周妹年二十三，妊三四月，偶受惊恐，时归宁不数日而半产，又不数日而发热，二日而痘出颇多，至四五
日出齐，甚稠密，色淡白而呕吐。医见禀气怯弱，半产后痘出又多，皆不敢施治。周曰∶岂有坐而待毙者乎？
遂以参、术、陈皮等安和胃气，止其吐呕，而痘色亦稍红活。因喜曰∶此可温补而愈也。以参、 、归、芍、
炙草、丁、桂、木香等，大剂投之，觉痘色转红活。若半日不药，则又转淡白。于是一日夜必尽两大剂，至贯
脓时，恶露尚未尽。乃曰∶此注漏卮也，即于前方中去官桂、木香，入炒黑干姜、蜜炒升麻、柴胡各一钱二分，
阿胶、艾叶各八分，二剂而恶露止。前方除此五味频与之，脓浆充满，至二十余日乃收靥。计服药四十余帖，
每剂用参、 各三钱，丁、桂各一钱，他药称是，岂区区常格之所能尽哉。痘后又患眼肿，翳颇盛，服清毒拨
翳汤，数十剂而愈。
周表侄孙十岁出痘，极稠密，颈项尤多，俗名锁颈，又有暴胀贼痘数粒在各处，其痘初出带紫黑色，医谓
断不可治。周视之，已六日余矣，尚无些少脓浆。或者犹欲解毒。周曰∶此但脓浆充满便可生，且至此时，尚
何毒之可解也？儿素娇，不肯服药，而喜饮酒。（尚能饮酒，非逆症可知。）周曰∶此时正宜饮酒。遂与参、
归、鹿茸汤一大剂，令浓煎汁，以好酒相半，和匀频饮之。自申至辰，服完一剂，其头面各处，已脓浆大半矣。
至午刻，忽溏泄二次，知其内虚脾弱也，以参术散投之，稀粥内服二三钱，泄止。再服参归鹿茸汤一帖，遂充
满矣。痂后余毒颇盛，大便秘涩，用大连翘饮，加酒炒大黄一钱二分，数剂而安。
一幼儿三岁出痘，将靥时，泄不止，诸药不效，周以七味豆蔻丸数十粒与之，亦不能止。其丸从大便而出，
知其虚滑甚也。仍以前方，教以米饮浸软，研如泥，和粥少许食之，泄止痘靥而安。（服法精妙。）
一幼女年六岁出痘，其症虚弱，先服补药已多，结痂后，忽泄不止。服异功散加诃、蔻不效，医将以七味
豆蔻丸与之。周谓此女一向服补药，何一旦虚滑若是？因审其大便时多努力，且所下又少而色黄，此必毒瓦斯流
注而然也。遂以加味四苓散与之，一服泄止。后因大便燥结，复入槟榔、青皮、炒枳壳等味，数剂而安。
徐灵胎曰∶今天下之医法失传者，莫如痘疹。痘之源，藏于脏腑骨脉，而发于天时。所谓本于脏腑骨脉者，
凡人生受生之初，阴阳二气，交感成形，其始因火而动，则必有渣滓未融之处，伏于脏腑骨脉之中，此痘之本
源也。然外无感召，则伏而不出。及天地寒暑阴阳之气， 戾日积，与人身之脏腑气血相应，则其毒随之而
越，此发于天时者也。而天时有五运六气之殊，标本胜复之异，气体既禀受不同，感发又随时各别，则治法必
能通乎造化之理而补救之，此至精至微之术也。奈何以寒凉发之，毒药劫之哉？夫痘之源不外乎气血也。然《内
经》云∶火郁则发之。其遇天时炎热，火甚易发者，清解固宜。若冬春之际，气为寒束，则不起发。发而精血
不充则无浆，浆而精血不继即不靥。则温散补养之法，缺一不可，岂得概用寒凉。至其用蚯蚓、桑虫、全蝎等
毒药，为祸尤烈。夫以毒攻毒者，谓毒瓦斯内陷，一时不能托出，则借其力以透发之。此皆危笃之症，千百中不
得一者，乃视为常用之药，则无毒者，反益其毒矣。病家因其能知此死期，故死而不怨。孰知服彼之药，无有
不死。非其识见之高，何能用药之灵也？故症之生死，全赖气血。当清火解毒者，则清火解毒。当培养气血者，
则温托滋补，斯不失一矣。呜呼！谬说流传，起于明季，至今尤甚。惟以寒药数品，按日定方，不效则继以毒
药，如此而已。夫以至变至微之病，而立至定至粗之法，故世俗以为痘科最易，不知杀人亦最多也。又曰∶种
痘之法，乃仙传也，有九善焉。凡物欲其聚，惟痘不欲其聚。痘未出而强之使出，其毒不聚，一也。凡物欲其
多，痘欲其少，强之出必少，二也。凡物欲其大，痘欲其小，强之出必小，三也。不感时痘之戾气，四也。择天地
温和之日，五也。择小儿无他病之时，六也。其痘苗皆取种出，无毒之善种，七也。又痘必浆成十分，而后毒
不陷，种痘之浆，五分以上即无害，八也。凡痘必十二朝成靥，并有延至一月者，种痘则九朝已回，九也。其
有种而死者，深用悔恨，不知种而死者，则自出断无不死之理，不必悔也。至于种出危险之痘，或生痘毒，此
则医家不能用药之故。种痘之人，更能略知治痘之法，则尤为十全矣。
朱应我治一儿六岁，热二日，初报点头即倾倒。视之，点无大形影，其父母皆以为此子决不得生，朱许以
七日可愈。为其面色清淡无神，的是气虚不振，故不出也。用麻黄重剂一服，随即用姜、葱、酒捣胡荽擦之。
此二月天时也，被覆而坐之火上，至黄昏，即用人参补之。夜半视之，已朗朗然报出矣，更成尖圆之点，计服
人参两余而愈。
小儿痘后开眼，内有星翳，用杭州胭脂泡水，复以底铺水上，用新笔在纸上蘸水，一日怫三次，三日即愈。
周妹，二十三岁，怀孕三四月时，偶然受到惊恐，不久回娘家居住，没几天就发生半产（流产），又没过几天便出现发热症状。两天后痘疹发出很多，到第四五天出齐，非常稠密，颜色淡白并伴有呕吐。医生见她禀赋怯弱，且在半产后痘疹又多，都不敢进行治疗。周曰说：“哪有坐以待毙的道理呢？”于是用人参、白术、陈皮等药物来安和胃气，止住呕吐，痘色也稍微变得红润鲜活。周曰高兴地说：“这可以通过温补治愈。”便用人参、鹿茸、当归、白芍、炙甘草、丁香、肉桂、木香等，大剂量投服，感觉痘色转为红润鲜活。如果半天不喂药，痘色就又转淡白。因此一昼夜必须服完两大剂药。到了化脓阶段，恶露尚未排尽。周曰说：“这是漏卮（比喻漏洞，此处指气血漏泄）啊。”就在前方中去掉官桂、木香，加入炒黑干姜、蜜炒升麻、柴胡各一钱二分，阿胶、艾叶各八分，服用两剂后恶露停止。继续频繁服用前方除去那五味药后的方子，脓浆充满，直到二十多天才结痂。共计服药四十多帖，每剂用人参、鹿茸各三钱，丁香、肉桂各一钱，其他药物分量相当，哪里是普通的常规方法所能穷尽的呢？痘后她又患眼肿，翳膜很盛，服用清毒拨翳汤，几十剂后痊愈。
