【歌】五行各一火惟二，君相之火心肾是。或因喜怒忧恐悲，扰乱妄动名五志。肾经一水奚能胜，七火奔
腾何可制？因而阳盛阴常亏，所以丹溪把阴济。治火之法非一端，补虚泻实发郁滞。更有阳火阴火名，故立正
治与从治。河门推展火之机，泄漏轩岐千古秘。
【论】夫五行各一其性，惟火有二，君、相是也，此二火出于天成。又有五志过极，扰乱妄动，五脏之
火随起，名曰五志之火，出于人为。丹溪所谓一水不能胜七火，所以火之为病甚多。《内经》病机十九条，而
属火者五。河间又推展其说，火之致病甚悉。如∶喘嗽呕吐，暴注下迫，转筋，小便混浊，腹胀大，鼓之如鼓，
痈疽疡疹，瘿瘤结核，吐下霍乱，瞀郁肿胀，鼻窒鼽衄，血溢血泄，淋闭，身热，恶寒战栗，惊惑，悲笑谵妄，
衄蔑血污之病，皆手少阴君火之为病
也。如∶瞀螈暴喑，冒昧，躁扰狂越，骂詈惊骇， 肿酸疼，气逆冲上，禁栗如丧神守，嚏呕，疮疡喉痹，耳
鸣及聋，呕涌溢，食不下，目昧不明，暴注 ，暴病暴死，此皆属手少阳相火之为病也。然火病既非一端，
治法难拘一理，当审其虚实之候，究其受病之由，随其阴阳之性，委曲调治，则火易伏。否则，激薄其性，反
致燔灼，莫能御也。
【脉】虚火浮数，实火沉大，随其所见，细数为害。
君火
君火者，心火也，可以湿伏，可以水灭，可以直折，黄连解毒汤、三黄丸、栀子金花丸。实者可以硝、黄、
冰水正治。君火炽甚，用寒药直折其火，其火转甚者，须用姜汁或酒制炒，则火自伏，此寒因热用之法也。又
云∶心为君主，自焚则死，故多暴死之证。
黄连解毒汤
治三焦实火，内外皆热，烦渴溲赤，口舌生疮，便秘脉数者主之。
黄连（炒） 黄芩（炒） 黄柏（炒） 山栀（炒等分）
上，水煎，热服。水泛为丸，名栀子金花丸，茶汤吞下。
三黄丸
又名三补丸，即前方减去山栀是也。
按∶经曰∶壮火食气，少火生气。盖少火之火，无物不生，壮火之火，无物不耗，故少火宜升，壮火宜降。
故以黄芩清上，黄连清中，黄柏清下，则三焦之壮火自伏，而气得其生，血得其养矣，故曰“三补”。虽然，
火有虚实，是方但可以治实火，若虚者用之，则火反盛，谓降多亡阴也。
相火
相火者，龙火也。不可以直折，惟黄柏可以治之，随其
性而伏也。若以冰水寒凉正治，立死，宜大补阴丸、坎离丸。气从下而冲上者，内挟相火，肾水虚不能制之，
宜生地、丹皮、玄参、知母之类以壮水。
大补阴丸（方见虚损。）
坎离丸
一名滋肾丸，治肾火起于涌泉之下。
黄柏（十两，酒浸） 知母（六两，酒浸） 肉桂（五钱）
水丸，空心淡盐汤送下。
按∶是方知母、黄柏性味苦寒，水之属也，故能滋益肾水。肉桂辛热，火之属也，故能假之反佐，正所谓
坎离交，而为既济也。
郁火
郁火可发，当看何经。四肢发热，肌痹热，骨髓中发热如燎，扪之烙手，此血虚而得之也。或胃虚多食冷
物，抑遏阳气于脾土，升阳散火汤。手心热，属热郁，用火郁汤，或用栀子、香附、白芷、半夏、川芎，曲糊
丸服。若因醇酒浓味，膏粱积热者，清胃散主之。
升阳散火汤
治过食冷物，抑遏少阳之火，郁于脾部者。
升麻 干葛 独活 羌活（各五钱） 防风（二钱半） 柴胡（三钱） 人参 白芍药（五钱） 甘草
（半生半炙，六分）
每服五钱，水煎，热服。
按∶前方升、柴、羌、独、干葛、防风，皆辛温上行之物也，用之以升少阳之气。清阳既出上窍，浊阴自
归下窍，而食物传化，自无抑遏之患。芍药味酸，能泻土中之木。人参味甘，能补中州之气。生甘草能泻郁火
于脾，从而炙之，则健胃而和中矣。
火郁汤
即升阳散火汤去独活，加葱白是也。
清胃散
治醇酒浓味，致唇齿作痛，或齿龈溃烂，或连头面、颈项作痛。
