喘嗽气急胸满者，表散之；咳嗽发热者，和解之；咳而胸膈隐痛，唾涎腥臭者，宜排脓
；喘急恍惚痰盛者，宜平肺；唾脓，脉短涩者，宜补之。
一男子喘咳，脉紧数，以小青龙汤一剂，表证已解。更以葶苈大枣汤，喘止。乃以桔梗
汤而愈。
一男子咳嗽气急，胸膈胀满，睡卧不安。以葶苈散，二服稍愈，更以桔梗汤而瘥。
一男子咳嗽，项强气促，脉浮而紧。以参苏饮，二剂少愈，更以桔梗汤，四剂而痊。
一男子咳嗽，两胁胀满，咽干口燥，咳唾腥臭。以桔梗汤，四剂而唾脓；以排脓散，数
服而止，乃以补阴托里之剂而瘳。
一男子咳而脓不止，脉不退，诸药不应，甚危。用拓黄丸，一服稍愈，再服顿退，数服
而痊。
一妇人唾脓，五心烦热，口干胸闷。以四顺散，三剂少止；以排脓散，数服而安。
一男子因劳咳嗽不止，项强而痛，脉微紧而数，此肺痈也。尚未成脓，余欲用托里益气
药，
若肺气虚，则腠理不密，皮毛不泽。肺受伤，则皮毛错纵。故患肺痈、肺痿、肠痈者，必致
皮
邪不能解，多因腠理不密，而邪复入也。专用发表，则腠理愈虚，邪愈易入，反为败症矣。
宜诊其脉，邪在表者，止当和解而实腠理。乘虚复入者，亦当和解，兼实腠理，故用托里
益气之药。若小便赤涩，为肺热所传；短少为肺气虚。盖肺为母，肾为子，母虚不能生子故
也。亦有小便频数者，亦为肺虚不能约制耳。
一男子面白神劳，咳而胸膈隐痛，其脉滑数。余以为肺痈，欲用桔梗汤。不信，仍服表
药，
里药数剂而愈。大抵劳伤血气，则腠理不密，风邪乘肺，风热相搏，蕴结不散，必致喘嗽。
若误汗下过度，则津液重亡，遂成斯证。若寸脉数而虚者，为肺痿；数而实者，为肺痈。脉
微紧而数者，未有脓也；紧长而数者，已有脓也。唾脓自止，脉短而面白者，易治；脓不止
，脉洪大，而面色赤者，不治。使其治早可救，脓成则无及矣。《金匮》方∶论热在上焦者
，因咳为肺痿得之，或从汗出，或从呕吐，或从消渴，小便利数，或从便难。又彼下药快利
，重亡津液，故寸自脉数，其人燥咳，胸中隐隐时痛，脉反滑数，此为肺痈。咳唾脓血，脉
数虚者，为肺痿；数实者，为肺痈。
一童子气禀不足，患肺痈，唾脓腥臭，皮毛枯槁，脉浮，按之涩，更无力，用钟乳粉汤
治之。
一男子患之，形证皆同，惟咽喉时或作痒，痰多胁痛，难于睡卧。用紫菀茸汤治之，并
愈。
一弱人咳脓，日晡发热，夜间盗汗，脉浮数而紧。用人参五味子汤，数剂顿退，以紫菀
茸汤，月余而痊。
一男子肾气素弱，咳唾痰涎，小便赤色，服肾气丸而愈。
一仆年逾三十，嗽久不愈，气壅不利，睡卧不宁，咯吐脓血，甚虚可畏，其主已弃矣。
余以
散性涩而不用，何以得愈？
一男子患肺痿，咳嗽喘急，吐痰腥臭，胸满咽干，脉洪数。用人参平肺散六剂，及饮童
子小
肺痿肺痈，发热口渴者，尤效。
一妇人患肺痿咳嗽，吐痰腥臭，日晡发热，脉数无力。用地骨皮散治之，热止；更用人
参养肺汤，月余而安。
一男子咳嗽喘急，发热烦躁，面赤咽痛，脉洪大。用黄连解毒汤，二剂少退，更以栀子
汤，四剂而安。
一 妇咳而无痰咽痛，日晡发热，脉浮数。先以甘桔汤少愈，后以地骨皮散而
热退；更以肾气丸及八珍汤加柴胡、地骨皮、牡丹皮而愈。丹溪云∶咳而无痰者，此系火郁
之证，及痰郁火邪在中，用苦梗开之，下用补阴降火之剂，不已，则成劳嗽，此证不得志者
多有之。又《原病式》曰∶人瘦者，腠理疏通而多汗，血液衰少而为燥，故为劳嗽之疾也。
一男子年前病肺痈，后又患咳嗽，头眩唾沫，饮食少思，小便频数。服解散化痰药，
不应。
尚未成痈耳。投以加味理中汤四剂，诸证已退大半，更用钟乳粉汤而安。河间曰∶《金匮》
云∶肺痿属热，如咳，又肺瘪声哑，声嘶咯血，此属阴虚热甚然也。本论治肺痿吐涎沫而不
咳者，其人不渴，必遗尿，小便数，以上虚不能制下故也。此为肺中冷，必眩，多涎唾。用
炙
补阴虚火热不同，是皆宜分治，故肺痿又有寒热之异也。
附方
青龙汤 治肺经受寒，咳嗽喘急。
半夏（汤泡七次，二两半） 干姜（炮） 细辛 麻黄（去节） 肉桂 芍药 甘草（炙，各
三两）五味子（二两，捣炒） 每服五钱，水一钟，姜二片，煎七分，食后服。
葶苈大枣泻肺汤 治肺痈胸膈胀满，上气喘急，或身面浮肿，鼻塞声重。
葶苈炒令黄色，研末，每服三钱，用水二钟，枣十枚，煎八分，去枣入药，煎七分，食
后服。
升麻汤 治肺痈，胸乳间皆痛，口吐脓腥臭。
川升麻 苦梗（炒） 薏苡仁 地榆 黄芩（炒） 赤芍药（炒） 牡丹皮（去心） 生甘草（
各一钱） 作一剂，水二钟，煎八分，食远服。
参苏饮 治感冒风邪，咳嗽，涕唾稠粘，或发热头痛，或头目不清，胸膈不利。
木香 苏叶 葛根（姜制） 前胡 半夏（汤泡七次） 人参 茯苓（各七分） 枳壳（麸炒）
桔
一茎。
桔梗汤 治咳而胸满隐痛，两 肿满，咽干口燥，烦闷多渴，时出浊唾腥臭。
桔梗（炒） 贝母（去心） 当归（酒浸） 栝蒌仁 枳壳（麸炒） 薏苡仁（微炒） 桑白皮（
炒）
苈（炒） 地骨皮 知母（炒） 杏仁（各五分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎七分，不拘
时，温服。咳加百药煎；热加黄芩；大便不利，加煨大黄少许；小便涩甚，加木通、车前子
；烦躁加白茅根；咳而痛甚，加人参、白芷。
排脓散 治肺痈吐脓后，宜服此排脓补肺。
嫩黄 （盐水拌炒） 白芷 五味子（研炒） 人参（各等分） 为细末，每服三钱，食后，
蜜汤调下。
四顺散 治肺痈吐脓，五心烦热，壅闷咳嗽。
贝母（去心） 紫菀（去苗） 桔梗（炒，各钱半） 甘草（七分） 作一剂，水二钟，煎八
分，食远服。如咳嗽加杏仁。亦可为末，白汤调服。
如圣柘黄丸 治肺痈咳而腥臭，或唾脓瘀。不问脓成否，并效。肺家虽有方，惟
此方功效甚捷，不可忽之。
柘黄（一两，为末） 百齿霜（即梳垢，三钱） 用糊为丸，如梧子大，每服三五丸，米饮
下。柘黄，乃柘树所生者，其色黄，状灵芝，江南最多，北方鲜有。
葶苈散 治过食煎爆，或饮酒过度，致肺壅喘不卧，及肺痈浊唾腥臭。
甜葶苈 桔梗（炒） 栝蒌仁 川升麻 薏苡仁 桑白皮（炙） 葛根（各一钱） 甘草（炙
，五分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，食后服。
