初感发热，头疼骨痛，项强，拘急，恶心，有食积，先宜淡盐汤吐之。不吐药兼消导，浓盖卧
，腿足裹，烘极暖，次服药。
主方 （羌活冲和汤） 羌活 苍术（各一钱半） 防风 川芎 白芷 黄芩（各一钱） 生地黄（一
钱） 甘草（七分） 北细辛（五分）
上加生姜三片，葱头三个，水煎二次，热服。取汗出至足，即愈。天凉减生地黄、黄芩，加紫
苏一钱；胸满有食积加山楂（二钱）、麦芽（一钱）、神曲（六分）；夏月大热，主方加石膏（三钱、）
知母（一钱五分。）
脉浮紧，无汗恶寒，属寒伤荣，宜发表散邪，出汗安，根据主方。脉浮缓，有汗恶风，属风伤卫
，宜实表疏邪，止汗安，根据加减。
减苍术、葱，加白术（一钱半、）枣（二枚）；微汗，苍、白（各一钱）同用；汗多，去苍加
黄（蜜炒，钱半；）有食，楂、芽、曲；汗不止，加桂枝（五分）、芍药（一钱。）上二方，春分后
至霜降用。如霜降后天暖，亦用。
冬月正伤寒，脉浮紧，无汗恶寒，头疼骨痛，发热，宜发汗，麻黄汤。减苍术、生地、黄芩、
细辛，加麻黄（二钱）、桂枝（三分）、杏仁（一钱）、升麻（五分）、姜、葱、楂、茅、曲。食
不消，将所伤之物烧灰服，更用葱熨（见后）。
冬月正伤风，脉浮缓，有汗恶风，头痛脊强，发热，宜止汗，桂枝汤。减苍、地、芩、辛、葱
，加桂枝（五分）、赤芍（一钱）、白术（一钱）、枣（二枚）、楂、芽、曲。上二方，霜降后至春分用。如春分后
天寒及有微汗，麻（七分）、桂（三分。）
两感伤寒，因日传阴阳两经，表里俱病，故为死证，冲和灵宝饮。主方减苍术、葱，加柴胡、
葛根、石膏、枣（二枚），黑豆（一撮），煎服，取微汗。次根据两感论调治。
凡服麻黄、桂枝药，面赤身痒，汗不出者，用紫苏、姜、葱煎汤热饮助汗。已有汗，切勿过表。
前发表四方服后，头疼骨痛、拘急皆减，惟热未尽退，四时可接服柴葛解肌汤疏余邪退热，则
不传阳明、少阳也。如再有余热，宜小柴胡汤加减清之。胸犹未宽，加黄连、枳实、栝蒌仁，兼姜
、葱熨。切勿早用大黄，必待胸中食积消化，俟下至脐腹间，方可攻之。如邪热渐传阳明，口大渴
，热不解，如神白虎汤。若胸宽，惟脐腹硬痛，大便秘，宜大柴胡汤下之。甚至热邪传入阳明之本
，大渴引饮，舌上白苔渐变黄黑，谵言狂乱，扬手掷足，揭去衣被，唇焦睛红，小便赤短，大便秘
结；或直泄清水，乃协热自利，旁流秽汁，肠中燥屎未下，宜六一顺气汤。小便不通，五苓散合六
一散加栀子、灯心。若燥硬宿粪以下，热虽减未清，小柴胡加减。热甚者，凉膈散、黄连解毒汤之
类退余热。有伏阴证及妇人邪传冲任血海，舌如煨熟猪腰子，服小柴胡、凉膈散之类。如不效，宜
归地养荣汤滋养。有虚人病至七、八日，忽发寒战，悚身大冷，乃邪正相攻，急宜浓盖，火烘极暖
，用生姜数两捣细，泡汤一壶，放病患怀中频饮，以助正胜邪去，汗出热除。如多日犹大热大渴舌
苔，服诸退热药不效，为过经不解，名坏证，宜鳖甲散、归地养荣汤调理。如病已退、神昏懒言、
短气无力，参、 、归、地、白术、茯苓、麦冬、五味、枣仁、远志之类补益气血、安养心神，健
脾助胃。随余证加减。如暴感风寒轻浅之证，以十神汤至参苏饮八方采用亦可。又有发表药二、三
剂，汗不出，乃阳虚不能作，勿强发，宜再造饮。有身热头疼，不烦便躁，面赤饮水，不能入口，
名戴阳证，宜益元汤。无头疼恶寒，惟身热渴，大便黑，口无伦，邪传心脾，名挟血；如见祟，当
归活血汤。有头疼身热，恶寒微汗，身痛，腿脚酸疼无力，沉倦脉空，误发