升麻（二钱） 生地 丹皮 当归（各一钱） 黄连（炒，一钱半）
上，水煎服。加犀角、连翘、甘草，名加味清胃散。
五志之火
诸气 郁，属于肺火之升也。又，悲哀动中，则火起于肺。经云∶肺苦气上逆，急食苦以泻之，黄芩、葶
苈、苦酒之类是也，泻白散、清金丸主之。
诸风掉眩，属于肝火之升也。又，大怒，火起于肝。柴胡、黄连、龙胆草泻之，或回令丸。
诸湿肿满，属于脾火之动也。醉饱火起于脾，宜芍药、黄芩、石膏泻之。
诸痛痒疮疡，属于心火之动也。又，怵惕思虑，则火起于心。泻心汤、导赤散泻之。
诸逆冲上，属于肾火之升也。又，房劳则火起于肾。惟黄柏、知母顺其性而伏之。
泻白散
治肺火为患，喘满气急者主之。
桑白皮（一两） 地骨皮（一两） 甘草（五钱）
上为粗末，每服二钱，水一盏，煎六分，食前温服。
清金丸
治肺火。
黄芩不拘多少，炒，为末，水丸如绿豆，每服一钱。
泻青丸
治肝经风热实火。
羌活 防风 山栀（酒炒） 龙胆草（酒拌，蒸，晒） 当归 川芎 大黄（酒拌，蒸，晒）
上等分，为末，蜜丸如弹子大，竹叶汤入砂糖调服。
回令丸
一名左金丸，治肝火。
黄连（六两） 吴茱萸（一两，汤煮少时）
上为末，粥丸，白术、陈皮汤下，每服一钱。
泻心汤
治心热。
黄连为末，水调服。
三黄泻心汤
即前方加大黄、黄芩，等分，煎服。
导赤散
治小肠实热。
生地 木通 甘草（等分）
入竹叶煎，温服。
虚火
虚火可补。若饮食劳倦，内伤元气，火与元气不两立，为阳虚之病，宜补中益气汤甘温之剂除之，经云∶
温能除大热是也。若阴微阳强，相火炽甚，以乘阴位，日渐煎熬，为血虚之病，以甘寒之剂降之，宜四物汤加
黄柏、知母，用药须稍加姜汁制之，此从治之法也。若房劳内伤，真阴失守，无根之火泛上，气从足上而起，
为阴虚之病，或从足底心起者，又虚之极也，难治，须大补气血，兼温散药，宜丹溪大补阴丸、大补丸。以附
子末贴涌泉穴，引火伏下。
补中益气汤（方见内伤条。）
四物汤（方见血虚。）
大补丸
治阴火。
黄柏炒褐色，为末，粥丸（一法水丸）。
实火
实火可泻。若脏腑积热，为阳强之病。如口舌生疮，痰实不利，烦躁多渴，肠胃秘涩，便溺不利等证，凉
膈散。人壮气实，火盛癫狂，大便秘结者，黑奴丸。阳明火炽甚，烦渴热燥者，白虎汤。火盛者，寒凉药稍加
温剂，或酒炒，则邪易伏。
凉膈散
治火郁上焦，大热面赤者主之。
大黄 朴硝 甘草（各二两） 连翘（四两） 栀子 黄芩 薄荷（各一两）
上为末，每服二钱，加竹叶七片，蜜些少，煎服。
按∶经曰∶热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以苦甘。故以芒硝为君，大黄为臣，黄芩、栀子、连翘、薄荷、甘草
为佐。不作汤液而作散者，取其泥膈而成功于上也。
黑奴丸
治阳毒发斑，烦躁，大渴倍常。时行热病，六、七日未得汗，脉洪大或数，面赤目胀，身痛大热，烦躁，
狂言欲走，渴甚。又五、六日以上不解，热在胸中，口噤不能言，为坏伤寒，医所不治，弃为死人，精魂已竭，
心下才暖，拨开其口，灌药下咽即活。
黄芩 釜底煤 芒硝 麻黄 灶突墨 梁上尘 小麦奴（各一两） 大黄（一两二钱）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，如弹子大，新汲水化下。饮水
尽，足当发寒，寒已，汗出乃瘥。若时倾不汗，再服一丸，须见微利。若不大渴，不可与此药。
白虎汤
石膏（四钱， ，研） 知母（一钱半） 甘草（炙，一钱） 粳米（一撮）