钟乳粉散 治肺气虚久嗽，皮毛枯槁，唾血腥臭，或喘之不已。
钟乳粉（ 炼熟） 桑白皮（蜜炙） 紫苏 麦门冬（去心，各五分） 作一剂，水一钟，姜
三片，枣一枚，煎六分，食后服。
紫菀茸汤 治饮食过度，或煎爆伤肺，咳嗽咽干，吐痰唾血，喘急胁痛，不得安
紫菀茸（去苗，一钱） 犀角（镑末） 甘草（炙） 人参（各五分） 桑叶（用经霜者） 款冬
花
作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，入犀角末，食后服。
人参五味子汤 治气血劳伤，咳脓，或咯血，寒热往来，夜出虚汗，羸瘦困乏，
一切虚损之证并治。
人参 五味子（酒炒） 前胡 桔梗（炒） 白术（炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 陈皮（去白） 熟地
黄（
枳壳（去穣炒） 柴胡（各七分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，食后服。
宁肺散（一名宁神散） 治久嗽渐咯脓血，胸膈不利，咳嗽痰盛，坐卧不安，语言
不出。
乌梅（八钱） 罂粟壳（二斤，去斤蜜炙） 为末，每服二钱，煎乌梅汤调下，不拘时。
宁肺汤 治荣卫俱虚，发热自汗，或喘急咳嗽唾脓。
人参 当归 白术（炒） 川芎 熟地黄（制如前） 白芍药 五味子（捣炒） 麦门冬（去
心）
分，食后服。
知母茯苓汤 治肺痿喘嗽不已，往来寒热自汗。
茯苓 黄芩（炒，各二钱） 甘草（炙） 知母（炒） 五味子（捣炒） 人参 桔梗 薄荷
半夏
一剂，水二钟，姜三片，煎一钟，食后服。
人参平肺散 治心火克肺，传为肺痿，咳嗽喘呕，痰涎壅盛，胸膈痞满，咽嗌不
人参 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙） 地骨皮（各五分） 茯苓 知母（炒，各七分） 五味子（
捣
，食后服。
人参养肺汤 治肺痿咳嗽有痰，午后热，并声飒者。
人参 五味子（捣炒） 贝母（去心） 柴胡（各四分） 桔梗（炒） 茯苓（各一钱五分） 甘
草
剂，水一钟半，姜三片，枣一枚，煎八分，食后服。
栀子仁汤 治肺痿发热潮热，或发狂烦躁，面赤咽痛。
栀子仁 赤芍药 大青叶 知母（炒，各七分） 黄芩（炒） 石膏（ ） 杏仁（去皮尖炒）
升麻（各一钱半） 柴胡（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 豆豉（百粒） 作一剂，水一钟，煎八分，食
远
黄连解毒汤（方见疮疡作呕门）
甘桔汤 治肺气壅热，胸膈不利，咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛。
甘草 苦梗（各五钱） 作一剂，水一钟半，煎八分，食远服。
地骨皮散 治骨蒸潮热，自汗，咳吐腥秽稠痰。
人参 地骨皮 柴胡 黄 生地黄（各一钱半） 白茯苓 知母（炒） 石膏（ 各一钱）
作一剂，水二钟，煎八分，食远服。
肾气丸 治肾气素虚，不交于心，津液不降，败浊为痰，致咳逆。
干山药（四两） 吴茱萸（去核，四两，酒洗） 泽泻（蒸） 牡丹皮（白者佳） 白茯苓（各
三两）
，丸如梧子大，每服五六十丸，空心滚汤送下，盐汤温酒皆可。
八珍汤（方见溃疡发热门）
加味理中汤 治肺胃俱寒，发热不已。
甘草（炙） 半夏（姜制） 茯苓 干姜（炮） 白术（炒） 橘红 细辛 五味子（捣炒） 人
参（各五分） 作一剂，水一钟，煎六分，食远服。
喘促咳嗽、气急且胸中胀满的，应当采用解表发散的方法治疗；咳嗽并伴有发热的，应当采用和解的方法治疗；咳嗽且胸膈部位隐隐作痛，吐出的涎沫带有腥臭味的，适宜使用排脓的方法；喘促急促、神志恍惚且痰多者，适宜平抑肺气；吐出脓液，脉象短而涩的，适宜补益正气。
有一个男子出现喘咳，脉象紧数，服用一剂小青龙汤后，表证已经解除。接着服用葶苈大枣汤，喘息停止。最后服用桔梗汤而痊愈。
有一个男子咳嗽气急，胸膈胀满，睡眠不安稳。服用葶苈散，服两次后症状稍有好转，再服用桔梗汤而病愈。
有一个男子咳嗽，项部僵硬、气促，脉象浮而紧。服用参苏饮，服两剂后症状稍减，再服用桔梗汤，服四剂而痊愈。
有一个男子咳嗽，两侧胁肋胀满，咽干口燥，咳嗽时吐出腥臭之物。服用桔梗汤，服四剂后吐出脓液；再服用排脓散，服数次后脓止，最后服用补阴托里的药剂而病愈。
有一个男子咳嗽且脓液不止，脉象未退，各种药物无效，病情非常危急。使用拓黄丸，服一次后症状稍减，再服一次后症状顿然消退，服数次后痊愈。
有一个妇人吐出脓液，五心烦热，口干胸闷。服用四顺散，服三剂后症状稍止；再服用排脓散，服数次后安定。
有一个男子因劳累导致咳嗽不止，项部僵硬且疼痛，脉象微紧而数，这是肺痈。此时脓尚未形成，我打算使用托里益气的药物。如果肺气虚弱，则腠理（皮肤毛孔及肌肉间隙）不致密，皮毛失去光泽。肺受损伤，则皮毛纹理错乱。所以患肺痈、肺痿、肠痈的人，必定导致外邪不能解除，大多是因为腠理不致密，而邪气再次侵入。如果专门使用发表（发汗）的方法，则腠理更加虚损，邪气更容易进入，反而成为败症。应当诊察脉象，邪气在表的，只应当和解并充实腠理。乘虚复入的邪气，也应当和解，兼以充实腠理，所以使用托里益气的药物。如果小便赤涩，是肺热传变所致；小便短少是肺气虚。因为肺为母脏，肾为子脏，母脏虚不能生子脏的缘故。也有小便频数的，也是肺虚不能制约的缘故。
有一个男子面色白、精神疲惫，咳嗽且胸膈隐隐作痛，脉象滑数。我认为这是肺痈，打算使用桔梗汤。患者不信，仍然服用解表药，经过几剂内服药后痊愈。大抵劳伤血气，则腠理不致密，风邪侵袭肺脏，风热相互搏结，蕴积不散，必定导致喘嗽。如果误用汗法、下法过度，则津液严重亡失，于是形成这种病症。如果寸脉数而虚的，是肺痿；数而实的，是肺痈。脉象微紧而数的，是没有脓；脉象紧长而数的，是有脓了。吐出脓液后自然停止，脉短且面色白的，容易治疗；脓液不止，脉洪大且面色红的，难以治愈。如果在早期治疗还可以挽救，脓成之后就来不及了。《金匮要略》方论：论述热在上焦的，因咳嗽导致肺痿，有的从汗出而来，有的从呕吐而来，有的从消渴而来，小便频数，有的从大便难而来。又因为他们使用泻下药过于峻猛，严重亡失津液，所以寸脉数，其人干燥咳嗽，胸中隐隐时常疼痛，脉反滑数，这是肺痈。咳嗽吐脓血，脉数而虚的，是肺痿；数而实的，是肺痈。
