其标∶厥阴、少阴、太阴、少阳、阳明、太阳。其本∶风、热、湿、火、燥、寒。其时之常∶
和平、暄、埃溽、炎暑、清劲、寒 。其用之常∶风府璺启、火府舒荣、雨府员盈、热府出行、
司杀府庚苍、寒腑归脏。其化之常∶生而风摇、荣而形见、化而云雨、长而蕃鲜、收而雾露、藏
而周密。德化之常∶风生终肃、热生中寒、湿生终注雨、火生终蒸溽、燥生终凉、寒生中温。毛、
羽、裸、羽、（溥明羽翼，蜂螗之类。）介、鳞。布政之常∶生、荣、
濡、茂、坚、藏。令行之常∶挠动迎随、高明焰曛、沉阴白埃晦瞑、光显彤云而曛、烟埃霜肃，
劲切凄鸣、刚固坚芒而立。气变之常∶飘怒大凉、大暄而寒、雷霆注烈、飘风燎霜、散落而温、
寒雪冰雹白埃。
厥阴所至，为病里急，筋缓缩也。支痛， 戾，胁痛，呕泄吐逆。（厥阴者，风木之病，肝
胆之气，二脏所受也。木者风化，以风为本，以厥阴为标也。又，阳明、厥阴，不从标本，从乎
中气。然阳明本燥，标为阳，厥阴以风为本，标为阴，标本不同也，乃从其中气。中气者，厥阴
之上，风气治之，中见少阳，经曰热即生风，治风者，治于风热，又曰风淫于内，治以辛凉，皆
治于中见也。）少阴所至，为疡疹身热，恶寒战栗，惊惑悲笑谵妄，衄 。（血污也。少阴君火，
热之化也。足少阴肾，手少阴心也。少阴君火，以热为本，以少阴为标。少阴、太阳，从本从标。
少阴乃肾经，太阳乃膀胱经，肾与膀胱，为表里之经也。手与手合，足与足合者，为中气。少阴
以热化为本，其标阴，太阳以寒化为本，其标阳，标本不同，遂从标从本也。）太阴所至，为积
饮痞隔， 满，霍乱吐下，体重 肿。（肉如泥，按之不起。太阴乃湿土所化，以湿为本。足太
阴脾，手太阴肺也。太阴与少阳，从本，然太阴本湿，其标阴，少阳其本热，其标阳，标本皆同，
遂从本也。太阴与阳明为表里，手与手合，足与足合者，为中气。经曰∶木为主，泻以酸，补以
辛，金为主，泻以辛，补以酸。）少阳所至，为嚏呕疮疡，喉痹呕涌耳鸣，惊躁瞀昧，（目不明
也。）暴注 ，暴病暴死。（少阳热化，相火之气也，三焦经也。少阳、太阴，从本也。少阳
之本火，其标少阳，太阴之本湿，其标阴，二脏本末同，故从本也。手太阳三焦，手太阴肺，足
少阳胆，足太阴脾，皆从本。经曰∶火淫所胜，平以咸冷，佐以苦甘，湿淫所胜，平以苦热，佐
以酸辛。）阳明所至，为鼽嚏，浮虚肿，皴揭，鼽尻阴股膝髀 足病也。（以上皆燥本病也。
阳明燥化，又为清化，卯酉之气，肺与大肠之病也，以燥为本。阳明与厥阴，不从标本，从乎中
气。阳明之上，燥气治之，中见太阴，厥阴之上，风气治之，中见少阳，皆从中气之化也。足阳
明胃，足厥阴肝，手阳明大肠，手厥阴心包络，阳明燥为本，性寒，阳为标，厥阴以风为本，化
为热，标为阴，标本不同，反得中气之化也。）太阳所至，为屈伸不利，腰痛，寝浸汗，痉，流泄
禁止。（太阳所至，寒水之化，肾与膀胱病，是以寒为本也。其伤者，为足太阳膀胱之受，为水
之化也。皆传足经，不传手经，为从足经受也。六日遍足经也，叔和云∶出至风门，过太阳。七
日之内见脱，厄，六日已至风门，辰为太阳，七日过也。此标本表里之说者，前少阴已说也。）
凡此诸变，皆随德化政令变用而布之，各随阴阳所在之分，而变生其病也。故经曰∶风胜则
动，热胜则肿，（然热气盛，则为丹瘭，热胜血，则为痈脓，热胜骨肉，则为 肿也。）燥胜则
干，（燥于外则皮肤皴揭，燥于内则积血枯干，燥于气及津液，则肉干而皮着于骨也。）寒胜则浮，
（虚肿也。）湿胜则濡泄，甚则水闭而 肿也。随气所在，以言其变耳。