上，水煎，温服，不拘时。
【歌诀】五行中每一行各有一种火，唯独火有两种：君火和相火，分别对应心和肾。如果因为喜怒忧恐悲等情绪，扰乱心神导致妄动，这就叫“五志之火”。肾经的一水怎么能胜过七种火的奔腾？因此阳气过盛而阴气常显不足，所以朱丹溪主张通过滋养阴液来济助阳热。治疗火证的方法不止一种，要补虚泻实，发散郁滞的火邪。又有阳火和阴火的区别，所以确立了正治法和从治法。刘河间深入推演了火的机理，泄露了岐伯千古以来的秘密。
【论述】五行各有其本性，唯独火有两种，即君火和相火，这两种火出于天然生成。另外，五志（喜、怒、忧、思、恐）过度，扰乱心神妄动，五脏之火随之而起，称为“五志之火”，这是出于人为因素。朱丹溪所说的“一水不能胜七火”，所以火引起的疾病非常多。《内经》病机十九条中，属于火的有五条。刘河间又进一步推展了这一学说，对火致病的论述非常详尽。例如：喘咳呕吐，急骤腹泻且肛门紧迫，筋脉抽搐，小便浑浊，腹部胀大，叩之如鼓声，痈疽疮疡皮疹，瘿瘤结核，吐泻霍乱，神志昏蒙郁闷肿胀，鼻塞流涕或鼻出血，血液溢出或排泄异常，淋证闭结，身体发热，恶寒战栗，惊恐迷惑，悲伤嬉笑胡言乱语，以及衄血、蔑视污秽血液等病症，都属于手少阴君火引起的疾病。例如：神志昏蒙、抽搐、突然失音，头目昏沉，烦躁扰乱狂越，骂人惊骇，肿胀酸痛，气逆冲上，颤抖恐惧如同丧失神志，喷嚏呕吐，疮疡喉痹，耳鸣及耳聋，呕吐涌溢，饮食不下，视力模糊不明，急骤腹泻，突发疾病甚至暴死，这些都属于手少阳相火引起的疾病。然而，火病既然不是单一原因引起，治疗方法就不能拘泥于一种道理，应当审查其虚实的情况，探究其受病的缘由，顺应其阴阳的特性，委婉细致地进行调理，那么火邪就容易平息。否则，激惹并削弱其本性，反而会导致火势燔灼，无法控制。
【脉象】虚火的脉象浮而数，实火的脉象沉而大，根据所见症状，细数的脉象危害较大。
**君火**
君火就是心火，可以用湿邪伏制，可以用水熄灭，可以直接折损，可用黄连解毒汤、三黄丸、栀子金花丸。实证可以用芒硝、大黄、冰水进行正治。如果君火炽盛，用寒药直接折损火邪，火邪反而更盛的，必须用姜汁或酒制炒药物，则火邪自然潜伏，这是“寒因热用”的方法。又说：心为君主，自我焚烧则会死亡，所以多有暴死的证候。
**黄连解毒汤**
治疗三焦实火，内外皆热，烦渴尿赤，口舌生疮，便秘脉数者主治。
黄连（炒）、黄芩（炒）、黄柏（炒）、山栀（炒），以上四味等分。
以上药材，加水煎煮，热服。若用水泛制成丸剂，名为栀子金花丸，用茶汤送服。
**三黄丸**
又名三补丸，就是前方减去山栀而成。
按语：经文说：“壮火食气，少火生气。”所谓少火，无物不生长；壮火，无物不消耗。所以少火宜升发，壮火宜降泄。因此用黄芩清上焦，黄连清中焦，黄柏清下焦，则三焦的壮火自然潜伏，而气得以生发，血得以滋养，所以叫“三补”。虽然如此，火有虚实之分，此方只能治疗实火，如果是虚火使用它，火反而会更盛，这是因为降泄过多导致亡阴。
**相火**
相火就是龙火。不可以直接折损，只有黄柏可以治疗它，顺应其特性使其潜伏。如果用冰水寒凉药物正治，会立即致死，适宜用大补阴丸、坎离丸。如果气从下向上冲逆，内部挟带相火，肾水虚弱不能制约它，适宜用地黄、牡丹皮、玄参、知母之类以壮水制火。
**大补阴丸**（方剂见虚损篇。）
**坎离丸**
一名滋肾丸，治疗肾火起于涌泉穴之下。
黄柏（十两，酒浸）、知母（六两，酒浸）、肉桂（五钱）。
制成水丸，空腹时用淡盐汤送服。