有一个童子禀赋不足，患肺痈，吐出腥臭的脓液，皮毛枯槁，脉浮，按之涩，更无力，我用钟乳粉汤治疗他。
有一个男子患病，形证都相同，只是咽喉有时发痒，痰多胁痛，难以睡卧。我用紫菀茸汤治疗他，一并痊愈。
一个体弱的人咳脓，傍晚发热，夜间盗汗，脉浮数而紧。用人参五味子汤，服数次后症状顿然消退，再用紫菀茸汤，月余而痊愈。
有一个男子肾气素来虚弱，咳嗽吐痰涎，小便色赤，服用肾气丸而痊愈。
有一个仆人年过三十，咳嗽长久不愈，气壅不利，睡卧不宁，咯吐脓血，身体非常虚弱可怕，他的主人已经放弃他了。我因为……（原文此处有缺漏或语意中断，根据上下文推测意为：若不用散性涩之药，何以得愈？或者指前文提到的某种情况）。
有一个男子患肺痿，咳嗽喘急，吐痰腥臭，胸满咽干，脉洪数。用人参平肺散六剂，以及饮用童子小便（注：原文“饮童子小”似有脱字，结合下文“肺痿肺痈...尤效”，通常指童便），对于肺痿肺痈，发热口渴者，尤其有效。
有一个妇人患肺痿咳嗽，吐痰腥臭，傍晚发热，脉数无力。用地骨皮散治疗，热止；再用人参养肺汤，月余而安定。
有一个男子咳嗽喘急，发热烦躁，面赤咽痛，脉洪大。用黄连解毒汤，服两剂后稍退，再用栀子汤，服四剂而安定。
一个妇人咳嗽无痰且咽痛，傍晚发热，脉浮数。先用甘桔汤稍愈，后用地骨皮散热退；再用肾气丸及八珍汤加柴胡、地骨皮、牡丹皮而痊愈。丹溪说：咳嗽而无痰的，这是火郁的证候，以及痰郁火邪在中，用苦桔梗开之，下面用补阴降火的药剂，如果不愈，则成为劳嗽，这种证候不得志的人多有发生。又《原病式》说：人瘦的，腠理疏通而多汗，血液衰少而为燥，所以成为劳嗽的疾病。
有一个男子年前患肺痈，后来又患咳嗽，头眩吐沫，饮食少思，小便频数。服用解散化痰药，没有反应。此时尚未成痈。投以加味理中汤四剂，诸证已退大半，再用钟乳粉汤而安定。河间说：《金匮要略》说：肺痿属热，如咳嗽，又肺瘪声哑，声嘶咯血，这属于阴虚热甚的情况。本论治疗肺痿吐涎沫而不咳的，其人不觉渴，必定遗尿，小便数，这是因为上虚不能制下缘故。这是肺中冷，必定眩晕，多涎唾。用炙……（原文此处似乎有缺失，接下文）补阴虚火热不同，这都是应该分别治疗的，所以肺痿又有寒热之异。
附方
青龙汤 治疗肺经受寒，咳嗽喘急。
半夏（汤泡七次，二两半） 干姜（炮） 细辛 麻黄（去节） 肉桂 芍药 甘草（炙，各三两） 五味子（二两，捣炒） 每服五钱，水一钟，姜二片，煎七分，食后服。
葶苈大枣泻肺汤 治疗肺痈胸膈胀满，上气喘急，或身面浮肿，鼻塞声重。
葶苈炒令黄色，研末，每服三钱，用水二钟，枣十枚，煎八分，去枣入药，煎七分，食后服。
升麻汤 治疗肺痈，胸乳间皆痛，口吐脓腥臭。
川升麻 苦梗（炒） 薏苡仁 地榆 黄芩（炒） 赤芍药（炒） 牡丹皮（去心） 生甘草（各一钱） 作一剂，水二钟，煎八分，食远服。
参苏饮 治疗感冒风邪，咳嗽，涕唾稠粘，或发热头痛，或头目不清，胸膈不利。
木香 苏叶 葛根（姜制） 前胡 半夏（汤泡七次） 人参 茯苓（各七分） 枳壳（麸炒） 桔……（原文此处截断，通常为桔梗等）
桔梗汤 治疗咳而胸满隐痛，两……（原文截断，通常为两胁）肿满，咽干口燥，烦闷多渴，时出浊唾腥臭。
桔梗（炒） 贝母（去心） 当归（酒浸） 栝蒌仁 枳壳（麸炒） 薏苡仁（微炒） 桑白皮（炒） ……（原文截断，后续可能有其他药材） 苈（炒） 地骨皮 知母（炒） 杏仁（各五分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎七分，不拘时，温服。咳加百药煎；热加黄芩；大便不利，加煨大黄少许；小便涩甚，加木通、车前子；烦躁加白茅根；咳而痛甚，加人参、白芷。
排脓散 治疗肺痈吐脓后，宜服此排脓补肺。
嫩黄……（原文截断，通常为黄芪） （盐水拌炒） 白芷 五味子（研炒） 人参（各等分） 为细末，每服三钱，食后，蜜汤调下。
四顺散 治疗肺痈吐脓，五心烦热，壅闷咳嗽。
贝母（去心） 紫菀（去苗） 桔梗（炒，各钱半） 甘草（七分） 作一剂，水二钟，煎八分，食远服。如咳嗽加杏仁。亦可为末，白汤调服。
如圣柘黄丸 治疗肺痈咳而腥臭，或唾脓瘀。不问脓成否，并效。肺家虽有方，惟此方功效甚捷，不可忽之。
柘黄（一两，为末） 百齿霜（即梳垢，三钱） 用糊为丸，如梧子大，每服三五丸，米饮下。柘黄，乃柘树所生者，其色黄，状灵芝，江南最多，北方鲜有。
葶苈散 治疗过食煎爆，或饮酒过度，致肺壅喘不卧，及肺痈浊唾腥臭。
甜葶苈 桔梗（炒） 栝蒌仁 川升麻 薏苡仁 桑白皮（炙） 葛根（各一钱） 甘草（炙，五分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，食后服。
钟乳粉散 治疗肺气虚久嗽，皮毛枯槁，唾血腥臭，或喘之不已。
钟乳粉（ 炼熟） 桑白皮（蜜炙） 紫苏 麦门冬（去心，各五分） 作一剂，水一钟，姜三片，枣一枚，煎六分，食后服。
紫菀茸汤 治疗饮食过度，或煎爆伤肺，咳嗽咽干，吐痰唾血，喘急胁痛，不得安……（原文截断）
紫菀茸（去苗，一钱） 犀角（镑末） 甘草（炙） 人参（各五分） 桑叶（用经霜者） 款冬花……（原文截断） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，入犀角末，食后服。
人参五味子汤 治疗气血劳伤，咳脓，或咯血，寒热往来，夜出虚汗，羸瘦困乏，一切虚损之证并治。
人参 五味子（酒炒） 前胡 桔梗（炒） 白术（炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 陈皮（去白） 熟地黄……（原文截断） 枳壳（去穣炒） 柴胡（各七分） 作一剂，水一钟半，生姜三片，煎八分，食后服。
宁肺散（一名宁神散） 治疗久嗽渐咯脓血，胸膈不利，咳嗽痰盛，坐卧不安，语言不出。