周表侄孙十岁时出痘，极稠密，颈部尤其多，俗名“锁颈”，又有几粒暴胀贼痘分布在各处。他的痘初出时带紫黑色，医生说绝对不可治。周曰观察他，已经六天多了，还没有一点脓浆。或许还想解毒。周曰说：“只要脓浆充满就能活命，况且到了这个时候，还有什么毒可解呢？”这孩子向来娇气，不肯服药，却喜欢喝酒。（尚能饮酒，可知不是逆症。）周曰说：“这时正适宜喝酒。”于是给参、归、鹿茸汤一大剂，令其浓煎汁液，用好酒对半混合，均匀地频频饮用。从申时到辰时，服完一剂，头面各处的痘已大半充满脓浆。到了午时，忽然腹泻两次，知道他是内虚脾弱，便用参术散投服，在稀粥内调入二三钱，腹泻停止。再服参归鹿茸汤一帖，痘浆便充满了。结痂后余毒颇盛，大便秘涩，用大连翘饮，加酒炒大黄一钱二分，几剂后安稳。
一个幼儿三岁出痘，快要结痂时，腹泻不止，各种药物无效，周曰给他七味豆蔻丸数十粒，也不能止泻。丸子原样从大便排出，知道他虚滑得很严重。仍然用前方，教他用米汤浸软，研成泥状，拌少许粥吃下，腹泻停止，痘结痂而安。（服药方法精妙。）
一个幼女六岁出痘，症状虚弱，先服了很多补药，结痂后，忽然腹泻不止。服用异功散加诃子、豆蔻无效，医生准备给她用七味豆蔻丸。周曰说这个女孩一向服用补药，怎么突然虚滑到这种地步？于是审察她大便时多次用力，且所下粪便少而色黄，这一定是毒瓦斯流注所致。于是用加味四苓散给她，一服后腹泻停止。后来因大便燥结，再次加入槟榔、青皮、炒枳壳等药味，几剂后安稳。
徐灵胎说：如今天下失传的医法，没有比痘疹更严重的了。痘的根源，藏于脏腑骨脉，而发于天时。所谓本于脏腑骨脉的，凡是人受生之初，阴阳二气交感成形，开始因火而动，则必有渣滓未融之处，伏于脏腑骨脉之中，这就是痘的本源。然而如果没有外感的感召，就会潜伏而不发。等到天地寒暑阴阳之气，戾气日积，与人身之脏腑气血相应，那么毒随之而越，这就是发于天时。而天时有五运六气的不同，标本胜复的差异，气体既然禀受不同，感发又随时各异，那么治法必须通晓造化之理来补救，这是极其精微的技术。为何要用寒凉药发散，用毒药劫夺呢？痘的根源不外乎气血。然而《内经》说：火郁则发之。如果遇到天时炎热，火甚易发的，清解固然适宜。若在冬春之际，气为寒束，则不起发。起发而精血不充则无浆，有浆而精血不继即不结痂。那么温散补养的方法，缺一不可，怎么能一概用寒凉药。至于使用蚯蚓、桑虫、全蝎等毒药，祸害尤为猛烈。所谓以毒攻毒，是说毒瓦斯内陷，一时不能托出，才借其力以透发之。这都是危重笃深的病症，千百中难得一例，却视为常用药物，那么无毒者，反而增加了毒性。病人因为知道他能预知死期，所以死了也不怨恨。谁知道服用他的药，没有不死的。如果不是见识高超，怎么能用药如此灵验呢？所以病的生死，全赖气血。当清火解毒时，就清火解毒。当培养气血时，就温托滋补，这才不失其一。唉！谬说流传，始于明代末年，至今更加严重。只是用几种寒药，按日定方，无效则继以毒药，如此而已。用变化极大极微的疾病，设立固定粗疏的方法，所以世俗认为痘科最容易，不知道杀人也最多。又说：种痘之法，是仙传，有九善。凡物希望聚集，只有痘不希望聚集。痘未出而强行使其出，其毒不聚，这是一善。凡物希望多，痘希望少，强行出必少，这是二善。凡物希望大，痘希望小，强行出必小，这是三善。不感受时行痘的戾气，这是四善。选择天地温和的日子，这是五善。选择小儿无其他疾病的时候，这是六善。其痘苗都取自种出，无毒的好种子，这是七善。又痘必须浆成十分，然后毒不陷入，种痘的浆，五分以上即无害，这是八善。凡痘必须十二朝结痂，并有延至一个月的，种痘则九朝已回，这是九善。其中有种而死的，深用悔恨，不知道种而死的，则自然出的断无不死之理，不必后悔。至于种出危险的痘，或生痘毒，这是医生不能用药的缘故。种痘的人，如果能略知治痘的方法，那就更为十全了。
朱应我治疗一个六岁男孩，发热两天，刚报点就倾倒。视诊，点无大形影，其父母都认为这孩子决不能活，朱应我许诺七天可愈。因为他面色清淡无神，确实是气虚不振，所以不出。用麻黄重剂一服，随即用姜、葱、酒捣碎胡荽擦拭。此时正值二月天时，让他覆盖坐于火上，到黄昏，立即用人参补益。半夜看时，已经朗朗然报出了，更形成尖圆之点，共计服人参一两多而愈。
Zhou Mei, aged twenty-three, was three or four months pregnant when she accidentally suffered from fright. Shortly after returning to her natal home for a visit, she experienced a miscarriage (half-birth). A few days later, she developed fever. Two days after the fever started, many pox appeared. By the fourth or fifth day, they were fully erupted, extremely dense, pale in color, and accompanied by vomiting. Observing her weak constitution and the fact that the pox erupted heavily after a miscarriage, physicians dared not administer treatment. Zhou Yue said, "How can one sit and wait for death?" He then used Ren Shen (Ginseng), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), and Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel) to