按语：此方中知母、黄柏性味苦寒，属水类，所以能滋益肾水。肉桂辛热，属火类，所以能假借其性作为反佐，正所谓坎离相交，达到既济的状态。
**郁火**
郁火可以发散，应当看是哪一经的郁火。四肢发热，肌肉痹痛发热，骨髓中发热如火燎，触摸时烫手，这是血虚导致的。或者胃虚多食冷物，压抑遏制阳气于脾土，可用升阳散火汤。手心发热，属于热郁，用火郁汤，或者用栀子、香附、白芷、半夏、川芎，用曲糊制成丸剂服用。如果是因为醇酒厚味，膏粱积热者，用清胃散主治。
**升阳散火汤**
治疗过食冷物，抑制遏制少阳之火，郁结于脾部者。
升麻、干葛、独活、羌活（各五钱）、防风（二钱半）、柴胡（三钱）、人参、白芍药（五钱）、甘草（一半生用一半炙用，六分）。
每服五钱，加水煎煮，热服。
按语：前方中的升麻、柴胡、羌活、独活、干葛、防风，都是辛温上行的药物，用来升发少阳之气。清阳既出上窍，浊阴自然归下窍，而食物的传化，自然没有抑遏的隐患。芍药味酸，能泻脾土中之肝木。人参味甘，能补中州之气。生甘草能泻脾中的郁火，从而将其炙用，则能健胃和中。
**清胃散**
治疗醇酒浓味，导致唇齿疼痛，或牙龈溃烂，或连带头面、颈项疼痛。
升麻（二钱）、生地、丹皮、当归（各一钱）、黄连（炒，一钱半）。
以上药材，加水煎服。加入犀角、连翘、甘草，名为加味清胃散。
**五志之火**
各种气机郁结，属于肺火上升。另外，悲哀触动内心，则火起于肺。经文说：“肺苦气上逆，急食苦以泻之”，黄芩、葶苈、苦酒之类是也，主治用泻白散、清金丸。
各种风症动摇眩晕，属于肝火上升。另外，大怒，火起于肝。用柴胡、黄连、龙胆草泻之，或用回令丸。
各种湿症肿胀满闷，属于脾火发动。醉饱后火起于脾，适宜用芍药、黄芩、石膏泻之。
各种痛痒疮疡，属于心火发动。另外，惊恐思虑，则火起于心。用泻心汤、导赤散泻之。
各种气逆冲上，属于肾火上升。另外，房劳过度则火起于肾。只有黄柏、知母顺应其特性使其潜伏。
**泻白散**
治疗肺火为患，喘满气急者主治。
桑白皮（一两）、地骨皮（一两）、甘草（五钱）。
以上研为粗末，每服二钱，加水一盏，煎至六分，饭前温服。
**清金丸**
治疗肺火。
黄芩不拘多少，炒后研为末，用水泛丸如绿豆大小，每服一钱。
**泻青丸**
治疗肝经风热实火。
羌活、防风、山栀（酒炒）、龙胆草（酒拌，蒸，晒）、当归、川芎、大黄（酒拌，蒸，晒）。
以上等分，研为末，蜜丸如弹子大，竹叶汤调入砂糖服用。
**回令丸**
一名左金丸，治疗肝火。
黄连（六两）、吴茱萸（一两，水煮片刻）。
以上研为末，用米粥泛丸，白术、陈皮汤送服，每服一钱。
**导赤散**
治疗小肠实热。
生地、木通、甘草（等分）。
加入竹叶煎煮，温服。
**虚火**
虚火可以补益。如果饮食劳倦，内伤元气，火与元气不两立，属于阳虚之病，适宜用补中益气汤这类甘温的药物消除，经文说：“温能除大热”即是此意。如果阴微阳强，相火炽盛，侵犯阴位，日渐煎熬，属于血虚之病，用甘寒的药物降之，适宜用四物汤加黄柏、知母，用药须稍加姜汁制之，这是从治的方法。如果房劳内伤，真阴失守，无根之火泛上，气从足底升起，属于阴虚之病，或者从足底心起者，又是虚之极也，难治，须大补气血，兼用温散药，适宜用丹溪的大补阴丸、大补丸。用附子末贴敷涌泉穴，引火伏下。
**大补丸**
治疗阴火。
黄柏炒至褐色，研为末，用米粥泛丸（另一种方法是水泛丸）。
**实火**
实火可以泻下。如果脏腑积热，属于阳强之病。如口舌生疮，痰实不利，烦躁多渴，肠胃秘涩，便溺不利等证，用凉膈散。人体壮实气盛，火盛癫狂，大便秘结者，用黑奴丸。阳明火炽盛，烦渴热燥者，用白虎汤。火盛者，寒凉药稍加温剂，或酒炒，则邪气容易潜伏。
