徐仲光治一儿痘，初标于下颊，肾部也，形平陷，气不足也，少神，血不足也。六脉沉弱，五朝尚暗，色
不起，两腿作痛，便溏，有气凝血滞之象，此乃气虚脾弱之症。宜大补中气，以补中益气汤加蝉蜕、肉桂、羌
活，二剂而起胀。继以保元汤加肉桂、陈皮调理。八朝溏泄不已，加木香、诃子、肉蔻治之而愈。
一儿痘起胀，顶平而色淡白，渴泻肢冷，喜热饮。经曰∶阴甚者，饮沸汤不知热。又曰∶大寒而盛、热之
不热，是无火也。治之宜益火之源，以消阴翳，用陈皮散、异功散，又八味丸，治之而愈。
一儿痘六日，稠密，形平塌，色黑滞，有拟云掩天庭者，有拟锁项锁胸者。然形色虽逆，而四肢红活绽突，
唇口红润，起止安宁，饮食如常，二便调适。虽毒盛，气血不足，幸脾胃尚强，宜补养而兼保固。以补中益气
加紫草、蝉蜕、牛蒡等剂，其逆痘俱平，浆破漏结痂，发疔痈数处而愈。（此亦气虚血热之证，用药甚合法。）
费养恒治一儿，因内伤而吐，次日见痘甚密，一日绝无起势，松肌透表，二剂不应。次日以保元汤加姜、
桂少许，二剂亦不应。三日加参、 至三钱，四五日略起，终顶陷囊薄。七日加参 五钱，鹿茸膏半杯，仍无
沛然之势。或谓邪得补而愈盛，曰∶果尔，则烦热燥渴，色苍老矾红矣。今皮薄色白，头温足冷，症可知也。
乃以参、 各一两，鹿茸膏大半盏，一剂即绽突如珠，根红顶白，不一日，浆即肥脓。其后收功不假余力，是
以补为泻之一验也。今无是症矣。（二句乃建中之言。）
徐仲光治疗一名患痘疮的幼儿，痘疹初现于下颊部位，此处对应肾部，痘形平坦凹陷，说明气不足；精神萎靡，说明血不足。六脉沉弱，发病第六天痘色仍然晦暗，颜色不起，双腿疼痛，大便稀溏，呈现出气凝血滞的征象，这是气虚脾弱的病症。应当大补中气，使用补中益气汤加入蝉蜕、肉桂、羌活，服用两剂后痘疹开始隆起。随后用保元汤加入肉桂、陈皮进行调理。到第八天腹泻仍未停止，加入木香、诃子、肉豆蔻治疗而痊愈。
另一名幼儿痘疹起胀时，痘顶平坦且颜色淡白，口渴腹泻，四肢发冷，喜欢喝热饮。医经说：“阴寒极盛时，即使喝沸水也感觉不到热。”又说：“大寒之证极盛，用温热药治疗却不见温热反应，这是因为命门火衰（无火）。”治疗应当益火之源，以消除阴寒之邪，使用陈皮散、异功散，以及八味丸治疗而痊愈。
又一名幼儿患痘疮六日，痘疹稠密，形态平塌，颜色黑滞，有的像乌云遮蔽天庭，有的像锁项锁胸般凶险。然而虽然形色属于逆证，但四肢红润鲜活且突起，嘴唇红色润泽，起居安宁，饮食如常，大小便正常。虽然毒邪炽盛，气血不足，幸好脾胃功能尚强，应当采用补养兼固护的方法。使用补中益气汤加入紫草、蝉蜕、牛蒡等药物，那些逆证的痘疹全部平复，浆液破裂漏出并结痂，长出几处疔痈后痊愈。（这也是气虚血热的证候，用药非常合乎法度。）
费养恒治疗一名幼儿，因内伤导致呕吐，第二天出现痘疹非常密集，一整天都没有起势的迹象，使用松肌透表的方法，服用两剂药没有效果。第二天用保元汤加入少许生姜、肉桂，服用两剂也没有效果。第三天加入人参至三钱，第四五天痘疹略微隆起，但最终痘顶凹陷、痘囊壁薄。第七天加入人参五钱，鹿茸膏半杯，仍然没有充沛隆起的态势。有人说是因为邪气得到补益而更加旺盛，费养恒说：“果真如此，那么患者会出现烦热燥渴，面色苍老呈矾红色。现在皮肤薄、颜色白，头部温足部冷，症状可以推断出来了。”于是用人参、黄芪各一两，鹿茸膏大半盏，服用一剂后痘疹立即绽突如珠，根部红顶部白，不到一天，浆液即变得肥厚成脓。其后收功毫不费力，这是“以补为泻”的一个验证。如今已经没有这种病症了。（这两句是建立中气的话。）
Xu Zhongguang treated a child with smallpox. The lesions initially appeared on the lower cheek, corresponding to the Kidney region. The lesions were flat and depressed, indicating Qi deficiency; the spirit was lacking, indicating Blood deficiency. The six pulses were deep and weak. On the sixth day, the color remained dull and did not rise. The legs were painful, and there was loose stool, presenting signs of Qi stagnation and Blood stasis. This is a syndrome of Qi deficiency and Spleen weakness. It is appropriate to greatly tonify Middle Qi using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Chan Tui (Cicada Slough), Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark), and Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix). After two doses, the lesions began to swell. Subsequently, Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction) added with Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) was used for regulation. By the eighth day, diarrhea persisted, so Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), He Zi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus), and Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen) were added, and the patient recovered.
Another child presented with swollen smallpox lesions that were flat at the apex and pale white in color, accompanied by thirst, diarrhea, cold limbs, and a preference for hot drinks. The Classics state: "When Yin Cold is extreme, one does not feel heat even when drinking boiling water." It also states: "In cases of severe Cold where warming treatment fails to produce warmth, it indicates the absence of Fire (Mingmen Fire)." Treatment should involve benefiting the source of Fire to dissipate Yin shadows. Chenpi San (Tangerine Peel Powder), Yigong San (Extraordinary Efficacy Powder), and Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) were used, and the patient recovered.