harmonize the Stomach Qi and stop vomiting, which made the pox color slightly redder and more vibrant. Delighted, Zhou Yue said, "This can be cured with warming and tonifying." He prescribed a large dose of Ren Shen (Ginseng), Lu Rong (Deer Antler), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice), Ding Xiang (Clove), Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark), and Mu Xiang (Aucklandia). The patient felt the pox color turn redder and more vibrant. If medication was withheld for half a day, the color would fade again. Therefore, two large doses had to be administered within a day and night. When the pus formation stage arrived, lochia had not completely ceased. Zhou Yue said, "This is like a leaking vessel (referring to leakage of Qi and Blood)." He modified the previous formula by removing Guan Gui (Cinnamon Twig) and Mu Xiang, and added Chao Hei Gan Jiang (Charred Dried Ginger), Mi Chao Sheng Ma (Honey-fried Cimicifuga), and Chai Hu (Bupleurum), each 1 qian 2 fen, along with E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Ai Ye (Mugwort Leaf), each 8 fen. After two doses, the lochia stopped. The modified formula (excluding those five herbs) was frequently administered. The pustules filled up, and scabbing occurred after more than twenty days. In total, over forty prescriptions were taken. Each prescription used 3 qian of Ren Shen (Ginseng) and Lu Rong (Deer Antler), and 1 qian of Ding Xiang (Clove) and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark). Other herbs were weighed accordingly. How could such ordinary standard methods suffice? After the pox, she suffered from swollen eyes with severe nebula. She took Qing Du Bo Yi Tang (Clear Toxin Remove Nebula Decoction) for dozens of doses until recovered.
Zhou's cousin's grandson, aged ten, contracted smallpox. The eruption was extremely dense, especially on the neck and nape, commonly known as "Locking the Neck." There were also several cases of sudden swelling and dark pox scattered elsewhere. Initially, the pox appeared purple-black. Physicians declared it incurable. Zhou Yue examined him; it had been over six days since eruption, yet there was still no pus. Perhaps one might still wish to resolve the toxin. Zhou Yue said, "Life depends only on the filling of pus. At this stage, what toxin remains to be resolved?" The child was delicate and refused medicine but liked drinking wine. (The ability to drink wine indicates it is