补膀胱药。即补肾之药。肾气化则小便自行。
〔泻膀胱猛将〕羌活、麻黄、防己、木通、葶苈、猪苓〔次将〕独活、防风、蒲黄、
川楝子、前胡、 本、泽泻、葱
〔凉膀胱猛将〕甘遂、龙胆草〔次将〕车前子、茵陈、海金沙、川黄柏
〔温膀胱猛将〕吴茱萸〔次将〕乌药、茴香
假苏散 治气淋。
荆芥 陈皮 香附 炒麦芽 瞿麦 木通 赤苓（各二钱）
生地四物汤 治血淋。
生地（三钱） 归身 赤芍（各一钱五分） 川芎（一钱）
香苏散 桂枝汤 麻黄汤 止嗽散 益元散 补中益气汤 六味地黄丸 金匮肾
气丸 调胃承气汤（以上诸方俱见卷一） 十补丸 萆 厘清饮 阿胶散（三方见心部） 橘核丸（见肝部）
四苓散（见脾部） 滋肾丸（见肾部）
（足少阳属腑）
胆者。清虚之府。居半表半里之交。与肝为表里。气血足则胆气壮。气血虚则胆气怯。胆受邪
即阴阳交战。而寒热往来。故疟症之来不一。而总不离乎少阳也。然其担事之力。犹中正之
官。不偏不倚。决断出焉。
胆有表症。左关脉必浮而弦。其症为头汗。为寒热往来。
头汗者。寒邪将化火也。小柴胡汤加丹皮主之。寒热往来者。阴阳相争也。小柴胡汤主之。
胆之虚。左关脉必细软。其症为惊悸。为太息。
惊悸者。心血不足以壮之也。安神定志丸主之。太息者。气虚也。四君子汤主之。
胆之实。左关脉必洪。其症为胸满。为胁痛。为耳聋。
胸满者。邪气结聚也。小柴胡汤加枳壳、桔梗主之。胁痛者。邪入胆经。布之胁下也。小柴胡汤加山栀、
枳壳主之。耳聋者。气火上冲而闭也。逍遥散加蔓荆、石菖蒲、香附主之。或小柴胡汤。
胆之寒。脉左关必迟。其症为精滑。为呕吐。为舌苔滑。
精滑者。肢肿食少。心虚烦闷。坐卧不安。温胆汤主之。呕吐者。邪正相争也。小柴胡汤加藿香汤主之。
舌苔滑者。邪未化火也。二陈汤主之。
胆之热。脉左关必弦数。其症为口苦。为呕吐。为盗汗。为目眩。
口苦者。热在胆。胆汁泄也。小柴胡汤主之。呕吐者。胆移热于胃也。小柴胡汤加姜炒竹茹主之。盗
汗者。热开腠理也。小柴胡汤加丹皮主之。目眩者。胆附于肝。肝窍在目。热故眩也。小柴胡汤加山栀
主之。
补益膀胱的药物，就是补肾的药物。肾气充足气化正常，小便就能自行通畅。
【泻下膀胱的猛将药】羌活、麻黄、防己、木通、葶苈子、猪苓；【次将药】独活、防风、蒲黄、川楝子、前胡、藁本、泽泻、葱白。
【凉泄膀胱的猛将药】甘遂、龙胆草；【次将药】车前子、茵陈、海金沙、川黄柏。
【温补膀胱的猛将药】吴茱萸；【次将药】乌药、茴香。
假苏散：治疗气淋（以小便涩痛、尿有余沥为主要表现的病证）。
组成：荆芥、陈皮、香附、炒麦芽、瞿麦、木通、赤茯苓（各二钱）。
生地四物汤：治疗血淋（以小便热涩刺痛、尿色红赤或夹有血块为主要表现的病证）。
组成：生地黄（三钱）、当归身、赤芍（各一钱五分）、川芎（一钱）。
香苏散、桂枝汤、麻黄汤、止嗽散、益元散、补中益气汤、六味地黄丸、金匮肾气丸、调胃承气汤（以上各方均见于本书卷一）。
十补丸、萆薢分清饮、阿胶散（以上三方见于“心部”章节）。
橘核丸（见于“肝部”章节）。
四苓散（见于“脾部”章节）。
滋肾丸（见于“肾部”章节）。
（足少阳胆经属于腑）
胆是清净空虚之府，位于半表半里的交界位置，与肝互为表里。气血充足则胆气壮盛，气血虚弱则胆气怯懦。胆受到邪气侵袭，就会导致阴阳交战，出现寒热往来的症状。所以疟疾的症状虽然多种多样，但总离不开少阳经的病机。然而，胆在人体中承担事务的功能，犹如中正之官，不偏不倚，决断力由此产生。
胆有表证时，左手关脉必然浮而弦。其症状表现为头部出汗、寒热往来。
头部出汗，是因为寒邪即将化火。用小柴胡汤加牡丹皮为主治方。
寒热往来，是因为阴阳相互争斗。用小柴胡汤为主治方。
胆虚时，左手关脉必然细软。其症状表现为惊悸、太息（长叹气）。
惊悸，是因为心血不足以壮养胆气。用安神定志丸为主治方。
太息，是因为气虚。用四君子汤为主治方。
胆实时，左手关脉必然洪大。其症状表现为胸中胀满、胁肋疼痛、耳聋。
胸中胀满，是因为邪气结聚。用小柴胡汤加枳壳、桔梗为主治方。
胁肋疼痛，是因为邪气侵入胆经，散布于胁下。用小柴胡汤加山栀、枳壳为主治方。
耳聋，是因为气火上冲导致耳窍闭塞。用逍遥散加蔓荆子、石菖蒲、香附为主治方。或者用小柴胡汤。
胆寒时，左手关脉必然迟缓。其症状表现为遗精滑泄、呕吐、舌苔滑腻。
遗精滑泄，伴有肢体浮肿、食欲减退、心虚烦闷、坐卧不安。用温胆汤为主治方。
呕吐，是因为邪气与正气相争。用小柴胡汤加藿香汤为主治方。
舌苔滑腻，是因为邪气尚未化火。用二陈汤为主治方。
胆热时，左手关脉必然弦数。其症状表现为口苦、呕吐、盗汗、目眩。
口苦，是因为胆中有热，胆汁外泄。用小柴胡汤为主治方。
呕吐，是因为胆热移归于胃。用小柴胡汤加姜汁炒竹茹为主治方。
盗汗，是因为热邪打开腠理（皮肤毛孔）。用小柴胡汤加牡丹皮为主治方。
目眩，是因为胆附着于肝，肝开窍于目，热邪导致眩晕。用小柴胡汤加山栀为主治方。
Herbs for tonifying the Bladder are essentially herbs for tonifying the Kidney. When Kidney Qi transforms and moves, urination proceeds naturally.
