邻人冯湘生儿数月偶遗金网巾圈于案上儿误吞之哀泣不已湘求救于医医适出湘伺于门坐
立不
定或询其子何疾惊徨如是湘以前事告或教以急买韭数茎熟而不断与蚕豆同咽之不过二次其圈
从大便出矣此法方书所不载故表之(刘浣北壕纪言)
孙真人云小儿不涉霜雪乃不病伤寒大人往往有之然天行时疾之气小儿其亦得之故多患斑
疹者
是也治其时行节气即与大人同法惟用药剂差少药性差凉耳丹溪亦云大抵治小儿药与大人同但
剂料少耳近时吴中名医某治大人用小剂某治小儿用大剂皆不得其中均有太过不及之病何也假
如病大而汤剂小则邪气未尽而药力已乏矣犹一杯之水救一舆薪之火竟不能灭是谓不及病小而
汤剂大则邪气已尽而药力有余反伤正气犹火炎昆岗玉石俱焚莫之能止是谓太过二者皆粗工所
为后学不可以为法
痘疮属虚寒者直可延至十数日后方死属毒瓦斯盛转紫色者不过七八日盖痘是胎毒自内出外
一二
三日方出齐毒瓦斯尚在内至六日则当尽发于表七八九日成脓而结痂矣若毒瓦斯盛不能尽出过六日毒
反内入脏腑必须在六日以前毒瓦斯该出之时急
服凉血解毒之药以祛出之六日以后医虽妙手亦无及矣故其死最速若虚弱毒瓦斯少者只是气血不
足不能贯脓成就故绵延日久而后死此虚实轻重之分也又云痘疮多者是毒瓦斯多当先解毒然多则
恐气血周贯不足故随后亦宜兼补药以助成脓血(薛立斋家居医录)
邻居冯湘的孩子几个月大，偶然将一枚金网巾圈遗落在案几上，孩子误吞了下去，哀哭不止。冯湘向医生求救，但医生恰好外出，冯湘便在门口守候，坐立不安。有人询问他的孩子得了什么病，为何惊慌到如此地步，冯湘便将前因后果告知。那人教他赶紧买几根韭菜，煮熟后不要切断，与蚕豆一同吞服。不过两次，那金圈就从大便排出了。这种方法在医书中没有记载，所以特此记录（出自刘浣北《壕纪言》）。
孙思邈说：小儿如果没有经历霜雪寒冷，就不会患伤寒病，而大人却常常会有这种情况。然而，对于天行时疾（流行性传染病）的邪气，小儿同样会感染，所以小儿多患斑疹类疾病。治疗这种时行节气病，方法与大人的相同，只是用药剂量稍少，药性稍凉罢了。朱丹溪也说：大体上治疗小儿的药物与大人的相同，只是剂量较少而已。近来吴中地区有一位名医，治疗大人用小剂量，治疗小儿用大剂量，都没有掌握得当，都存在太过或不及的弊端。为什么呢？假如病情重而汤剂剂量小，那么邪气未尽而药力已衰竭，就像一杯水去救一车柴的火，终究不能熄灭，这叫做“不及”；假如病情轻而汤剂剂量大，那么邪气已尽而药力有余，反而损伤正气，就像火烧昆仑山，玉石俱焚，无法停止，这叫做“太过”。这两种情况都是粗劣医生的行为，后学者不可以效法。
痘疮属于虚寒证的，可以拖延到十几天后才死亡；属于毒瓦斯旺盛、痘色转紫色的，不过七八天就会死亡。大概痘疮是胎毒从体内向外透发，一到三天才出齐，此时毒瓦斯还在体内；到了第六天，则应当全部发于体表；第七、八、九天成脓并结痂。如果毒瓦斯旺盛，不能全部透出，过了第六天毒反内入脏腑，必须在第六天以前毒瓦斯该透出的时候，急服凉血解毒的药物将其祛除。第六天以后，即使医生有妙手也无济于事了，所以这类死得最快。如果是虚弱、毒瓦斯少的，只是气血不足，不能化脓成就，所以拖延日久而后死亡。这是虚实轻重的区别。又说：痘疮多的，是毒瓦斯多，应当先解毒；但是痘多则恐怕气血周流贯通不足，所以随后也应当兼用补药以助成脓血（出自薛立斋《家居医录》）。
The neighbor Feng Xiang’s child, a few months old, accidentally dropped a gold mesh hairnet ring on the table and swallowed it. The child cried incessantly. Feng Xiang sought help from a physician, but the physician happened to be out. Feng Xiang waited at the door, restless and unable to sit or stand still. Someone asked what illness his child had that caused such panic. Feng Xiang explained the situation. The person advised him to quickly buy a few stalks of Chinese chives (Jiucai), cook them thoroughly without cutting them, and swallow them together with broad beans. After no more than two doses, the ring was passed in the stool. This method is not recorded in medical texts, so it is hereby documented (from Liu Huanbei's *Hao Ji Yan*).
Sun Simiao said: Children who have not been exposed to frost and snow do not contract Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, whereas adults often do. However, regarding the pathogenic qi of Tianxing Shiji (epidemic diseases), children are also susceptible, which is why they frequently suffer from Ban Zhen (maculopapular rashes). The treatment for these epidemic seasonal diseases follows the same methods as for adults, except that the dosage is slightly smaller and the medicinal nature is slightly cooler. Zhu Danxi also stated: Generally, the medicines used for treating children are the same as those for adults, but the dosage is smaller. Recently, a famous physician in Wuzhong treated adults with small dosages and children with large dosages, failing to strike the right balance, resulting in both excess and deficiency errors. Why? If the disease is severe but the decoction dosage is small, the pathogenic factors will not be fully eliminated while the medicinal power has already exhausted itself. It is like using a cup of water to extinguish a fire fueled by a cartload of firewood; it cannot put it out. This is called "insufficiency." If the disease is mild but the decoction dosage is large, the pathogenic factors are already gone, but the medicinal power remains excessive, thereby damaging the healthy qi. It is like a fire burning Kunlun Mountain, where both jade and stone are destroyed, uncontrollable. This is called "excess." Both scenarios are the work of incompetent physicians, and students should not emulate them.
Douchuang (smallpox/variolous eruptions) belonging to the deficiency-cold pattern can persist for ten-plus days before death. Those with vigorous Duwa (toxic heat/evil qi) turning purple die within seven to eight days. Generally, Douchuang arises from fetal toxins moving from the interior to the exterior. They typically emerge completely within one to three days, during which time the toxic heat remains inside. By the sixth day, it should have fully manifested on the surface. From the seventh to ninth days, pus forms and scabs appear. If the toxic heat is vigorous and fails to fully emerge, after the sixth day it may re-enter the internal organs. One must urgently administer blood-cooling and detoxifying herbs before the sixth day, when the toxic heat should naturally emerge, to expel it. After the sixth day, even a skilled physician cannot save the patient, hence death occurs most rapidly. In cases of weakness and scanty toxic heat, the issue is merely insufficient Qi and Blood to transform pus and complete the eruption process, leading to a prolonged course before death. This distinguishes deficiency/excess and severity. Furthermore, it is said: A profusion of eruptions indicates abundant toxic heat, requiring initial detoxification. However, an abundance of eruptions may suggest insufficient Qi and Blood circulation, so subsequently, tonifying herbs should be added to assist in forming pus and blood (from Xue Lizhai's *Jiaju Yilu*).