not a adverse condition.) Zhou Yue said, "Drinking wine is appropriate at this time." He prepared a large dose of Ren Shen (Ginseng), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), and Lu Rong (Deer Antler) decoction, concentrated it, mixed it equally with good wine, and instructed frequent sipping. From Shen hour to Chen hour, one dose was consumed. The pox on the head and face were more than half filled with pus. At Wu hour, he suddenly had loose stools twice. Recognizing internal deficiency and Spleen weakness, Zhou Yue administered Shen Zhu San (Ginseng and Atractylodes Powder), mixed with 2-3 qian in thin porridge, stopping the diarrhea. Another dose of Ren Shen, Dang Gui, and Lu Rong decoction was given, and the pustules became fully filled. After scabbing, residual toxins were strong, causing constipation. Da Lian Qiao Yin (Large Forsythia Decoction) was used with Jiu Chao Da Huang (Wine-fried Rhubarb) 1 qian 2 fen. After several doses, the condition stabilized.
A three-year-old toddler contracted smallpox. During the scabbing phase, diarrhea persisted despite various treatments. Zhou Yue gave dozens of pills of Qi Wei Dou Kou Wan (Seven-Ingredient Cardamom Pill), but it failed to stop the diarrhea. The pills passed through the stool unchanged, indicating severe deficiency and slipping. Zhou Yue used the same formula, instructing the parents to soak the pills in rice water until soft, grind them into a paste, and mix with a little porridge for the child to eat. The diarrhea stopped, the pox scabbed, and the child recovered. (The method of administration was exquisite.)
A six-year-old girl contracted smallpox. Her symptoms were weak. She had taken many tonics beforehand. After scabbing, sudden persistent diarrhea occurred. Yi Gong San (Benefit the Work Powder) plus He Zi (Chebula Fruit) and Dou Kou (Cardamom) failed. The physician intended to use Qi Wei Dou Kou Wan. Zhou Yue asked, "This girl has always taken tonics; why is she now so deficient and slipping?" Upon examining her defecation, he noted she strained frequently, and the stool was scanty and yellow. This must be due to toxic qi flowing and depositing. He prescribed Jia Wei Si Ling San (Modified Four Poria Powder). One dose stopped the diarrhea. Later, due to dry and hard stools, Bin Lang (Areca Seed), Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel), and Chao Zhi Ke (Stir-fried Aurantium) were added. Several doses brought stability.