乌梅（八钱） 罂粟壳（二斤，去斤蜜炙） 为末，每服二钱，煎乌梅汤调下，不拘时。
宁肺汤 治疗荣卫俱虚，发热自汗，或喘急咳嗽唾脓。
人参 当归 白术（炒） 川芎 熟地黄（制如前） 白芍药 五味子（捣炒） 麦门冬（去心）……（原文截断） 分，食后服。
知母茯苓汤 治疗肺痿喘嗽不已，往来寒热自汗。
茯苓 黄芩（炒，各二钱） 甘草（炙） 知母（炒） 五味子（捣炒） 人参 桔梗 薄荷……（原文截断） 半夏……（原文截断） 一剂，水二钟，姜三片，煎一钟，食后服。
人参平肺散 治疗心火克肺，传为肺痿，咳嗽喘呕，痰涎壅盛，胸膈痞满，咽嗌不……（原文截断）
人参 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙） 地骨皮（各五分） 茯苓 知母（炒，各七分） 五味子（捣……（原文截断） ，食后服。
人参养肺汤 治疗肺痿咳嗽有痰，午后热，并声飒者。
人参 五味子（捣炒） 贝母（去心） 柴胡（各四分） 桔梗（炒） 茯苓（各一钱五分） 甘……（原文截断） 剂，水一钟半，姜三片，枣一枚，煎八分，食后服。
栀子仁汤 治疗肺痿发热潮热，或发狂烦躁，面赤咽痛。
栀子仁 赤芍药 大青叶 知母（炒，各七分） 黄芩（炒） 石膏（ ） 杏仁（去皮尖炒） 升麻（各一钱半） 柴胡（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 豆豉（百粒） 作一剂，水一钟，煎八分，食远……（原文截断）
甘桔汤 治疗肺气壅热，胸膈不利，咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛。
甘草 苦梗（各五钱） 作一剂，水一钟半，煎八分，食远服。
地骨皮散 治疗骨蒸潮热，自汗，咳吐腥秽稠痰。
人参 地骨皮 柴胡 黄……（原文截断，通常为黄芪） 生地黄（各一钱半） 白茯苓 知母（炒） 石膏（ ） 各一钱） 作一剂，水二钟，煎八分，食远服。
肾气丸 治疗肾气素虚，不交于心，津液不降，败浊为痰，致咳逆。
干山药（四两） 吴茱萸（去核，四两，酒洗） 泽泻（蒸） 牡丹皮（白者佳） 白茯苓（各三两）……（原文截断，通常为桂枝、附子等），丸如梧子大，每服五六十丸，空心滚汤送下，盐汤温酒皆可。
加味理中汤 治疗肺胃俱寒，发热不已。
甘草（炙） 半夏（姜制） 茯苓 干姜（炮） 白术（炒） 橘红 细辛 五味子（捣炒） 人参（各五分） 作一剂，水一钟，煎六分，食远服。
For cases of panting, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest fullness, apply the method of releasing the exterior (releasing the surface). For cases of coughing accompanied by fever, apply the method of harmonizing. For cases of coughing with dull pain in the chest and diaphragm, and expectoration of saliva with a fishy odor, pus-draining methods are appropriate. For cases of rapid breathing, mental confusion, and profuse phlegm, calming the Lung Qi is appropriate. For cases of expectorating pus with a short and choppy pulse, tonification is appropriate.
A male patient presented with panting and coughing, with a tight and rapid pulse. After one dose of Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction), the exterior symptoms resolved. Subsequently, Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Decoction to Drain the Lung) was administered, stopping the panting. Finally, Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) cured him.
A male patient suffered from coughing, shortness of breath, chest and diaphragmatic distension, and restless sleep. After two doses of Ting Li San (Descurainia Powder), symptoms improved slightly; further treatment with Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) led to recovery.
A male patient presented with coughing, neck stiffness, shortness of breath, and a floating, tight pulse. After two doses of Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink), symptoms decreased slightly; subsequent treatment with Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) for four doses resulted in recovery.