A third child had smallpox for six days. The lesions were dense, flat, and dark/stagnant in color, resembling clouds obscuring the forehead or locks binding the neck and chest. Although the appearance indicated an adverse prognosis, the four limbs were red, vibrant, and protruding; the lips were red and moist; activity and rest were peaceful; diet was normal; and urination and defecation were regulated. Although the toxin was abundant and Qi/Blood were deficient, fortunately, the Spleen and Stomach were still strong. Therefore, nourishment combined with consolidation was appropriate. Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Zicao (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix), Chan Tui (Cicada Slough), and Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) was administered. All adverse lesions flattened, the pus broke and leaked, scabs formed, and several ding abscesses appeared before recovery. (This is also a syndrome of Qi deficiency and Blood Heat; the medication was highly appropriate.)
Fei Yangheng treated a child who vomited due to internal injury. The next day, smallpox appeared very densely, but showed no rising trend throughout the day. A method to loosen the muscle layer and penetrate the exterior was used, but two doses yielded no effect. The following day, Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction) added with a small amount of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) was given, but two doses again yielded no effect. On the third day, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) was increased to 3 qian. By the fourth and fifth days, the lesions slightly rose, but ultimately the apex remained depressed and the sac wall thin. On the seventh day, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) was increased to 5 qian, along with half a cup of Lurong Gao (Deer Antler Paste), yet there was still no vigorous rising momentum. Some argued that the pathogen became more vigorous due to tonification. Fei replied: "If this were true, there would be vexation, heat, dryness, thirst, and a rough, old-looking, alum-red complexion. Now the skin is thin and white, the head is warm, and the feet are cold; the syndrome can be deduced from this." Consequently, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) were each prescribed at 1 liang, along with more than half a cup of Lurong Gao (Deer Antler Paste). After one dose, the lesions immediately protruded like pearls, with red roots and white tops. Within less than a day, the fluid became thick and purulent. The subsequent recovery required no further effort, demonstrating a verification of 'using tonification as purgation.' Such syndromes are rare nowadays. (These two sentences refer to establishing Middle Qi.)