张子和治常仲明，尝于炎暑时，风快处披露肌肤，为风所贼，三日鼻窒，虽坐于暖处少通，终不大解，使
服通圣散，入生姜、葱根、豆豉同煎，三两服大发汗，鼻立通矣。（此由伤风而得。）
有人患鼻中有 肉，垂出鼻外，不闻香臭，用瓜蒂、细辛等分，为细末，以绵包如豆许塞鼻中，须臾鼻即
通， 肉化为黄水，点滴至尽，三四日愈。又《圣惠方》用陈瓜蒂，以羊脂和敷上，日三次，效。（《医学纲目》。）
薛立斋治一男子，面白鼻流清涕，不闻香臭三年矣，（此肺气虚也。）用补中益气汤加山栀、麦冬而愈。
陈都宪夫人患鼻疳，烂通鼻孔，用鹿角一两，白矾一两瓦上 过，人头发五钱灯火上烧过，为末，用花椒
汤洗净，糁药疳上，三四次即愈。如不收口，瓦松烧灰存性，研末干糁之即收。
一人酒 鼻红赤，用金花丸晚服，（芩、连、栀、柏、大黄、桔梗、白葛粉，井水为丸。）用六味地黄丸
全料加当归二两，苦参四两，空心服，不两月而愈。
孙文垣治吴仪制尚卿，弱冠时病鼻塞，不能喷嚏四年，且衄，寒月更甚，口渴，咽喉边有痰核。脉之，
右寸关洪滑，此肺经痰火症也。与前胡、秦艽、葛根、薄荷、石膏、天花粉、元参、贝母、山栀、甘草、白药
子、桔梗、丹皮，四帖而衄止。夜与牛黄三清丸数粒噙之，鼻气即通利能嗅，噙未旬日全愈。
一妇人方妙龄，表虚易感风寒，致成鼻渊，流清涕不止，便觉头晕，两太阳常痛，且多喷嚏，脉之，两寸
洪大，用秦艽、酒芩、桑白皮、马兜铃各八分，白芍一钱，滑石、石膏各二钱，枳壳、蔓荆子各五分，甘草三
分，四帖而愈。
病鼻赤者，乃阳明胃经火上炎。一方只食盐一味，研细，每晨起撮少许擦齿，噙水荡漱，旋吐掌中，掬以
洗面。行之月余，而鼻色复旧，且有益于齿。（苏谈。）
吴孚先治一人，患鼻渊十载，乃脾肺气虚下陷，须用补中益气汤，百剂方愈。不信，用白芷、防风、辛荑、
川芎等味，病转甚。复求治，与前方百帖而痊。
丹溪治一中年人，右鼻管流浊且臭，脉弦小，右寸滑，左寸涩，灸上星、三里、合谷，次以酒芩二两，苍
术、半夏各一两，辛荑、川芎、白芷、石膏、人参、葛根各五钱，分七帖服之全愈，乃痰郁火热之症也。（《大还》。）
一人鼻中流臭黄水，脑亦痛，名控脑痧，有虫食脑中。用丝瓜藤近根三五尺许，烧存性，为细末，酒调服
即愈。又灸法，囟会、（在鼻中直上，入发际二寸，再容豆是穴。）通天，（在囟会上一寸，两旁各一寸。）灸七
壮，随鼻左右灸。常见灸后去臭肉一块，从鼻中出，臭不可言而愈。
有人卒食，物从鼻中缩入脑中，介介痛不得出，以牛脂或羊脂，如指头大内鼻中，以鼻吸入。须臾脂消，
物逐脂出也。（《治法汇》。）
孙文垣治从侄中叔，以暑月赴南雍，一日假出，索茶饮之，辄从左鼻逆流而出，入腹者十之三，治几一
月，即粥饭亦多鼻出矣，服药渐加恶心，头晕肌削，四肢无力。诊毕，询医作何症，投何剂。曰∶佥谓此疾，
书所不载，治法无稽。或云胃火，或云诸逆上冲，皆属肝火。所用非黄连解毒，即三黄石膏，及诸苦寒之剂。
自以多饮，火因酒动，理或为然，然竟无效。曰∶治病贵辨经络之贯通，与脏腑之出入，岂拘拘徒守方书而已
哉！经云∶咽喉者，水谷之道路，气之所以上下者也。颃颡者，分气之所泄也。人之涕出不收者，颃颡不开也，