A male patient suffered from coughing, distension in both hypochondriac regions, dry throat and mouth, and expectoration of foul-smelling sputum. After four doses of Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction), pus was expectorated; after several doses of Pai Nong San (Pus-Draining Powder), pus discharge stopped. Finally, treatment with formulas that nourish Yin and support the interior cured him.
A male patient continued to cough up pus with an unsubsided pulse, and various medications were ineffective; his condition was critical. Tuohuang Wan (Zelkova Yellow Pill) was used. After one dose, symptoms improved slightly; after another dose, symptoms subsided abruptly; after several doses, he recovered.
A female patient expectorated pus, experienced five-palm heat (heat in the palms, soles, and chest), dry mouth, and chest oppression. After three doses of Si Shun San (Four-Harmony Powder), symptoms subsided slightly; after several doses of Pai Nong San (Pus-Draining Powder), she stabilized.
A male patient suffered from continuous coughing due to overwork, with neck stiffness and pain, and a faintly tight, rapid pulse. This was Lung Abscess (Fei Yong). Since pus had not yet formed, I intended to use formulas that support the interior and benefit Qi. If Lung Qi is deficient, the interstices (cou li) are not dense, and the skin and hair lack luster. If the Lung is injured, the texture of the skin and hair becomes disordered. Therefore, patients suffering from Lung Abscess, Lung Withering, or Intestinal Abscess inevitably fail to resolve external pathogens, mostly because their interstices are not dense, allowing pathogens to re-enter. Using only exterior-releasing methods makes the interstices more deficient, allowing pathogens to enter more easily, resulting in a deteriorating condition. One should diagnose the pulse: if the pathogen is at the exterior, one should only harmonize and strengthen the interstices. For pathogens re-entering due to deficiency, one should also harmonize and strengthen the interstices, thus using formulas that support the interior and benefit Qi. Reddish and scanty urination indicates transmission of Lung Heat; short and scanty urination indicates Lung Qi deficiency. The Lung is the Mother organ, and the Kidney is the Child organ; maternal deficiency cannot generate the child. There are also cases of frequent urination, which is due to Lung deficiency failing to control and restrain.
