味苦涩。主骨间寒热，惊痫邪气，续绝伤，定五脏，杀蛊毒。久服，益智、不忘，轻身、
耐老。一名陵游，生山谷。
《名医》曰∶生齐朐及冤句。二月、八月、十一月、十二月采根，阴干。
味辛，温。主咳逆，头痛脑动，百节拘挛，风湿。痹痛、死肌。久服，明目、利九窍，
轻身、长年。一名小辛。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶细辛，一名细草（《御览》引云∶一名小辛）。神农、黄帝、雷公、桐君∶
辛，小温；岐伯∶无毒；李氏∶小寒。如葵叶，色赤黑，一根一叶相连（《御览》引云∶三
月、八月采根）。
《名医》曰∶生华阴。二月、八月采根，阴干。
案∶《广雅》云∶细条、少辛，细辛也。《中山经》云∶浮戏之山，上多少辛。郭璞云
∶细辛也。《管子·地员篇》云∶小辛，大蒙。《范子计然》云∶细辛，出华阴，色白者，
善。
味甘，平。主伤中，除痹，下气，补五脏虚劳、羸瘦，强阴。久服，浓肠胃、轻身、延
年。一名林兰（《御览》引云∶一名禁生。《观本》作黑字），生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶石斛，神农∶甘，平；扁鹊∶酸；李氏∶寒（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名禁生，一名杜兰，一名石 。生六安水傍石上。七月、八月采茎，阴
干。
案∶《范子计然》云∶石斛，出六安。
【龙胆】
味道苦涩。主治骨骼间的寒热症状，惊厥癫痫及邪气侵扰，接续断裂的筋骨损伤，安定五脏功能，杀灭蛊毒。长期服用，能增强智力、防止遗忘，使身体轻盈、延缓衰老。又名陵游，生长在山谷中。
《名医别录》记载：生长在齐朐和冤句两地。在二月、八月、十一月、十二月采集根部，阴干备用。
【细辛】
味道辛，性温。主治咳嗽气逆，头痛且感觉脑部跳动，全身关节拘挛僵硬，风湿痹痛、肌肉坏死。长期服用，能明目、通畅九窍，使身体轻盈、延年益寿。又名小辛，生长在山谷中。
《吴普本草》记载：细辛，又名细草（《太平御览》引文称：又名小辛）。神农、黄帝、雷公、桐君认为：味辛，性小温；岐伯认为：无毒；李氏认为：性小寒。叶片像葵菜叶，颜色赤黑，一根一叶相连（《太平御览》引文称：三月、八月采集根部）。
《名医别录》记载：生长在华山之北。二月、八月采集根部，阴干备用。
按语：《广雅》记载：细条、少辛，指的就是细辛。《中山经》记载：浮戏山上多生少辛。郭璞注释说：就是细辛。《管子·地员篇》记载：小辛，大蒙。《范子计然》记载：细辛，出产于华阴，颜色白色的为好。
【石斛】
味道甘，性平。主治内伤脾胃，祛除痹症，降逆气，补益五脏虚损、消瘦乏力，滋养阴精。长期服用，能增厚肠胃、使身体轻盈、延年益寿。又名林兰（《太平御览》引文称：又名禁生。《观本》作“黑”字），生长在山谷中。
《吴普本草》记载：石斛，神农认为：味甘，性平；扁鹊认为：味酸；李氏认为：性寒（见《太平御览》）。
《名医别录》记载：又名禁生，又名杜兰，又名石[缺字]。生长在六安水边的岩石上。七月、八月采集茎部，阴干备用。
按语：《范子计然》记载：石斛，出产于六安。
[Drynaria / Gentianae Radix (Longdan)]
Taste: Bitter and astringent.
Indications: Primarily treats cold-heat alternating sensations in the bones, fright convulsions (Jing Xian), pathogenic factors, reconnects severed tendons and injuries, stabilizes the Zang-Fu organs, and kills gu poison. Long-term use enhances intelligence, prevents forgetfulness, lightens the body, and delays aging.
Alternative name: Lingyou.
Habitat: Grows in mountain valleys.
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi* states: Grows in Qiqu and Yuanju. The roots are harvested in the second, eighth, eleventh, and twelfth lunar months and dried in the shade.
[Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin)]
Taste: Acrid (Pungent).
Nature: Warm.
Indications: Primarily treats cough with reverse flow of Qi (Ke Ni), headache with throbbing in the brain, spasms and contractures of all joints, wind-dampness, bi-syndrome pain, and necrotic muscle tissue. Long-term use brightens the eyes, benefits the nine orifices, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
Alternative name: Xiaoxin.
Habitat: Grows in mountain valleys.
*Wu Pu Ben Cao* states: Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), also known as Xicao (cited in *Tai Ping Yu Lan* as: also known as Xiaoxin). Shennong, Huangdi, Leigong, and Tongjun state: Acrid, slightly warm; Qibo states: Non-toxic; Li Shi states: Slightly cold. Leaves resemble those of Malva verticillata (Kui), color is dark red-black, one root connected to one leaf (*Tai Ping Yu Lan* cites: harvest roots in the third and eighth lunar months).
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi* states: Grows north of Mount Hua. Harvest roots in the second and eighth lunar months and dry in the shade.
Note: *Guang Ya* states: "Xi Tiao" and "Shao Xin" refer to Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin). *Zhong Shan Jing* states: Mount Fuxi has much Shao Xin. Guo Pu comments: It is Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin). *Guanzi · Di Yuan Pian* states: Xiaoxin, Da Meng. *Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) comes from Huayin; the white-colored ones are superior.
[Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu)]
Taste: Sweet.
Nature: Neutral.
Indications: Primarily treats internal injury to the middle Jiao, dispels bi-syndrome, directs rebellious Qi downward, tonifies deficiency-wasting conditions of the five Zang organs, emaciation, and strengthens Yin. Long-term use thickens the intestines and stomach, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
Alternative name: Linlan (*Tai Ping Yu Lan* cites: also known as Jinsheng. *Guan Ben* writes it as "Hei").
Habitat: Grows in mountain valleys.
*Wu Pu Ben Cao* states: Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu), Shennong states: Sweet, neutral; Bian Que states: Sour; Li Shi states: Cold (see *Tai Ping Yu Lan*).
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi* states: Also known as Jinsheng, also known as Dulan, also known as Shi [missing character]. Grows on rocks beside waters in Lu'an. Harvest stems in the seventh and eighth lunar months and dry in the shade.
Note: *Fan Zi Ji Ran* states: Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu) comes from Lu'an.