此症亦类是耳。颃颡不开，故氧上而不下，会厌弱而不能掩其气喉。夫鼻干气喉相通，惟不掩故饮食逆从鼻窍
而出。不见常人偶气逆，则饮食从喷嚏出乎？今右脉缓弱无力，气虚明矣。经云∶形寒饮冷则伤肺。脾胃喜温
而恶寒，因多服寒凉，所以恶心头晕肌削也。盖肺属金而主气，金气旺则收敛下降，气下降则饮食自不逆矣。
六君子汤加辛荑、桑白皮、苡仁、沉香，一进而势缓，三进而止大半，七剂全安。
王执中母氏，久病鼻干，有冷气。问诸医者，医者亦不晓。但云疾病去自愈，既而病去亦不愈也。后因灸
绝骨而渐愈。执中亦常患此，偶绝骨微疼而着艾，鼻干亦失去。初不知是灸绝骨之力，后阅《千金方》有此症，
始知鼻干之去，因灸绝骨也。若鼻涕多，宜灸囟会、前顶。大人小儿之病，初无异焉。
许知可自停饮食已，必嚏，服枣膏丸而愈。（《本事方》。）
孙氏姑鼻不闻香臭有年矣，后因他病，友人缪仲淳为处方，每服用桑皮至七八钱，服久而鼻塞忽然通矣。
魏玉横曰∶沈晋培年三十许，患鼻渊，黄浊如脓。时医以为风热上淫于脑，与薄荷、辛荑、川芎、苍耳、
白芷、蔓荆古方，治之不效，反增左边头痛，所下涕亦惟左鼻孔多。就诊曰∶此肝火上炎为疾耳。与生熟地、
杞子、沙参、麦冬，十余剂而愈。是症由伤风用力去涕而得者易愈。若因火盛而成，必由水亏而致。盖肝脉上
络巅顶，督脉会脑为髓海，为龙火郁蒸，故脓浊腥秽，源源而下，有若渊然。久之，督脉之髓，亦随输泄，致
成劳损者有之。医学自立斋以前，宋、元、明初诸公，未详肝肾之治。至国朝诸老，亦渐讲明，然多杂 、术、
桂、附，惟集灵膏一方最善，《治法汇》载之。但云吴中一医用之所向神效，是亦知其然而未知其所以然也。
故守《兔园》一册，其覆 多矣。
一瞽者徐姓，年三十来，鼻渊年余，医亦与辛散，服之觉反甚，遂坚守不药之戒，此古人心静自能消息病
情，故不为庸所误。后遇予，教服集灵膏，十余帖而愈。
一费氏子，年二十余，亦患此症，时师与辛荑、苍耳、芎、芷、荆、薄之属，至百二十剂。后就诊于予，
两手脉神气索然，告以不可治矣，果月余而殁。
《广笔记》曰∶经云胆移热于脑，则为鼻渊。夫髓者，至精之物，为水之属。脑者，至阳之物，清气所居。
今为浊气邪热所干，遂下臭浊之汁，是火能消物，脑有所伤也。治法先宜清肃上焦气道，继以镇坠心火，补
养水源，此其大略耳。药多取夫辛凉者，辛为金而入肺，有清肃之义，故每用以引散上焦之邪，如薄荷、荆芥、
甘菊、连翘、升麻、鼠粘子、天麻之属。镇坠心火，补养水源，如犀角、人参、天冬、麦冬、五味、朱砂、甘
草、山药、生地、茯苓、丹皮之属，然须兼理肺肝。盖鼻乃肺窍，而为脑气宣通之路，又治乎上焦，而行清肃
之令。胆为春升少阳之气，与厥阴为表里，而上属于脑。载人有云∶胆与三焦寻火治。《内经》谓胆热由肝，
义亦明矣。理肺用桑皮、鼠粘、桔梗、二冬、花粉、竹沥。清肝胆以柴胡、白芍、羚羊角、竹茹、枣仁、川芎。
或者谓世人多用辛温辛热之药取效，此义何居？盖辛热甘温，多能宣通发散，故病之微者，亦能奏效。
此从治劫法，非不易常经，明者察之。
张子和治疗常仲明，曾在炎热酷暑之时，在风大的地方裸露肌肤，被风邪侵袭，导致三天鼻塞不通，虽然坐在温暖的地方稍微通气，但始终不能彻底通畅。让他服用通圣散，加入生姜、葱根、豆豉一同煎煮，服用三两后大发汗，鼻子立刻通畅了。（这是由伤风引起的。）