A male patient had a pale complexion and fatigued spirit, with coughing and dull pain in the chest and diaphragm, and a slippery, rapid pulse. I diagnosed this as Lung Abscess (Fei Yong) and intended to use Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction). He did not believe this and continued taking exterior-releasing medicines. After several doses of internal medicines, he recovered. Generally, labor injury to Blood and Qi causes the interstices to be non-dense; Wind Pathogen attacks the Lung, and Wind-Heat struggle and accumulate without dispersing, inevitably leading to panting and coughing. If sweating and purging methods are misused excessively, Body Fluids are severely lost, forming this syndrome. If the Cun (inch) pulse is rapid and deficient, it is Lung Withering (Fei Wei); if rapid and excess, it is Lung Abscess (Fei Yong). A faintly tight and rapid pulse indicates no pus yet; a tight, long, and rapid pulse indicates pus has formed. If pus expectoration stops naturally, the pulse is short, and the complexion is white, it is easy to treat; if pus continues, the pulse is surging and large, and the complexion is red, it is difficult to treat. Early treatment can save the patient; once pus forms, it is too late. The *Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: Heat in the Upper Jiao leads to Lung Withering through coughing, caused by sweating, vomiting, Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) with frequent urination, or constipation. Furthermore, harsh purgatives cause severe loss of Body Fluids, resulting in a rapid Cun pulse, dry cough, occasional dull chest pain, and a slippery, rapid pulse; this is Lung Abscess. Coughing with pus and blood, with a rapid and deficient pulse, is Lung Withering; with a rapid and excess pulse, it is Lung Abscess.
A young boy with constitutional insufficiency suffered from Lung Abscess, expectorating foul-smelling pus, with withered skin and hair, a floating pulse that was choppy and weak upon pressure. I treated him with Zhong Ru Fen Tang (Stalactite Powder Decoction).
A male patient presented with identical signs and symptoms, except for occasional throat itching, profuse phlegm, hypochondriac pain, and difficulty sleeping. I treated him with Zi Wan Rong Tang (Aster Root Downy Decoction), and he recovered completely.
A frail patient expectorated pus, with afternoon fever and night sweats, and a floating, rapid, and tight pulse. Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang (Ginseng and Schisandra Decoction) was used; after several doses, symptoms subsided abruptly. Zi Wan Rong Tang (Aster Root Downy Decoction) was then used, and he recovered after a month.
A male patient with constitutionally weak Kidney Qi coughed up salivary fluid, with reddish urine. He was cured by Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill).
A servant over thirty years old suffered from chronic cough, Qi stagnation and obstruction, restless sleep, and expectoration of pus and blood. His condition was extremely deficient and alarming, and his master had already abandoned him. [Text fragment missing].
A male patient suffered from Lung Withering, with coughing, panting, foul-smelling sputum, chest fullness, dry throat, and a surging, rapid pulse. Ren Shen Ping Fei San (Ginseng Lung-Calming Powder) was administered for six doses, along with drinking童子小便 (Child's Urine). This is particularly effective for Lung Withering and Lung Abscess with fever and thirst.
A female patient suffered from Lung Withering and coughing, with foul-smelling sputum, afternoon fever, and a rapid, forceless pulse. Di Gu Pi San (Lycium Bark Powder) was used to stop the fever; Ren Shen Yang Fei Tang (Ginseng Lung-Nourishing Decoction) was then used, and she stabilized after a month.
A male patient suffered from coughing, panting, fever, irritability, red face, sore throat, and a surging, large pulse. Huang Lian Jie Du Tang (Coptis Decoction to Resolve Toxicity) was used; after two doses, symptoms subsided slightly. Zhi Zi Tang (Gardenia Decoction) was then used for four doses, leading to stability.
A female patient coughed without phlegm, had a sore throat, afternoon fever, and a floating, rapid pulse. Gan Jie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) was used first for slight improvement; Di Gu Pi San (Lycium Bark Powder) was then used to reduce the fever. Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill) and Ba Zhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) added with Chai Hu, Di Gu Pi, and Mu Dan Pi were used subsequently for recovery. Danxi stated: Coughing without phlegm is a syndrome of Fire Stagnation, where Phlegm and Fire Pathogens are stagnant in the middle. Use Ku Jing (Bitter Platycodon) to open them, and below, use formulas that nourish Yin and descend Fire. If this does not cure it, it becomes Labor Cough (Lao Sou). This syndrome is common among those who are frustrated. The *Yuan Bing Shi* states: Thin people have loose interstices and sweat easily; their Blood is deficient and dry, thus becoming susceptible to Labor Cough.
A male patient suffered from Lung Abscess the previous year, followed by coughing, dizziness, expectoration of saliva, poor appetite, and frequent urination. Exterior-releasing and Phlegm-resolving medicines were ineffective. Pus had not yet formed. Jia Wei Li Zhong Tang (Modified Regulate the Middle Decoction) was administered for four doses; most symptoms subsided by more than half. Zhong Ru Fen Tang (Stalactite Powder Decoction) was then used for stabilization. Hejian stated: The *Jin Gui* says: Lung Withering belongs to Heat. Cases involving cough, lung atrophy, hoarseness, and hemoptysis belong to Yin Deficiency with severe Heat. The main text treats Lung Withering with expectoration of saliva but no cough, where the patient is not thirsty, must experience enuresis and frequent urination, due to upper deficiency failing to control the lower. This is Cold in the Lung, inevitably causing dizziness and profuse saliva. [Text fragment missing] treating Yin Deficiency and Fire Excess are different; all these require separate treatments, hence Lung Withering has distinctions between Cold and Heat.