[General Officers for Draining the Bladder] Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Tinglizi (Lepidii Semen seu Descurainiae Semen), Zhuling (Polyporus). [Lieutenant Officers] Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), Chuanlianzi (Toosendan Fructus), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Gaoben (Ligustici Chuanxiong-hao Radix), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus).
[General Officers for Cooling the Bladder] Gansui (Kansui Radix), Longdancao (Gentianae Radix). [Lieutenant Officers] Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Ychen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Haijinsha (Lygodii Spora), Chuanhuangbo (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex).
[General Officers for Warming the Bladder] Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). [Lieutenant Officers] Wuyao (Linderae Radix), Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus).
Jiasu San: Treats Qi Lin (Dysuria due to Qi stagnation, characterized by difficult and painful urination with a sensation of incomplete emptying).
Ingredients: Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Chao Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Qumai (Dianthi Herba), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Chi Ling (Poria cum Ligno) (each 2 qian).
Shengdi Siwu Tang: Treats Blood Lin (Dysuria due to Heat in the Lower Jiao, characterized by burning pain and red urine or blood clots).
Ingredients: Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix Recens) (3 qian), Guishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) (each 1.5 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (1 qian).
Xiangsu San, Guizhi Tang, Mahuang Tang, Zhisou San, Yiyuan San, Buzhong Yiqi Tang, Liuwei Dihuang Wan, Jin Gui Shenqi Wan, Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (all these formulas are described in Volume I).
Shibu Wan, Bixie Fenqing Yin, Ejiao San (these three formulas are described in the "Heart" section).
Juhe Wan (described in the "Liver" section).
Siling San (described in the "Spleen" section).
Zishen Wan (described in the "Kidney" section).
(The Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder belongs to the Fu organs).
The Gallbladder is a clear and hollow organ, situated at the junction of half-exterior and half-interior. It stands in an exterior-interior relationship with the Liver. When Qi and Blood are sufficient, Gallbladder Qi is robust; when Qi and Blood are deficient, Gallbladder Qi is timid. When the Gallbladder is invaded by pathogenic factors, it leads to a battle between Yin and Yang, resulting in alternating chills and fever. Therefore, although Malaria presents with various symptoms, it fundamentally involves the Shaoyang channel. However, its function in decision-making resembles that of the "Official of Justice," impartial and unbiased, from which courage and determination arise.
When there are Exterior symptoms of the Gallbladder, the pulse at the left Guan position will be floating and wiry. Symptoms include sweating on the head and alternating chills and fever.
Sweating on the head indicates that Cold pathogen is transforming into Fire. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex).
Alternating chills and fever indicate a struggle between Yin and Yang. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
When the Gallbladder is Deficient, the pulse at the left Guan position will be fine and soft. Symptoms include palpitations with fright and deep sighing.
Palpitations with fright occur because Heart Blood is insufficient to strengthen the Gallbladder. The main formula is Anshen Dingzhi Wan (Calming the Spirit and Settling Will Pill).
Deep sighing occurs due to Qi deficiency. The main formula is Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction).
When the Gallbladder is Excess, the pulse at the left Guan position will be surging. Symptoms include chest fullness, hypochondriac pain, and deafness.
Chest fullness is caused by the accumulation of pathogenic factors. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix).
Hypochondriac pain occurs because pathogenic factors have entered the Gallbladder meridian and spread to the hypochondrium. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus).
Deafness is caused by rebellious Qi and Fire blocking the orifices. The main formula is Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) plus Manjingzi (Vernoniae Semen), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), and Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma). Alternatively, use Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
When the Gallbladder is Cold, the pulse at the left Guan position will be slow. Symptoms include seminal emission, vomiting, and a slippery tongue coating.
Seminal emission is accompanied by edema of the limbs, poor appetite, heart deficiency with vexation, and restlessness in sitting or lying down. The main formula is Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction).
Vomiting is caused by the struggle between pathogenic factors and healthy Qi. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba).
A slippery tongue coating indicates that the pathogen has not yet transformed into Fire. The main formula is Erchen Tang (Two Aged Things Decoction).
When the Gallbladder is Hot, the pulse at the left Guan position will be wiry and rapid. Symptoms include bitter taste in the mouth, vomiting, night sweats, and vertigo.
Bitter taste in the mouth indicates Heat in the Gallbladder with leakage of bile. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
Vomiting occurs because Gallbladder Heat transfers to the Stomach. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Jiangchao Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings stir-fried with Ginger juice).
Night sweats occur because Heat opens the cou-li (skin pores). The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex).
Vertigo occurs because the Gallbladder is attached to the Liver, and the Liver opens into the eyes; Heat causes dizziness. The main formula is Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus).