小儿初生不饮乳,及不小便,用葱白一寸,四破之,以乳汁银石器煎,灌之立效。(《得效方》。)
小儿初生下,遍身如鱼泡,又如水晶,碎则成水流渗,用密陀僧研,绢罗内罗过,干糁,仍服苏合香丸。
(同上。)
万密斋孙周岁,生走马疳,用尿桶底白 刮下,新瓦上火焙干五分,五倍子内虫灰三分,鼠妇焙干三分,
枯白矾一钱,共研末,先用蜡茶叶浸米泔水洗净,以药敷之,神效。名曰十不二散。
朱丹溪治走马牙疳,蚕蜕纸烧灰存性,入麝香少许,蜜和敷患处,加白矾尤妙。(此外治法。走马牙疳,
最为枭毒,须用大承气加川连、胡黄连、雄黄、菩荑等大下之,全泻去黑矢,然后改用凉血解毒之剂,外用
针砭烂肉与好肉交关处,全出恶血,再以搽牙药敷之,庶可望愈。若专恃外治,未有不致误事者。方书皆未言
及,亦一大缺略也。)
万密斋治斗门子,初生五日不乳,喷嚏昏睡。万视之曰∶此脐风病也,一名马牙疳,小儿凡当一月之内尤
急。乃视其口中上 ,有白胞如珠大者三四个,用银针挑去之。斗门怜惜之情见于面,去之未尽。次日犹不乳,
有老妪语以脐风之害,乃速万再治,且问脐风之病云何?万曰∶其病不可治者三∶脐腹肿胀,大小便不通者,
名曰锁肚;口紧不开,不语不啼者,时作搐者,名曰噤风;环口青色,口唇紧撮,名曰撮口。令郎初病,未至
困也,复以手法去其白泡而安。又曰∶当用何药?万曰∶数日之儿,安能任药,虽有古方,不敢用也。曰∶然
则奈何?万曰∶无害矣,此病盖初生时,洗浴之后,脐干未落,不谨视之,为儿尿所侵,及为风寒湿热所侵之
故。宜急治之,但见喷嚏,多啼少乳,即视其口中上 ,有白泡子成聚,是其候也。随以手法刮去之,以软帛
拭净其血,则脐风不发矣。若不知此,则其泡流入腹中,或为锁肚,为噤风,为撮口,虽有神丹,不能救也。
郑请详记之,以为育婴之训。
小儿出生后不吸吮乳汁,且小便不通畅,可用一寸长的葱白,将其四向剖开,用乳汁在银器或石器中煎煮,灌服后立即见效。(出自《得效方》。)
小儿刚出生时,全身皮肤像鱼泡一样,又如同水晶般透明,弄破后会有液体渗出。可用密陀僧研磨,通过绢筛过滤,将药粉干撒于患处,同时内服苏合香丸。
(同上。)
万密斋的孙子周岁时,患上了走马疳(一种发展迅速、破坏力极强的口腔疾病),用尿桶底部的白色沉淀物刮下,在新瓦片上焙干至五分重,五倍子内的虫灰三分,鼠妇(潮虫)焙干三分,枯白矾一钱,共同研成粉末。先用蜡茶叶浸泡米泔水清洗患处,再将药粉敷上,效果神奇。此方名为“十不二散”。
朱丹溪治疗走马牙疳,将蚕蜕纸烧成灰但保留其药性,加入少许麝香,用蜂蜜调和后敷于患处,若加入白矾则效果更好。(这是外治法。走马牙疳最为凶险毒烈,必须使用大承气汤加黄连、胡黄连、雄黄、樗皮等大剂量泻下,彻底排出黑色粪便,然后改用凉血解毒的药物。外用针砭刺破腐烂肌肉与健康肌肉交界处,放出恶血,再涂抹搽牙药物敷贴,才有望痊愈。如果专门依赖外治法,没有不导致误事的。医书中对此大多未提及,这是一个很大的缺漏。)
万密斋治疗斗门之子,孩子出生五天不吃奶,打喷嚏并昏睡。万密斋诊察后说:“这是脐风病,也叫马牙疳,婴儿在一个月内发病尤其紧急。”他查看孩子口中上颚,发现有三四个如珍珠大小的白色水泡,便用银针挑破去除。斗门面露怜惜之情,担心去之不净。第二天孩子仍不吃奶,有位老妇人告知脐风的危害,于是急忙请万密斋再次诊治,并询问脐风病的详情。万密斋说:“这种病有三种情况是不可治的:脐腹部肿胀,大小便不通的,名叫锁肚;口紧闭不开,不说话也不啼哭,时常抽搐的,名叫噤风;口唇周围发青,嘴唇紧紧收缩的,名叫撮口。令郎初起病时,还未到危重地步,再用手法去掉那些白泡就平安了。”又问:“应当用什么药?”万密斋说:“几天的婴儿,怎么能承受药物?虽然有古方,也不敢使用。”那人问:“那该怎么办?”万密斋说:“没有害处了。这个病大概是刚出生时,洗浴之后,脐带干燥但未脱落,护理不慎,被小儿尿液浸渍,以及受风寒湿热邪气侵袭的缘故。应当紧急治疗,只要见到打喷嚏、多啼哭、吃奶少,就查看其口中上颚,若有白色水泡聚集,就是病症的征兆。随即用手法治法刮去水泡,用软布擦净血迹,那么脐风就不会发作了。如果不了解这些,水泡流入腹中,就会变成锁肚、噤风或撮口,即使有神仙丹药,也不能挽救了。”郑氏请求详细记录这些内容,作为养育婴儿的训诫。
When a newborn infant refuses to suckle breast milk and does not urinate, take one cun (approx. 3.3 cm) of scallion white (Congbai), cut it into four parts, decoct it in breast milk using a silver or ceramic vessel, and administer the liquid orally for immediate effect. (From *Defang Fang*.)