大汗为害，此名劳力感寒，宜调荣养卫汤。有因过发汗出不止，宜温经益元汤。患人叉手冒胸，寻
衣摸床，乃热乘肺经，宜升阳散火汤。病后无热，二便清利，神思渐昏，不语或独语，目赤唇焦，
不饮水，与稀粥则咽，乃邪传心经，导赤各半汤。
初感外邪出现发热，伴有头痛、骨节疼痛、项部僵硬、肢体拘急痉挛、恶心，且体内有食积停滞，此时适宜先用淡盐水催吐。若服药后仍不呕吐，则需配合消食导滞的药物，用厚被子覆盖身体卧床休息，将腿脚包裹严实，并烘烤至极度温暖，然后再服用药物。
主方（羌活冲和汤）：羌活、苍术（各一钱半）、防风、川芎、白芷、黄芩（各一钱）、生地黄（一钱）、甘草（七分）、北细辛（五分）。
上方加生姜三片、葱头三个，加水煎煮两次，热服。以出汗直至足部为度，病即可痊愈。天气凉爽时减少生地黄、黄芩的用量，增加紫苏一钱；若胸脘痞满且有食积，加山楂（二钱）、麦芽（一钱）、神曲（六分）；夏季大热时，主方中加石膏（三钱）、知母（一钱五分）。
脉象浮紧，无汗且恶寒，属于寒邪伤及营血，适宜发表散邪，出汗后病情安定，依据主方治疗。脉象浮缓，有汗且恶风，属于风邪伤及卫气，适宜固表疏邪，止汗后病情安定，依据加减法治疗。
减去苍术、葱白，加入白术（一钱半）、大枣（两枚）；若微汗出，苍术、白术（各一钱）同用；若汗多，去掉苍术加入黄芪（蜜炒，一钱半）；若有食积，加山楂、麦芽、神曲；若汗不止，加桂枝（五分）、芍药（一钱）。以上两个方剂，适用于春分后至霜降期间。如霜降后天气回暖，也可使用。
冬季感受正伤寒，脉象浮紧，无汗恶寒，头痛骨痛，发热，适宜发汗，用麻黄汤。减去苍术、生地黄、黄芩、细辛，加入麻黄（二钱）、桂枝（三分）、杏仁（一钱）、升麻（五分）、姜、葱、山楂、茅根、神曲。若食物不消化，将所伤之物烧成灰服用，再用葱熨法（见后文）。
冬季感受正伤风，脉象浮缓，有汗恶风，头痛脊背僵硬，发热，适宜止汗，用桂枝汤。减去苍术、生地黄、黄芩、细辛、葱白，加入桂枝（五分）、赤芍（一钱）、白术（一钱）、大枣（两枚）、山楂、麦芽、神曲。以上两个方剂，适用于霜降后至春分期间。如春分后天气寒冷及有微汗者，用麻黄（七分）、桂枝（三分）。
两感伤寒，因邪气每日传入阴阳两经，表里同时发病，故属死证，用冲和灵宝饮。在主方基础上减去苍术、葱白，加入柴胡、葛根、石膏、大枣（两枚）、黑豆（一撮），煎服，取微汗。随后根据两感论进行调治。
凡是服用麻黄、桂枝类药物后，面色红赤、身体瘙痒但汗不出者，用紫苏、生姜、葱白煎汤热饮以助发汗。若已有汗出，切勿过度发汗解表。
前述四种发表方剂服用后，头痛骨痛、拘急等症状皆减轻，唯独余热未尽退，四季均可接续服用柴葛解肌汤以疏泄余邪退热，这样病邪就不会传入阳明、少阳经。如果还有余热，宜用小柴胡汤加减清解。若胸脘仍觉宽适不足，加黄连、枳实、瓜蒌仁，兼用姜、葱熨法。切勿过早使用大黄，必须等待胸中食积消化，等到病邪下行至脐腹之间，方可攻下。如果邪热逐渐传入阳明经，口大渴，热不退，用如神白虎汤。若胸脘宽舒，仅脐腹部硬痛，大便秘结，宜用大柴胡汤攻下。甚至热邪传入阳明之本，大渴引饮，舌上白苔渐变为黄黑色，胡言乱语、狂躁不安，挥手踢脚，掀去衣被，嘴唇焦裂、眼睛发红，小便短赤，大便秘结；或直泻清水，这是协热自利，旁流秽浊汁液，肠中燥屎未下，宜用六一顺气汤。小便不通，用五苓散合六一散加栀子、灯心草。若燥硬宿粪已下，热虽减但未清尽，用小柴胡汤加减。热势重者，用凉膈散、黄连解毒汤之类退除余热。