其标：厥阴、少阴、太阴、少阳、阳明、太阳。其本：风、热、湿、火、燥、寒。其时令的常态：平和、温暖、潮湿闷热、炎热酷暑、清凉劲急、寒冷。其作用的常态：风府（风气汇聚之所）开启裂缝，火府（火气汇聚之所）舒展繁荣，雨府（湿气汇聚之所）圆润充盈，热府（热气汇聚之所）运行外散，司杀府（燥气汇聚之所，主肃杀）刚劲苍凉，寒腑（寒气汇聚之所）回归闭藏。其变化的常态：生发而风吹摇动，繁荣而形体显现，化育而云雨降下，生长而繁茂鲜艳，收敛而雾露凝结，闭藏而严密周密。德化之常态：风气生发终归于肃杀，热气生发中间夹杂寒冷，湿气生发终致暴雨倾注，火气生发终致蒸腾湿热，燥气生发终致凉爽，寒气生发中间夹杂温和。毛类、羽类、裸体类（指人类等无毛羽覆盖者）、羽类、介壳类、鳞甲类。布政之常态：生发、繁荣、濡润、茂盛、坚固、闭藏。令行之常态：摇动迎随、高明清朗火焰熏灼、沉阴白埃昏暗不明、光显彤云熏灼、烟埃霜雪肃杀劲切凄厉鸣响、刚固坚芒而立。气化之常态：飘怒大凉、大暖而寒、雷霆猛烈、飘风燎霜、散落而温、寒雪冰雹白埃。
厥阴所至，表现为病证里的拘急，筋脉弛缓或收缩。肢体牵掣疼痛，身体歪斜扭转，胁痛，呕吐泄泻逆气。（厥阴，是风木之病，涉及肝胆二脏之气。木对应风化，以风为本，以厥阴为标。另外，阳明和厥阴，不遵循标本理论，而是顺从中气。然而阳明本燥，标为阳；厥阴以风为本，标为阴，标本不同，所以从其中气。中气者，在厥阴之上，由风气治理，中见少阳，经书说“热极生风”，治疗风病，要治于风热，又说“风邪淫于内，用辛凉药物治疗”，都是治于中见的少阳。）少阴所至，表现为疮疡疹子、身热、恶寒战栗、惊恐迷惑、悲笑无常、胡言乱语、鼻出血。（血污也。少阴君火，是热的化生。足少阴肾，手少阴心。少阴君火，以热为本，以少阴为标。少阴和太阳，既从本也从标。少阴是肾经，太阳是膀胱经，肾与膀胱互为表里经。手经与手经相合，足经与足经相合，称为中气。少阴以热化为根本，其标为阴；太阳以寒化为根本，其标为阳，标本不同，遂从标从本。）太阴所至，表现为积饮痞塞阻隔，腹部胀满，霍乱吐泻，身体沉重浮肿。（肌肉如泥，按压不起。太阴乃湿土所化，以湿为本。足太阴脾，手太阴肺。太阴与少阳，从本，然而太阴本湿，其标阴；少阳本热，其标阳，标本皆同，遂从本。太阴与阳明互为表里，手经与手经相合，足经与足经相合，称为中气。经书说：木为主，泻用酸味，补用辛味；金为主，泻用辛味，补用酸味。）少阳所至，表现为喷嚏呕吐疮疡，喉痹呕吐涌出耳鸣，惊躁昏昧（眼睛看不清），突然腹泻，突发疾病突然死亡。（少阳热化，是相火之气，属于三焦经。少阳和太阴，从本。少阳之本为火，其标为少阳；太阴之本为湿，其标为阴，两脏本末相同，故从本。手太阳三焦，手太阴肺，足少阳胆，足太阴脾，都从本。经书说：火邪淫盛，用咸冷药物平抑，佐以苦甘；湿邪淫盛，用苦热药物平抑，佐以酸辛。）阳明所至，表现为鼻塞喷嚏，浮肿虚肿，皮肤皴裂揭起，鼻塞及尻、阴部、大腿、膝盖、小腿、脚部的病证。（以上都是燥的本病。阳明燥化，又为清化，是卯酉之气，涉及肺与大肠的病证，以燥为本。阳明与厥阴，不遵循标本，顺从中气。阳明之上，燥气治理，中见太阴；厥阴之上，风气治理，中见少阳，都从中气的化生。足阳明胃，足厥阴肝，手阳明大肠，手厥阴心包络，阳明燥为本，性寒，阳为标；厥阴以风为本，化为热，标为阴，标本不同，反而得到中气的化生。）太阳所至，表现为屈伸不利，腰痛，睡觉时浸淫出汗，痉挛，排泄不通或泄泻不止。（太阳所至，是寒水的化生，涉及肾与膀胱的病证，是以寒为本。受伤者，是足太阳膀胱经受邪，是水之化生。都传入足经，不传入手经，因为是从足经受邪。六天遍传足经。叔和说：出至风门，过太阳。七日内出现脱证厄难，六日已至风门，辰时为太阳，七日已过。此标本表里的说法，前文少阴部分已说明。）凡是这些变化，都随着德化政令的变化运用而分布，各自随着阴阳所在的分野，变生其病证。所以经书说：风胜则动摇，热胜则肿胀（然而热气盛，则为丹毒瘭疽，热胜血，则为痈脓，热胜骨肉，则为浮肿。），燥胜则干燥（燥在外则皮肤皴裂揭起，燥在内则积血枯干，燥在气及津液，则肉干而皮着于骨。），寒胜则浮肿（虚肿。），湿胜则濡泄，严重则水液闭塞而浮肿。随着气所在之处，来论述其变化罢了。
Its Biao (Mark/Manifestation): Jueyin, Shaoyin, Taiyin, Shaoyang, Yangming, Taiyang. Its Ben (Root/Essence): Wind, Heat, Dampness, Fire, Dryness, Cold. The normal state of its timing: Peaceful, Warm, Humid and Muggy, Blazing Summer Heat, Cool and Crisp, Cold. The normal function of its use: Fengfu (Wind Mansion) opens cracks, Huofu (Fire Mansion) expands and prospers, Yufu (Rain Mansion) rounds and fills, Refu (Heat Mansion) moves and disperses, Sisha Fu (Mansion of Killing/Drying) is crisp and pale, Han Fu (Cold Mansion) returns to storage. The normal transformation of its change: Generation with wind shaking, Prosperity with form appearing, Transformation with clouds and rain, Growth with lush freshness, Harvest with fog and dew, Storage with tightness and completeness. The normal virtue and transformation: Wind generates ending in肃杀 (Solemn Killing/Cold), Heat generates containing Cold, Dampness generates ending in pouring rain, Fire generates ending in steaming humidity, Dryness generates ending in coolness, Cold generates containing warmth. Hairy animals, Feathered animals, Naked-skinned animals (humans etc.), Feathered animals, Shelled animals, Scaled animals. The normal distribution of governance: Generation, Prosperity, Moistening, Lushness, Firmness, Storage. The normal execution of orders: Stirring and following, High and bright flames scorching, Deep yin white haze obscuring, Bright red clouds scorching, Smoke haze frost solemn, Crisp cutting desolate crying, Rigid solid sharp points standing firm. The normal variation of qi: Drifting anger great coolness, Great warmth then cold, Thunderstorms fierce, Drifting wind burning frost, Scattering then warm, Cold snow ice hail white haze.
Wherever Jueyin arrives, it causes disease characterized by internal tension, flaccidity or contraction of tendons. Limb pain, twisting deformities, hypochondriac pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and regurgitation. (Jueyin refers to diseases of Wind-Wood, involving the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder. Wood corresponds to Wind transformation, taking Wind as its Root and Jueyin as its Mark. Furthermore, Yangming and Jueyin do not follow the Root-Mark theory but follow their Middle Qi. However, Yangming's Root is Dryness and its Mark is Yang; Jueyin's Root is Wind and its Mark is Yin, so their Roots and Marks differ, thus they follow their Middle Qi. The Middle Qi is above Jueyin, governed by Wind Qi, revealing Shaoyang. The Classics state "Extreme heat generates Wind"; treating Wind diseases involves treating Wind-Heat. It also states "When Wind invades internally, treat with Pungent-Cool substances," all referring to treatment of the revealed Shaoyang.) Wherever Shaoyin arrives, it causes sores, rashes, fever, aversion to cold, trembling, fright, confusion, erratic laughter and weeping, delirium, and epistaxis. (Shaoyin Sovereign Fire represents the transformation of Heat. Foot Shaoyin Kidney and Hand Shaoyin Heart. Shaoyin Sovereign Fire takes Heat as its Root and Shaoyin as its Mark. Shaoyin and Taiyang follow both Root and Mark. Shaoyin is the Kidney Meridian, Taiyang is the Bladder Meridian; Kidney and Bladder are exterior-interior paired meridians. Hand meridians pair with hand, foot with foot, forming the Middle Qi. Shaoyin takes Heat transformation as Root, its Mark is Yin; Taiyang takes Cold transformation as Root, its Mark is Yang. Since Roots and Marks differ, it follows both Mark and Root.) Wherever Taiyin arrives, it causes accumulation of fluids, stagnation and obstruction, abdominal fullness, cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, heavy body, and edema. (Muscles like mud, indented upon pressure. Taiyin transforms from Damp-Earth, taking Dampness as Root. Foot Taiyin Spleen and Hand Taiyin Lung. Taiyin and Shaoyang follow the Root. Taiyin's Root is Dampness, its Mark is Yin; Shaoyang's Root is Heat, its Mark is Yang. Since Roots and Marks are identical, it follows the Root. Taiyin and Yangming are exterior-interior pairs; hand with hand, foot with foot form the Middle Qi. The Classics state: When Wood dominates, drain with Sour, tonify with Pungent; when Metal dominates, drain with Pungent, tonify with Sour.) Wherever Shaoyang arrives, it causes sneezing, vomiting, sores and ulcers, throat obstruction, surging vomiting, tinnitus, fright, restlessness, and visual obscuration (eyes unable to see clearly), sudden diarrhea, acute illness, and sudden death. (Shaoyang Heat transformation is Ministerial Fire, belonging to the Sanjiao Meridian. Shaoyang and Taiyin follow the Root. Shaoyang's Root is Fire, its Mark is Shaoyang; Taiyin's Root is Dampness, its Mark is Yin. Since the two organs' Roots and Ends are the same, it follows the Root. Hand Taiyang Sanjiao, Hand Taiyin Lung, Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder, Foot Taiyin Spleen all follow the Root. The Classics state: When Fire inv excessively, pacify with Salty-Cold, assist with Bitter-Sweet; when Dampness invades excessively, pacify with Bitter-Hot, assist with Sour-Pungent.) Wherever Yangming arrives, it causes nasal congestion and sneezing, floating and vacuous swelling, skin cracking and peeling, and diseases of the nose, buttocks, genitalia, thighs, knees, calves, and feet. (All above are diseases of Dryness Root. Yangming Dryness transformation is also Clear transformation, associated with Mao-You Qi, involving Lung and Large Intestine diseases, taking Dryness as Root. Yangming and Jueyin do not follow Root-Mark but follow Middle Qi. Above Yangming, Dryness Qi governs, revealing Taiyin; above Jueyin, Wind Qi governs, revealing Shaoyang. All transform via Middle Qi. Foot Yangming Stomach, Foot Jueyin Liver, Hand Yangming Large Intestine, Hand Jueyin Pericardium. Yangming Dryness is Root, nature Cold, Yang is Mark; Jueyin Wind is Root, transforms to Heat, Yin is Mark. Roots and Marks differ, yet obtain Middle Qi transformation.) Wherever Taiyang arrives, it causes difficulty in flexion and extension, lower back pain, sweating during sleep, spasms, and either retention or incontinence of excreta. (Taiyang arrival is the transformation of Cold-Water, involving Kidney and Bladder diseases, taking Cold as Root. Injury occurs in Foot Taiyang Bladder receiving Water transformation. All transmit to Foot meridians, not Hand meridians, as they enter via Foot meridians. Six days circulate through Foot meridians. He Suo stated: Exit to Fengmen, pass Taiyang. Within seven days, collapse and peril appear; six days reach Fengmen, Chen hour is Taiyang, passing seven days. This discussion on Root-Mark and Exterior-Interior was previously explained under Shaoyin.) All these variations distribute according to the changes and uses of Virtues, Transformations, Governance, and Orders, each generating disease according to the location of Yin and Yang. Thus the Classics state: Excess Wind causes movement, Excess Heat causes swelling (When Heat Qi is excessive, it causes Erysipelas and carbuncles; Heat excess in Blood causes abscesses and pus; Heat excess in bone and flesh causes edema.), Excess Dryness causes dryness (Dryness outside causes skin cracking; Dryness inside causes blood stasis and withering; Dryness in Qi and Body Fluids causes muscle drying and skin adhering to bone.), Excess Cold causes edema (Vacuous swelling.), Excess Dampness causes loose stools, severe cases cause water retention and edema. It describes variations based on where the Qi resides.