Attached Formulas
Qing Long Tang (Blue Dragon Decoction): Treats Lung Meridian affected by Cold, with coughing and panting.
Ban Xia (Soaked in hot water seven times, 2.5 liang), Gan Jiang (Pao), Xi Xin, Ma Huang (Remove joints), Rou Gui, Shao Yao, Gan Cao (Zhi, each 3 liang), Wu Wei Zi (2 liang, crushed and stir-fried). Take 5 qian per dose, with 1 zhong of water and 2 slices of ginger, decoct to 7 fen, take after meals.
Ting Li Da Zao Xie Fei Tang (Descurainia Seed and Jujube Decoction to Drain the Lung): Treats Lung Abscess with chest/diaphragm distension, upper body panting/shortness of breath, or edema of body/face, nasal congestion, and heavy voice.
Ting Li (Stir-fry until yellow, grind to powder). Take 3 qian per dose, with 2 zhongs of water and 10 jujubes, decoct to 8 fen, remove jujubes, add medicine, decoct to 7 fen, take after meals.
Sheng Ma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction): Treats Lung Abscess with pain in chest/breast area, and expectoration of foul-smelling pus.
Chuan Sheng Ma, Ku Jing (Stir-fry), Yi Yi Ren, Di Yu, Huang Qin (Stir-fry), Chi Shao Yao (Stir-fry), Mu Dan Pi (Remove heart), Sheng Gan Cao (each 1 qian). Make one dose, with 2 zhongs of water, decoct to 8 fen, take far from meals.
Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink): Treats Cold-Dampness/Wind Pathogen invasion, coughing, thick sticky sputum, or fever/headache, unclear head/eyes, or chest/diaphragm obstruction.
Mu Xiang, Su Ye, Ge Gen (Jiang Zhi), Qian Hu, Ban Xia (Soaked in hot water seven times), Ren Shen, Fu Ling (each 7 fen), Zhi Ke (Bran stir-fry), Jie... [Text cuts off]
Jie Geng Tang (Platycodon Decoction): Treats cough with chest fullness and dull pain, swelling/distension in both... [Text cuts off], dry throat/mouth, restlessness, polydipsia, and intermittent expectoration of turbid, foul-smelling saliva.
Jie Geng (Stir-fry), Bei Mu (Remove heart), Dang Gui (Wine soak), Gua Lou Ren, Zhi Ke (Bran stir-fry), Yi Yi Ren (Light stir-fry), Sang Bai Pi (Stir-fry)... [Text cuts off], Li (Stir-fry), Di Gu Pi, Zhi Mu (Stir-fry), Xing Ren (each 5 fen). Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water and 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 7 fen, take warm at any time. Add Bai Yao Jian for cough; add Huang Qin for heat; add roasted Da Huang for constipation; add Mu Tong and Che Qian Zi for severe urinary obstruction; add Bai Mao Gen for irritability; add Ren Shen and Bai Zhi for severe cough pain.
Pai Nong San (Pus-Draining Powder): To be taken after expectorating pus in Lung Abscess to drain pus and tonify the Lung.
Nen Huang... [Text cuts off, likely Huang Qi] (Salt water stir-fry), Bai Zhi, Wu Wei Zi (Crushed and stir-fry), Ren Shen (equal parts). Grind to fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose after meals, mixed with honey water.
Si Shun San (Four-Harmony Powder): Treats Lung Abscess with pus expectoration, five-palm heat, and oppressive coughing.
Bei Mu (Remove heart), Zi Wan (Remove roots), Jie Geng (Stir-fry, each 1.5 qian), Gan Cao (7 fen). Make one dose, with 2 zhongs of water, decoct to 8 fen, take far from meals. Add Xing Ren if coughing. Can also be made into powder, taken with warm water.
Ru Sheng Zhe Huang Wan (Like-Sage Zelkova Yellow Pill): Treats Lung Abscess with cough and foul smell, or expectoration of pus and stasis. Effective regardless of whether pus has formed. Although there are other formulas for the Lung, this one is very swift in effect and should not be ignored.
Zhe Huang (1 liang, powder), Bai Chi Shuang (Comb scale dirt, 3 qian). Make pills with paste, size of Wuzi seeds. Take 3-5 pills with rice drink. Zhe Huang grows on Zelkua trees, is yellow, resembles Ganoderma, is abundant in Jiangnan, rare in the North.
Ting Li San (Descurainia Powder): Treats Lung obstruction with panting and inability to lie down, and Lung Abscess with turbid, foul-smelling sputum, caused by excessive consumption of fried/spicy foods or alcohol.
Tian Ting Li, Jie Geng (Stir-fry), Gua Lou Ren, Chuan Sheng Ma, Yi Yi Ren, Sang Bai Pi (Zhi), Ge Gen (each 1 qian), Gan Cao (Zhi, 5 fen). Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water and 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 8 fen, take after meals.
Zhong Ru Fen San (Stalactite Powder): Treats chronic cough due to Lung Qi deficiency, withered skin/hair, bloody/foul sputum, or intractable panting.
Zhong Ru Fen (Refined/cooked), Sang Bai Pi (Honey stir-fry), Zi Su, Mai Men Dong (Remove heart, each 5 fen). Make one dose, with 1 zhong of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 1 jujube, decoct to 6 fen, take after meals.
Zi Wan Rong Tang (Aster Root Downy Decoction): Treats cough, dry throat, expectoration of phlegm/blood, panting, hypochondriac pain, and restlessness caused by overeating or lung injury from fried/spicy foods.