有伏阴证及妇人邪气传入冲任血海，舌质如煨熟的猪腰子状，服用小柴胡汤、凉膈散之类。如无效，宜用归地养荣汤滋养。有虚人患病至七八日，忽然发生寒战，全身战栗极冷，这是邪正相争，急需厚盖被子，用火烘烤至极度温暖，用生姜数两捣碎，泡成一壶汤，放在患者怀中频频饮用，以助正气战胜邪气，汗出热除。如果多日后仍然大热大渴舌苔变化，服用各种退热药无效，称为过经不解，名为坏证，宜用鳖甲散、归地养荣汤调理。如果病已退，但神志昏沉懒言、气短无力，用人参、[缺字]、当归、地黄、白术、茯苓、麦冬、五味子、酸枣仁、远志之类补益气血、安养心神、健脾助胃。随剩余症状加减。如果是暴感风寒轻浅之证，采用十神汤至参苏饮八方之一亦可。又有服用发表药二、三剂，汗不出，这是阳虚不能作汗，不要强行发汗，宜用再造饮。有身热头痛，不烦躁但大便躁动，面红饮水但不能入口，名为戴阳证，宜用益元汤。无头疼恶寒，只有身热口渴，大便黑，口中无味，邪气传入心脾，名为挟血；如见幻觉妄语，用当归活血汤。有头疼身热，恶寒微汗，身体疼痛，腿脚酸疼无力，脉沉倦而空，误用大汗法造成危害，此名劳力感寒，宜用调荣养卫汤。有因过度发汗导致汗出不止，宜用温经益元汤。患者双手交叉护住胸部，伸手摸床抓物，这是热邪乘袭肺经，宜用升阳散火汤。病后无热，二便清利，神思逐渐昏沉，不语或独语，目赤唇焦，不喝水，给稀粥则咽下，这是邪气传入心经，用导赤各半汤。
When initially contracting an external pathogen, presenting with fever, headache, bone pain, neck stiffness, limb spasms, nausea, and food stagnation, it is first appropriate to induce vomiting using light salt water. If vomiting does not occur after taking medicine, digestive-promoting drugs should be combined; the patient should lie in bed covered with thick blankets, with legs and feet wrapped tightly, and baked until extremely warm, before taking the medication.
Main Formula (Qianghuo Chonghe Tang / Notopterygium Decoction for Harmonizing): Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (each 1.5 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (each 1 qian), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) (1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.7 qian), Beixixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 qian).