**凉膈散**
治疗火郁上焦，大热面赤者主治。
大黄、朴硝、甘草（各二两）、连翘（四两）、栀子、黄芩、薄荷（各一两）。
以上研为末，每服二钱，加竹叶七片，少许蜂蜜，煎服。
按语：经文说：“热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以苦甘。”所以以芒硝为君药，大黄为臣药，黄芩、栀子、连翘、薄荷、甘草为佐药。不作汤液而作散剂，是取其粘腻膈膜而在上焦成功的意思。
**黑奴丸**
治疗阳毒发斑，烦躁，大渴倍常。时行热病，六、七天未得汗，脉洪大或数，面赤目胀，身痛大热，烦躁，狂言欲走，渴甚。又五、六日以上不解，热在胸中，口噤不能言，为坏伤寒，医生所不治，弃为死人，精魂已竭，心下才暖，拨开其口，灌药下咽即活。
黄芩、釜底煤、芒硝、麻黄、灶突墨、梁上尘、小麦奴（各一两）、大黄（一两二钱）。
以上研为细末，炼蜜为丸，如弹子大，新汲水化开服用。饮水尽，足部应当发寒，寒过后，出汗乃痊愈。如果时时倾侧不出汗，再服一丸，须见轻微腹泻。如果不很大渴，不可与此药。
[Song] Among the Five Elements, each has one Fire, but there are two Fires: Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo) and Sovereign Fire (Jun Huo), corresponding to the Heart (Xin) and Kidney (Shen). If caused by emotions such as joy, anger, worry, fear, and grief, disturbing the mind and causing reckless movement, this is named "Five Emotions Fire" (Wu Zhi Zhi Huo). How can the single Water of the Kidney Meridian (Shen Jing) overcome the surging of seven Fires? Thus, Yang becomes excessive while Yin is often deficient; therefore, Zhu Danxi advocated nourishing Yin to balance Yang. The methods for treating Fire are not limited to one approach; one must tonify deficiency, drain excess, and disperse stagnation. There are also distinctions between Yang Fire and Yin Fire, hence establishing direct treatment (Zheng Zhi) and indirect treatment (Cong Zhi). He Jian extensively elaborated on the mechanism of Fire, revealing the ancient secrets of Qibo.