When an infant is just born, if the whole body resembles fish blisters or crystal glass, which when broken exudes fluid, grind Lapis Galenitae (Miduoseng), sieve it through silk gauze, and apply the dry powder topically. Concurrently, administer Suhe Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill).
(Ibid.)
Wan Mizhai’s grandson, at one year old, developed Zouma Gan (a rapidly progressing and destructive form of oral gangrene). The treatment involved scraping the white sediment from the bottom of a urine bucket, drying it on a new tile over fire until weighing five fen, mixing with three fen of ash from insects inside Galla Chinensis (Wubeizi), three fen of dried Oniscus asellus (Shufu), and one qian of calcined Alum (Kubai Fan). All ingredients were ground into powder. First, cleanse the lesion with water used to soak wax tea leaves and rice wash water, then apply the powder topically, yielding miraculous results. This formula is named “Shi Bu Er San” (Ten Not Two Powder).
Zhu Danxi treated Zouma Yagan (rapidly spreading gingival necrosis) by burning mulberry silkworm pupal skin (Cantui Zhi) to ash while retaining its medicinal properties, adding a small amount of Moschus (Shexiang), and mixing with honey for topical application. Adding Alum (Bai Fan) is particularly effective. (This is an external treatment method. Zouma Yagan is extremely vicious and toxic; it requires aggressive internal purgation using Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) augmented with Coptidis Rhizoma (Chuanlian), Picrorhizae Rhizoma (Huhuanglian), Realgar (Xionghuang), and Bignoniae Semen (Puti) to thoroughly evacuate black feces. Only after this should cooling-blood and detoxifying agents be employed. Externally, acupuncture or bloodletting should be used to pierce the junction between necrotic and healthy tissue to release evil blood, followed by applying dental powders. Only then can recovery be hoped for. Relying solely on external treatments inevitably leads to failure. Medical texts largely omit this, representing a significant omission.)
Wan Mizhai treated the son of Doumen, who, at five days old, refused to suckle, sneezed, and was lethargic. Wan examined him and said, “This is Umbilical Wind disease (Qifeng), also known as Ma Ya Gan. It is especially critical within the first month of life.” He observed the infant’s upper palate and found three or four white vesicles the size of pearls. He punctured them with a silver needle. Doumen showed visible reluctance due to pity for the child, fearing incomplete removal. The next day, the infant still did not suckle. An old woman informed Doumen of the dangers of Qifeng, prompting him to urgently summon Wan again and ask about the nature of the disease. Wan stated, “There are three conditions in this disease that are incurable: swelling of the umbilicus and abdomen with obstruction of urination and defecation is called Suodu (Locked Belly); tight closure of the mouth, inability to speak or cry, with occasional convulsions is called Jinfeng (Lockjaw); and bluish discoloration around the mouth with tightly pursed lips is called Cuokou (Grasping Mouth). Your son’s initial illness had not yet reached a critical stage. By manually removing the white vesicles, he will be safe.” When asked what medication to use, Wan replied, “An infant of only a few days cannot tolerate strong medicines. Although ancient formulas exist, I dare not use them.” The father asked, “Then what should be done?” Wan answered, “It is harmless now. This disease likely occurs because, after bathing upon birth, the umbilical stump dries but has not yet fallen off, and due to careless care, it is exposed to the infant’s urine and invaded by wind, cold, dampness, and heat pathogens. Immediate treatment is required. Whenever you observe sneezing, excessive crying, and poor feeding, check the upper palate for clustered white vesicles; this is the sign. Immediately remove these vesicles manually, wipe the bleeding site clean with soft cloth, and Qifeng will not develop. If this is not understood, the vesicles may penetrate into the abdomen, leading to Suodu, Jinfeng, or Cuokou. Even divine pills would be unable to save the child.” Zheng requested that this be recorded in detail as instruction for infant care.