Add three slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), three scallion heads, decoct twice in water, and take hot. Recovery occurs when sweating extends to the feet. In cool weather, reduce the dosage of Sheng Dihuang and Huangqin, and add Zisu (Perillae Folium) 1 qian; if there is chest fullness and food stagnation, add Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) (2 qian), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) (1 qian), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) (0.6 fen); in summer heat, add Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (3 qian) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (1.5 qian) to the main formula.
If the pulse is floating and tight, with no sweat and aversion to cold, it belongs to Cold injuring Ying (Nutritive Qi); it is appropriate to release the exterior and scatter pathogens, ensuring peace through sweating, based on the main formula. If the pulse is floating and slow, with sweat and aversion to wind, it belongs to Wind injuring Wei (Defensive Qi); it is appropriate to consolidate the exterior and disperse pathogens, ensuring peace by stopping sweat, based on modifications.
Remove Cangzhu and Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), add Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (1.5 qian) and Zaoju (Jujubae Fructus) (two pieces); if slight sweat occurs, use Cangzhu and Baizhu (each 1 qian) together; if sweat is excessive, remove Cangzhu and add Huangqi (Astragali Radix) (honey-fried, 1.5 qian); if there is food stagnation, add Shanzha, Maiya, and Shenqu; if sweat does not stop, add Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (0.5 fen) and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (1 qian). The above two formulas are used from Spring Equinox to Frost's Descent. They may also be used if the weather warms up after Frost's Descent.
In winter, contracting true Shanghan (Cold Damage), with a floating and tight pulse, no sweat, aversion to cold, headache, bone pain, and fever, it is appropriate to induce sweating using Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction). Remove Cangzhu, Sheng Dihuang, Huangqin, and Xixin; add Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (2 qian), Guizhi (0.3 qian), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) (1 qian), Shengma ( Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (0.5 fen), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Cong (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma), and Shenqu. If food is not digested, burn the ingested substance to ash and ingest it; additionally, apply Congyun (scallion moxibustion) (see below).
In winter, contracting true Shangfeng (Wind Damage), with a floating and slow pulse, sweat, aversion to wind, headache, spinal stiffness, and fever, it is appropriate to stop sweat using Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). Remove Cangzhu, Sheng Dihuang, Huangqin, Xixin, and Congbai; add Guizhi (0.5 fen), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) (1 qian), Baizhu (1 qian), Zaoju (two pieces), Shanzha, Maiya, and Shenqu. The above two formulas are used from Frost's Descent to Spring Equinox. If the weather is cold after Spring Equinox or there is slight sweat, use Mahuang (0.7 fen) and Guizhi (0.3 fen).
Lianggan Shanghan (Dual-Channel Cold Damage), where pathogens transmit daily to both Yin and Yang channels, causing simultaneous exterior and interior disease, is considered a fatal condition; treat with Chonghe Lingbao Yin (Harmonizing and Spirit-Preserving Drink). Modify the main formula by removing Cangzhu and Congbai, adding Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zaoju (two pieces), and Heidou (Sojae Semen Nigrum) (a handful), decoct and take to induce slight sweat. Subsequently, regulate treatment according to the theory of Lianggan.
After taking Mahuang or Guizhi medicines, if the face becomes red, the body itches, but no sweat comes out, drink hot decoction of Zisu (Perillae Folium), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) to assist sweating. If sweat has already occurred, do not over-release the exterior.