[Discussion] Each of the Five Elements has its own nature, but Fire has two types: Sovereign Fire and Ministerial Fire, which arise from natural formation. Additionally, when the Five Emotions reach their extreme, they disturb the mind and cause reckless movement, giving rise to Fire in the Five Zang Organs, known as "Fire of the Five Emotions," which arises from human factors. As Zhu Danxi stated, "One Water cannot overcome Seven Fires," thus diseases caused by Fire are numerous. In the Nineteen Pathogenesis Patterns of the *Nei Jing*, five belong to Fire. He Jian further expanded on this theory, providing a detailed account of diseases caused by Fire. For example: panting, coughing, vomiting, acute diarrhea with tenesmus, muscle spasms, turbid urine, abdominal distension sounding like a drum upon percussion, carbuncles, ulcers, sores, rashes, goiters, lymph node swellings, vomiting and diarrhea resembling cholera, mental confusion and depression, swelling, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, hemorrhage, dysuria and retention, fever, aversion to cold with shivering, fright, confusion, sadness, laughter, delirium, and diseases involving blood leakage or filth all belong to diseases of the Hand Shaoyin Sovereign Fire. For example: mental confusion, convulsions, sudden aphonia, dizziness, restlessness, mania, cursing, fright, swelling, soreness, pain, rebellious Qi rushing upward, trembling and fear as if losing spiritual control, sneezing, vomiting, sores, throat obstruction, tinnitus, deafness, violent vomiting, inability to eat, blurred vision, acute diarrhea, sudden illness, and sudden death all belong to diseases of the Hand Shaoyang Ministerial Fire. However, since Fire diseases are not of a single origin, treatment methods cannot be confined to one principle. One must examine the signs of deficiency and excess, investigate the cause of the disease, and adapt to the nature of Yin and Yang to treat it carefully; then Fire will easily subside. Otherwise, provoking and weakening its nature may lead to blazing fire that cannot be controlled.
[Pulse] Deficient Fire presents with a floating and rapid pulse; Excess Fire presents with a deep and large pulse. According to the symptoms seen, a fine and rapid pulse indicates greater harm.
**Sovereign Fire (Jun Huo)**
Sovereign Fire is Heart Fire. It can be subdued by dampness, extinguished by water, or directly reduced. Formulas include Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity), Sanhuang Wan (Three Yellows Pill), and Zhizi Jinhua Wan (Gardenia Golden Flower Pill). In cases of excess, direct treatment with Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), or ice water is appropriate. If Sovereign Fire is extremely intense and using cold herbs to directly reduce it causes the Fire to worsen, one must use herbs processed with ginger juice or wine; then the Fire will naturally subside. This is the method of "treating cold with heat." Furthermore, the Heart is the Monarch; if it burns itself, death ensues, hence there are many cases of sudden death.
**Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity)**
Indicated for Excess Fire of the Triple Burner (San Jiao), heat inside and out, irritability, thirst, red urine, mouth and tongue sores, constipation, and rapid pulse.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, stir-fried), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, stir-fried), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried), equal parts.
Decoct in water and take hot. If made into pills with water, it is named Zhizi Jinhua Wan; swallow with tea broth.
**Sanhuang Wan (Three Yellows Pill)**
Also known as Sanbu Wan (Three Tonics Pill), this formula is the above prescription minus Zhizi.
Note: The classics state: "Strong Fire consumes Qi, Mild Fire generates Qi." Mild Fire promotes growth in all things; Strong Fire consumes all things. Therefore, Mild Fire should be ascending, and Strong Fire should be descending. Thus, Huangqin clears the Upper Jiao, Huanglian clears the Middle Jiao, and Huangbai clears the Lower Jiao, so the Strong Fire of the Triple Burner naturally subsides, Qi is generated, and Blood is nourished; hence it is called "Three Tonics." Although so, Fire has deficiency and excess; this formula treats only Excess Fire. If used for Deficiency Fire, the Fire will反而 increase due to excessive draining leading to loss of Yin.
**Ministerial Fire (Xiang Huo)**
Ministerial Fire is Dragon Fire. It cannot be directly reduced; only Huangbai can treat it by subduing it according to its nature. If treated directly with ice water or cold herbs, death will occur immediately. Suitable formulas include Dabu Yin Wan (Great Tonification of Yin Pill) and Kanli Wan (Kan-Li Pill). If Qi rushes upward from below, carrying internal Ministerial Fire because Kidney Water is deficient and cannot control it, use Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) to strengthen Water.
**Dabu Yin Wan (Great Tonification of Yin Pill)** (See Deficiency Damage section.)
**Kanli Wan (Kan-Li Pill)**
Also known as Zishen Wan (Kidney Nourishing Pill), treating Kidney Fire arising below the Yongquan point (KI1).
Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 10 liang, soaked in wine), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 6 liang, soaked in wine), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 5 qian).
Make into water pills; take on an empty stomach with light salt water.
Note: Zhimu and Huangbai are bitter and cold, belonging to Water, thus they can nourish Kidney Water. Rougui is acrid and hot, belonging to Fire, thus it serves as an adjuvant (fan zuo). This embodies the interaction of Kan and Li, achieving Ji Ji (successful transition).
