulan (Magnolia Flower) and Shegan (Belamcanda Rhizome) arise first. They serve as guiding drugs (Shi) for Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber). They govern headache, involving forty-five segments.
On the day of Start of Summer, Feilian (Cockroach) arises first. It serves as a guiding drug (Shi) for Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Fuling (Poria). It governs abdominal conditions, involving seven segments, preserving the spirit and maintaining the center.
On the day of Summer Solstice, Shidao [Note: Obscure term, possibly Pig Excrement or related] and Zhuyu (Cornus Fruit) arise first; they serve as guiding drugs (Shi) for Muli (Oyster Shell) and Wu Hui (Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root). They govern the four limbs, involving thirty-two segments.
On the day of Start of Autumn, Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) arise first. They serve as guiding drugs (Shi) for Xixin (Asarum Root) and Shuqi (Radix Codonopsis / or specific herb). They govern chest and back conditions, involving twenty-four segments.
(Original Note: The above five items are from *Yao Dui* (Drug Pairs). Their principles are profound and not investigated by the vulgar. Although they cannot be fully followed in practice, they represent the fundamental principle of governance and guidance, so they are also recorded here.)