Xu Lingtai said: Among medical methods lost today, none are more so than those for smallpox. The origin of smallpox lies in the Zang-Fu organs, bones, and vessels, and manifests according to the times (Heavenly timing). What is meant by originating in the Zang-Fu, bones, and vessels is that at the beginning of human conception, when Yin and Yang Qi interact to form shape, movement begins with Fire. There must be residues that have not melted, lying dormant in the Zang-Fu, bones, and vessels. This is the root of smallpox. However, without external induction, it remains latent. When the cold, heat, Yin, and Yang Qi of Heaven and Earth accumulate malicious energy, corresponding to the Zang-Fu and Qi-Blood of the body, the toxin emerges. This is manifestation according to Heavenly timing. Since Heavenly timing varies with the Five Movements and Six Qi, and differences in root/branch and overcoming/recovery exist, and since individuals have different constitutions and inductions vary by time, treatment must understand the principles of creation to remedy these conditions. This is an extremely refined art. Why use cold-cooling to disperse and poisonous drugs to劫 (rob/seize)? The source of smallpox is nothing other than Qi and Blood. As the *Nei Jing* states: "When Fire is depressed, disperse it." If encountering hot weather where Fire easily erupts, clearing and resolving is appropriate. But in winter and spring, if Qi is constrained by Cold, eruption fails. If eruption occurs but Essence and Blood are insufficient, there is no pus. If pus forms but Essence and Blood do not follow, scabbing fails. Thus, warming-dispersing and tonifying-nourishing methods are indispensable. How can one generally use cold-cooling? Using poisonous drugs like Earthworms, Mulberry Insects, and Scorpions causes even greater harm. "Using poison to attack poison" applies only when toxic qi sinks inward and cannot be pushed out temporarily, borrowing their power to penetrate and erupt. These are critical cases, rare among thousands. Treating them as common medicines makes non-toxic cases increase toxicity. Patients die without resentment because they know he predicts death accurately. Who knows that taking his medicine leads inevitably to death? Only with high insight can one use medicine so effectively. Thus, life and death depend entirely on Qi and Blood. When clearing Fire and resolving toxin is needed, do so. When nourishing Qi and Blood is needed, use warming-supporting and tonifying methods. This preserves integrity. Alas! Erroneous theories spread since the late Ming Dynasty, becoming worse today. They simply use a few cold herbs, fix formulas by day, and if ineffective, add poisonous drugs. For a disease of extreme change and subtlety, establishing fixed and coarse methods makes laypeople think smallpox treatment is easiest, unaware it kills the most. Also: Vaccination (Variolation) is a immortal transmission with nine benefits. Things usually desire aggregation, but smallpox does not. Forcing eruption before time prevents toxin aggregation—Benefit 1. Things desire abundance, but smallpox desires scarcity. Forced eruption results in fewer pox—Benefit 2. Things desire size, but smallpox desires smallness. Forced eruption results in smaller pox—Benefit 3. Avoiding the malicious qi of seasonal smallpox—Benefit 4. Selecting mild days of Heaven and Earth—Benefit 5. Selecting times when children have no other illnesses—Benefit 6. Taking vaccine material from vaccinated sources, using non-toxic good seeds—Benefit 7. Natural smallpox requires full pus formation to prevent toxin sinking; vaccinated pox with 50%+ pus formation is harmless—Benefit 8. Natural smallpox takes twelve days to scab, sometimes a month; vaccinated pox returns in nine days—Benefit 9. Those who die after vaccination should not regret, as natural eruption would certainly be fatal—Benefit 9 (implied continuation). Dangerous pox or toxin generation after vaccination is due to physicians' inability to treat properly. If vaccinators also know treatment methods, perfection is achieved.
Zhu Yingwo treated a six-year-old boy with fever for two days. Upon initial reporting of spots, they collapsed. Examination showed spots lacked distinct shape. Parents believed the child would surely die. Zhu promised recovery in seven days. The child's complexion was pale and spiritless, indicating Qi deficiency and lack of vigor, hence no eruption. A heavy dose of Ma Huang (Ephedra) was given. Immediately after, ginger, green onion, and wine were used to crush and rub Hu Sui (Coriander). It was February. The child was covered and sat over fire. By dusk, Ren Shen (Ginseng) was administered to tonify. At midnight, the spots were clearly visible, forming sharp, round points. Over 1 liang of Ren Shen was consumed, and the child recovered.
For a child with eye opening after smallpox suffering from star-shaped nebula inside, Hangzhou rouge was soaked in water. The bottom was placed on the water surface. A new brush dipped in water on paper was used to apply to the eye three times a day. Recovery occurred in three days.