**Stagnant Fire (Yu Huo)**
Stagnant Fire can be dispersed; one must determine which meridian is involved. Fever in the four limbs, heat in muscle bi, heat in the bone marrow feeling like burning, hot to the touch, is caused by Blood deficiency. Or, if the Stomach is deficient and one eats too much cold food, suppressing Yang Qi in the Spleen Earth, use Shengyang Sanhuo Tang (Ascending Yang and Dispersing Fire Decoction). Heat in the palms belongs to Heat Stagnation; use Huoyu Tang (Fire Stagnation Decoction), or make pills with Zhizi, Xiangfu, Baizhi, Banxia, and Chuanxiong using Qu paste. If caused by rich wine and strong flavors, accumulating heat from rich foods, use Qingwei San (Clear the Stomach Powder).
**Shengyang Sanhuo Tang (Ascending Yang and Dispersing Fire Decoction)**
Treating overconsumption of cold food, suppressing Shaoyang Fire, stagnating in the Spleen region.
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gange (Puerariae Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (each 5 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 2.5 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 3 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix, half raw half roasted, 6 fen).
Take 5 qian per dose, decoct in water, take hot.
Note: Shengma, Chaihu, Qianghuo, Duhuo, Gange, and Fangfeng are all acrid-warm substances that ascend; they are used to ascend Shaoyang Qi. Once Clear Yang exits the upper orifices, Turbid Yin naturally returns to the lower orifices, and food transmission proceeds without suppression. Shaoyao is sour and can drain Liver Wood within Spleen Earth. Renshen is sweet and can tonify Qi in the Central Region. Raw Gancao can drain Stagnant Fire in the Spleen; roasting it strengthens the Stomach and harmonizes the Middle.
**Huoyu Tang (Fire Stagnation Decoction)**
This is Shengyang Sanhuo Tang minus Duhuo, plus Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus).
**Qingwei San (Clear the Stomach Powder)**
Treating lip and tooth pain, or gum ulceration, or pain extending to the head, face, and neck caused by rich wine and strong flavors.
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 qian), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (each 1 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, stir-fried, 1.5 qian).
Decoct in water and take. Adding Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix) creates Jia Wei Qingwei San (Modified Clear the Stomach Powder).
**Fire of the Five Emotions (Wu Zhi Zhi Huo)**
Qi stagnation belongs to the rising of Lung Fire. Also, sorrow moving internally causes Fire to arise in the Lung. The classics say: "The Lung dislikes rebellious Qi; urgently eat bitter to drain it." Huangqin, Tinglizi, and Kujiu are examples; treat with Xiebai San (Drain White Powder) and Qingjin Wan (Clear Metal Pill).
Wind symptoms with shaking and vertigo belong to the rising of Liver Fire. Also, great anger causes Fire to arise in the Liver. Drain with Chaihu, Huanglian, and Longdancao; or use Huiling Wan.
Dampness symptoms with swelling and fullness belong to the movement of Spleen Fire. Fire arising after drunkenness or overeating should be drained with Shaoyao, Huangqin, and Shigao.
Pain, itching, sores, and ulcers belong to the movement of Heart Fire. Also, fright and overthinking cause Fire to arise in the Heart. Drain with Xiexin Tang (Drain Heart Decoction) and Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder).
Rebellious Qi rushing upward belongs to the rising of Kidney Fire. Also, sexual exhaustion causes Fire to arise in the Kidney. Only Huangbai and Zhimu should be used to subdue it according to its nature.
**Xiebai San (Drain White Powder)**
Treating Lung Fire causing panting, fullness, and急促 breathing.
Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex, 1 liang), Digupi (Lygodii Radix, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix, 5 qian).
Grind into coarse powder; take 2 qian per dose, add one cup of water, decoct to 0.6 cups, take warm before meals.
**Qingjin Wan (Clear Metal Pill)**
Treating Lung Fire.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) as needed, stir-fried, ground into powder, made into water pills the size of mung beans; take 1 qian per dose.
**Xieqing Wan (Drain Green Pill)**
Treating Wind-Heat Excess Fire of the Liver Meridian.
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, wine-fried), Longdancao (Gentianae Radix, wine-mixed, steamed, dried), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, wine-mixed, steamed, dried).
Equal parts, grind into powder, make honey pills the size of bullet seeds; take with Bamboo Leaf Decoction mixed with rock sugar.