After taking the previous four exterior-releasing formulas, if headache, bone pain, and spasms decrease but residual heat remains, Chaige Jieji Tang (Bupleurum and Kudzu Decoction to Relieve Muscles) can be taken at any season to disperse residual pathogens and clear heat, preventing transmission to Yangming and Shaoyang channels. If residual heat persists, modify Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) to clear it. If the chest remains unrelaxed, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Gualouren (Trichosanthis Semen), and combine with Jiang and Congyun. Do not use Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) prematurely; wait until food stagnation in the chest digests and pathogens descend to the umbilical and abdominal area before purging. If pathogenic heat gradually transmits to Yangming, with extreme thirst and unresolved fever, use Rushen Baihu Tang (Divine White Tiger Decoction). If the chest is relaxed but only the umbilical and abdominal area is hard and painful with constipation, use Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) to purge. Even if pathogenic heat transmits to the root of Yangming, with extreme thirst, white tongue coating turning yellow/black, delirium, restlessness, kicking and waving limbs, removing clothes/bedding, cracked lips, red eyes, scanty dark urine, and severe constipation; or direct watery diarrhea with foul fluid leakage while dry feces remain in the intestines, use Liuyi Shunqi Tang (Six-One Regulating Qi Decoction). For urinary obstruction, use Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) combined with Liuyi San (Six-One Powder) plus Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Dengxincao (Junci Medulla). If dry hard feces have passed but heat is reduced yet not cleared, modify Xiaochaihu Tang. For severe heat, use Liangge San (Cooling Chest Powder) or Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) to clear residual heat. For latent Yin syndrome or women with pathogens transmitting to Chong and Ren vessels and Blood Sea, presenting with a tongue like a roasted pork kidney, take Xiaochaihu Tang or Liangge San. If ineffective, use Guide Yangrong Tang (Angelica and Rehmannia Nourishing Harmony Decoction) for nourishment. For deficient patients falling ill for seven to eight days who suddenly experience chills and extreme cold due to struggle between pathogen and healthy qi, cover thickly, bake warmly, crush several liang of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), brew a pot of tea, place it near the patient's chest for frequent drinking to help healthy qi overcome pathogens, leading to sweat and heat removal. If high fever and extreme thirst persist for many days despite various antipyretics, termed "passing stages without resolution" or "ruined syndrome," regulate with Biejia San (Softshell Turtle Shell Powder) or Guide Yangrong Tang. If the illness recedes but consciousness is confused, speech is reluctant, shortness of breath and weakness prevail, use Renshen (Ginseng Radix), [missing character], Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) etc. to tonify Qi and Blood, calm the mind, strengthen Spleen and aid Stomach. Modify according to remaining symptoms. For mild acute Wind-Cold, one of the eight formulas from Shishen Tang to Renshen Su Yin may be adopted. If two or three doses of exterior-releasing herbs fail to produce sweat due to Yang deficiency unable to generate sweat, do not force sweating; use Zaizao Yin (Reviving Drink). For body heat and headache without irritability but with restless bowels, red face, desire to drink but inability to swallow, termed Daiyang Syndrome (Floating Yang Syndrome), use Yiyuan Tang (Benefit Origin Decoction). Without headache and aversion to cold, only body heat, thirst, black stool, and tasteless mouth, with pathogens transmitting to Heart and Spleen, termed Xiexue (Accompanying Blood Syndrome); if seeing hallucinations, use Danggui Huoxue Tang (Angelica Invigorating Blood Decoction). For headache, body heat, slight aversion to cold and sweat, body pain, sore and weak legs, deep and empty pulse, harmed by mistaken heavy sweating, termed Laoli Ganhan (Labor-induced Cold Invasion), use Tiaorong Yangwei Tang (Regulate Nutritive and Nourish Defensive Decoction). For excessive sweating leading to continuous sweat loss, use Wenjing Yiyuan Tang (Warm Channels Benefit Origin Decoction). For patients crossing hands over chest and groping bedsheets, indicating Heat attacking Lung channel, use Shengyang Sanhuo Tang (Raise Yang Scatter Fire Decoction). Post-illness without heat, clear urination and defecation, but gradual confusion, mutism or solitary talking, red eyes, cracked lips, no desire for water but swallowing thin porridge, indicates pathogens transmitting to Heart channel; use Daochi Geban Tang (Guide Red Half-Decoction).