味苦，平。主风，头眩肿痛，目欲脱，泪出，皮肤死肌，恶风湿痹。久服，利血气，轻
身、耐老、延年。一名节华，生川泽及田野。
《吴普》曰∶菊华，一名白华（《初学记》），一名女华，一名女茎。
《名医》曰∶一名日精，一名女节，一名女华，一名女茎，一名更生，一名周盈，一
名傅延年，一名阴成，生雍州。正月，采根，三月，采叶；五月，采茎；九月，采花；十一
月，采实。皆阴干。
郭璞云∶今之秋华，菊。则 、 、 ，皆秋华，惟今作菊。《说文》以为大菊瞿麦，
假音
用之也。
味甘，微寒。主补五脏，安精神，定魂魄，止惊悸，除邪气，明目、开心、益智。久服，
轻身、延年。一名人衔，一名鬼盖。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶人参，一名土精，一名神草，一名黄参，一名血参，一名人微，一名玉精，
神农∶甘，小寒；桐君、雷公∶苦；岐伯、黄帝∶甘，无毒；扁鹊∶有毒。生邯郸。三月生
叶，小兑，核黑，茎有毛，三月、九月采根，根有头、足、手，面目如人（《御
《名医》曰∶一名神草，一名人微，一名土精，一名血参，如人形者，有神。生上党及
辽东。二月、四月、八月上旬，采根。竹刀刮，曝干，无令见风。
案∶《说文》云∶参，人参，药草，出上党。《广雅》云∶地精，人参也；《范子计然》
云∶人参，出上党，状类人者，善。刘敬叔《异苑》云∶人参，一名土精，生上党者，
佳。人形皆具，能作儿啼。
【鞠华】
味苦，性平。主治风邪引起的头眩、肿痛，眼睛感觉要脱出，流泪，皮肤干枯死肌，以及恶风湿痹。长期服用，能通利血气，使身体轻健、延缓衰老、延长寿命。又名节华，生长在川泽及田野之中。
《吴普》说：菊华，又名白华（见《初学记》），又名女华，又名女茎。
《名医别录》说：又名日精，又名女节，又名女华，又名女茎，又名更生，又名周盈，又名傅延年，又名阴成，生长在雍州。正月采集根部，三月采集叶片；五月采集茎部；九月采集花朵；十一月采集果实。都要阴干。
郭璞说：现在的秋华，就是菊。则、则、则，都是秋华，只有现在称为菊。《说文解字》认为是大菊瞿麦，是借用音义来使用的。
【人参】
味甘，性微寒。主治补益五脏，安定精神，镇定魂魄，制止惊悸，祛除邪气，明目、开心窍、益智力。长期服用，能使身体轻健、延长寿命。又名人衔，又名鬼盖。生长在山谷之中。
《吴普》说：人参，又名土精，又名神草，又名黄参，又名血参，又名人微，又名玉精。
神农认为：甘味，小寒；桐君、雷公认为：苦味；岐伯、黄帝认为：甘味，无毒；扁鹊认为：有毒。生长在邯郸。三月生出叶子，叶尖小且锐利，核为黑色，茎上有毛，三月、九月采集根部，根部有头、足、手，面目像人（见《御览》）。
《名医别录》说：又名神草，又名人微，又名土精，又名血参，形状像人的，就有神效。生长在上党及辽东。二月、四月、八月上旬采集根部。用竹刀刮去外皮，晒干，不要让风吹到。
按语：《说文解字》说：参，即人参，药草，出产于上党。《广雅》说：地精，就是人参；《范子计然》说：人参，出产于上党，形状像人的，是好货。刘敬叔《异苑》说：人参，又名土精，生长在上党的，品质佳。人形俱全，能发出婴儿啼哭的声音。
[Ju Hua (Chrysanthemum Flower)]
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature. It primarily treats wind-induced dizziness, swelling and pain, a sensation that the eyes are about to protrude, tearing, dry and necrotic skin, and painful obstruction caused by evil wind-dampness. Long-term consumption promotes the flow of blood and Qi, lightens the body, delays aging, and extends longevity. Also known as Jie Hua (Node Flower), it grows in river valleys, marshes, and fields.
Wu Pu states: Ju Hua is also known as Bai Hua (White Flower) (see *Chuxue Ji*), Nu Hua (Female Flower), and Nu Jing (Female Stem).
*Name Physicians' Record* states: It is also known as Ri Jing (Sun Essence), Nu Jie (Female Node), Nu Hua (Female Flower), Nu Jing (Female Stem), Geng Sheng (Reborn), Zhou Ying (Full Circle), Fu Yan Nian (Bestowing Longevity), Yin Cheng (Yin Completion), and grows in Yongzhou. The root is harvested in the first lunar month, leaves in the third month; stems in the fifth month; flowers in the ninth month; and fruits in the eleventh month. All parts should be dried in the shade.
Guo Pu says: The autumn flower currently referred to as "Qiu Hua" is Chrysanthemum. Thus, [characters], [characters], and [characters] all refer to autumn flowers, but only now is it called Ju. *Shuowen Jiezi* considers it to be Da Ju Qu Mai (Large Chrysanthemum Dianthus), using it for its phonetic similarity.
[Ren Shen (Ginseng Root)]
Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature. It primarily tonifies the five Zang organs, calms the spirit (Shen), stabilizes the soul (Hun and Po), stops palpitations and fright, expels pathogenic factors, brightens the eyes, opens the mind, and enhances intelligence. Long-term consumption lightens the body and extends longevity. Also known as Ren Xian (Human Bite/Prey) and Gui Gai (Ghost Cover). It grows in mountain valleys.
Wu Pu states: Ren Shen is also known as Tu Jing (Earth Essence), Shen Cao (Divine Herb), Huang Shen (Yellow Ginseng), Xue Shen (Blood Ginseng), Ren Wei (Human Microcosm), and Yu Jing (Jade Essence).
Shennong describes it as sweet and slightly cold; Tongjun and Leigong describe it as bitter; Qibo and the Yellow Emperor describe it as sweet and non-toxic; Bian Que describes it as toxic. It grows in Handan. Leaves emerge in the third lunar month, small and pointed; the seeds are black; the stem has hairs. The root is harvested in the third and ninth lunar months. The root possesses a head, feet, and hands, resembling a human face and figure (see *Yulan*).
*Name Physicians' Record* states: It is also known as Shen Cao (Divine Herb), Ren Wei (Human Microcosm), Tu Jing (Earth Essence), and Xue Shen (Blood Ginseng). Those shaped like humans possess divine efficacy. It grows in Shangdang and Liaodong. The root is harvested in early February, April, and August. Scrape with a bamboo knife, sun-dry, and avoid exposure to wind.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* states: Can refers to Ren Shen, a medicinal herb originating from Shangdang. *Guangya* states: Di Jing (Earth Essence) is Ren Shen; *Fanzi Jiran* states: Ren Shen originates from Shangdang, and those resembling humans are of superior quality. Liu Jingshu's *Yi Yuan* states: Ren Shen is also known as Tu Jing; those growing in Shangdang are excellent. They possess complete human forms and can make sounds like crying infants.