Zi Wan Rong (Remove roots, 1 qian), Xi Jiao (Sliced powder), Gan Cao (Zhi), Ren Shen (each 5 fen), Sang Ye (Frost-exposed), Kuan Dong Hua... [Text cuts off]. Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water and 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 8 fen, add Xi Jiao powder, take after meals.
Ren Shen Wu Wei Zi Tang (Ginseng and Schisandra Decoction): Treats Qi/Blood labor injury, coughing pus, hemoptysis, alternating chills/fever, night sweats, emaciation, fatigue, and all deficiency syndromes.
Ren Shen, Wu Wei Zi (Wine stir-fry), Qian Hu, Jie Geng (Stir-fry), Bai Zhu (Stir-fry), Bai Fu Ling (Peel), Chen Pi (Remove white), Shu Di Huang... [Text cuts off], Zhi Ke (Remove pith, stir-fry), Chai Hu (each 7 fen). Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water and 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 8 fen, take after meals.
Ning Fei San (One name: Ning Shen San): Treats chronic cough gradually expectorating pus/blood, chest/diaphragm obstruction, profuse cough/phlegm, restless sitting/sleeping, and inability to speak.
Wu Mei (8 qian), Ying Su Ke (2 jin, remove pith, honey stir-fry). Grind to powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with Wu Mei decoction, at any time.
Ning Fei Tang: Treats deficiency of Ying and Wei, fever, spontaneous sweating, or panting/coughing with pus expectoration.
Ren Shen, Dang Gui, Bai Zhu (Stir-fry), Chuan Xiong, Shu Di Huang (Prepared as before), Bai Shao Yao, Wu Wei Zi (Crushed and stir-fry), Mai Men Dong (Remove heart)... [Text cuts off], take after meals.
Zhi Mu Fu Ling Tang (Anemarrhena and Poria Decoction): Treats intractable panting/coughing in Lung Withering, alternating chills/fever, and spontaneous sweating.
Fu Ling, Huang Qin (Stir-fry, each 2 qian), Gan Cao (Zhi), Zhi Mu (Stir-fry), Wu Wei Zi (Crushed and stir-fry), Ren Shen, Jie Geng, Bo He... [Text cuts off], Ban Xia... [Text cuts off]. Make one dose, with 2 zhongs of water and 3 slices of ginger, decoct to 1 zhong, take after meals.
Ren Shen Ping Fei San: Treats Heart Fire overcoming the Lung, transmitting to Lung Withering, with coughing, panting/vomiting, profuse phlegm/saliva, chest/diaphragm stuffiness, and throat obstruction... [Text cuts off].
Ren Shen, Chen Pi (Remove white), Gan Cao (Zhi), Di Gu Pi (each 5 fen), Fu Ling, Zhi Mu (Stir-fry, each 7 fen), Wu Wei Zi (Crushed... [Text cuts off]), take after meals.
Ren Shen Yang Fei Tang: Treats Lung Withering with coughing and phlegm, afternoon fever, and hoarse voice.
Ren Shen, Wu Wei Zi (Crushed and stir-fry), Bei Mu (Remove heart), Chai Hu (each 4 fen), Jie Geng (Stir-fry), Fu Ling (each 1.5 qian), Gan... [Text cuts off]. Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 1 jujube, decoct to 8 fen, take after meals.
Zhi Zi Ren Tang (Gardenia Kernel Decoction): Treats Lung Withering with fever/tidal fever, mania/irritability, red face, and sore throat.
Zhi Zi Ren, Chi Shao Yao, Da Qing Ye, Zhi Mu (Stir-fry, each 7 fen), Huang Qin (Stir-fry), Shi Gao (...), Xing Ren (Remove skin/point, stir-fry), Sheng Ma (each 1.5 qian), Chai Hu (2 qian), Gan Cao (1 qian), Dou Chi (100 grains). Make one dose, with 1 zhong of water, decoct to 8 fen, take far from meals... [Text cuts off].
Huang Lian Jie Du Tang (See section on Ulcer Vomiting)
Gan Jie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction): Treats Lung Qi obstruction with Heat, chest/diaphragm obstruction, sore/swollen throat, and profuse phlegm/saliva.
Gan Cao, Ku Jing (each 5 qian). Make one dose, with 1.5 zhongs of water, decoct to 8 fen, take far from meals.
Di Gu Pi San (Lycium Bark Powder): Treats bone-steaming tidal fever, spontaneous sweating, and expectoration of foul/thick phlegm.
Ren Shen, Di Gu Pi, Chai Hu, Huang... [Text cuts off, likely Huang Qi], Sheng Di Huang (each 1.5 qian), Bai Fu Ling, Zhi Mu (Stir-fry), Shi Gao (...) (each 1 qian). Make one dose, with 2 zhongs of water, decoct to 8 fen, take far from meals.
Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill): Treats constitutionally weak Kidney Qi, failure to interact with the Heart, descending failure of Body Fluids, transformation of turbid waste into Phlegm, leading to cough/reversal.
Gan Shan Yao (4 liang), Wu Zhu Yu (Remove core, 4 liang, wine wash), Ze Xie (Steam), Mu Dan Pi (White is best), Bai Fu Ling (each 3 liang)... [Text cuts off], make pills size of Wuzi seeds. Take 50-60 pills on an empty stomach with boiling water, salt water, or warm wine.
Ba Zhen Tang (See section on Ulcer Fever)
Jia Wei Li Zhong Tang (Modified Regulate the Middle Decoction): Treats simultaneous Cold of Lung and Stomach with persistent fever.
Gan Cao (Zhi), Ban Xia (Jiang Zhi), Fu Ling, Gan Jiang (Pao), Bai Zhu (Stir-fry), Ju Hong, Xi Xin, Wu Wei Zi (Crushed and stir-fry), Ren Shen (each 5 fen). Make one dose, with 1 zhong of water, decoct to 6 fen, take far from meals.