**Huiling Wan (Huiling Pill)**
Also known as Zuojin Wan (Left Metal Pill), treating Liver Fire.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 6 liang), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 liang, boiled briefly in water).
Grind into powder, make pills with congee; take with Baizhu and Chenpi decoction, 1 qian per dose.
**Xiexin Tang (Drain Heart Decoction)**
Treating Heart Heat.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) ground into powder, taken with water.
**Sanhuang Xiexin Tang (Three Yellows Drain Heart Decoction)**
This is the above formula plus Dahuang and Huangqin in equal parts, decocted and taken.
**Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder)**
Treating Excess Heat of the Small Intestine.
Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix) in equal parts.
Decoct with Zhuye (Bambusae Folium), take warm.
**Deficient Fire (Xu Huo)**
Deficient Fire can be tonified. If diet and fatigue injure Yuan Qi internally, Fire and Yuan Qi cannot coexist; this is a Yang Deficiency disease. Use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction), a sweet-warm agent, to eliminate it, as the classics state: "Warmth can remove great heat." If Yin is weak and Yang is strong, with intense Ministerial Fire invading Yin positions and slowly consuming, this is a Blood Deficiency disease. Use sweet-cold agents to descend it; use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Huangbai and Zhimu. Add a little ginger juice to process the herbs; this is the method of indirect treatment. If sexual exhaustion injures internally, True Yin is lost, Rootless Fire floats upward, Qi rises from the feet; this is a Yin Deficiency disease. If it arises from the sole of the foot, it is extreme deficiency and difficult to treat. Must greatly tonify Qi and Blood, combined with warming and dispersing agents; use Danxi's Dabu Yin Wan and Dabu Wan (Great Tonification Pill). Apply Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) powder to the Yongquan point (KI1) to guide Fire downward.
**Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction)** (See Internal Injury section.)
**Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction)** (See Blood Deficiency section.)
**Dabu Wan (Great Tonification Pill)**
Treating Yin Fire.
Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) stir-fried until brown, ground into powder, made into pills with congee (or water pills).
**Excess Fire (Shi Huo)**
Excess Fire can be purged. If organs accumulate heat, this is a Yang Excess disease. For mouth and tongue sores, phlegm obstruction, irritability, thirst, constipation, and difficult urination, use Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder). For robust individuals with strong Qi, intense Fire, mania, and severe constipation, use Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill). For intense Yangming Fire with irritability, thirst, and dryness, use Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction). For intense Fire, add a small amount of warming agents to cold herbs, or process with wine, so the pathogen is easily subdued.
**Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder)**
Treating Fire stagnating in the Upper Jiao with high fever and red face.
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix) (each 2 liang), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, 4 liang), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) (each 1 liang).
Grind into powder; take 2 qian per dose, add 7 bamboo leaves and a little honey, decoct and take.
Note: The classics state: "Heat rampant inside is treated with salty-cold, assisted by bitter-sweet." Thus, Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) is the Sovereign herb, Dahuang is the Minister herb, and Huangqin, Zhizi, Lianqiao, Bohe, and Gancao are the Assistant herbs. It is made into a powder rather than a decoction to target the diaphragm and achieve success in the Upper Jiao.
**Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill)**
Treating Yang Toxin with macules, irritability, and extreme thirst. Epidemic febrile diseases where no sweat has occurred after six or seven days, with a洪大 or rapid pulse, red face, swollen eyes, body pain, high fever, irritability, delirious speech, desire to run, and extreme thirst. Also for unresolved heat in the chest after five or six days, locked jaw unable to speak, considered damaged typhoid, untreatable by doctors, abandoned as dead, with exhausted spirit and soul, but warmth remaining at the heart; open the mouth and pour medicine down to revive.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Fudimei (Carbon from pot bottom), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Zaotumo (Carbon from chimney), Liangshangchen (Dust from beam), Xiaomai Nu (Wheat Sprouts) (each 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1.2 liang).
Grind into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of bullet seeds; dissolve in fresh well water and take. After drinking all the water, the feet should feel cold; after the cold passes, sweating occurs and recovery follows. If still not sweating, take another pill; slight diarrhea should occur. Do not use if there is no extreme thirst.
**Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction)**
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 4 qian, crushed and ground), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 1.5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix, roasted, 1 qian), Jingsmi (Oryza Sativa, a pinch).
Decoct in water, take warm, at any time.