有人患鼻中长出息肉，垂出鼻孔之外，闻不到香味和臭味，用瓜蒂、细辛各等分，研成细末，用棉布包裹如豆子大小塞入鼻中，片刻之后鼻子就通了，息肉化为黄水，点滴流尽，三四天痊愈。另外《圣惠方》使用陈旧的瓜蒂，用羊脂调和敷在上面，每天三次，也有效。（出自《医学纲目》。）
薛立斋治疗一名男子，面色白，鼻流清涕，闻不到香味和臭味已经三年了，（这是肺气虚的表现。）用补中益气汤加山栀、麦冬而痊愈。
陈都宪夫人患鼻疳，腐烂贯通鼻孔，用鹿角一两，白矾一两在瓦上煅烧过，人头发五钱在灯火上烧过，研成末，用花椒汤洗净，将药末撒在疳疮上，三四次即愈。如果伤口不收敛，用瓦松烧灰存性，研末干撒即可收敛。
一人因饮酒导致鼻部红赤，用金花丸晚上服用，（黄芩、黄连、山栀、黄柏、大黄、桔梗、白葛粉，井水泛丸。）同时服用六味地黄丸全料，加当归二两，苦参四两，空腹服用，不到两个月痊愈。
孙文垣治疗吴仪制尚卿，二十岁时患鼻塞，不能打喷嚏四年，且伴有鼻出血，寒冷月份更严重，口渴，咽喉边有痰核。诊脉，右寸关洪滑，这是肺经痰火症。给予前胡、秦艽、葛根、薄荷、石膏、天花粉、元参、贝母、山栀、甘草、白药子、桔梗、丹皮，四帖后鼻出血停止。夜间含服牛黄三清丸数粒，鼻气即通畅能嗅到气味，含服不到十天完全痊愈。
一位妇女正值青春年华，表虚容易感受风寒，导致成为鼻渊，流清涕不止，便觉得头晕，两侧太阳穴经常疼痛，且多喷嚏。诊脉，两寸洪大，用秦艽、酒芩、桑白皮、马兜铃各八分，白芍一钱，滑石、石膏各二钱，枳壳、蔓荆子各五分，甘草三分，四帖而愈。
患鼻部红赤的病，是阳明胃经火上炎。一方只用食盐一味，研细，每早晨起床撮取少许擦牙齿，含水漱口，随即吐在手心，捧水洗脸。坚持一个多月，鼻色恢复如初，且对牙齿有益。（出自《苏谈》。）
吴孚先治疗一人，患鼻渊十年，是脾肺气虚下陷，必须用补中益气汤，一百剂才能痊愈。患者不信，用白芷、防风、辛荑、川芎等药，病情反而加重。再次求治，给前方一百帖而痊愈。
丹溪治疗一名中年人，右鼻管流浊且臭的液体，脉弦小，右寸滑，左寸涩，灸上星、三里、合谷穴，其次用酒芩二两，苍术、半夏各一两，辛荑、川芎、白芷、石膏、人参、葛根各五钱，分七帖服用完全痊愈，这是痰郁火热之症。（出自《大还》。）
一人鼻中流臭黄水，脑部也痛，名叫控脑痧，有虫食脑中。用丝瓜藤靠近根部三五尺左右，烧存性，研成细末，酒调服即愈。又有灸法，囟会穴，（在鼻中直上，入发际二寸，再容下一颗豆子大小的位置即是此穴。）通天穴，（在囟会上一寸，两旁各一寸。）灸七壮，随鼻子左右侧进行艾灸。常见灸后去出一块臭肉，从鼻中排出，臭不可言而痊愈。
有人突然进食，食物从鼻中缩入脑中，隐隐作痛不得出，用牛脂或羊脂，如指头大小纳入鼻中，用鼻子吸入。片刻之后油脂融化，食物随着油脂排出。（出自《治法汇》。）
孙文垣治疗堂侄中叔，在暑月前往南京游学，有一天请假出来，索要茶水饮用，却从左鼻逆流而出，进入腹中的只有十分之三，治疗近一个月，连粥饭也多从鼻中流出，服药逐渐增加恶心感，头晕肌肉消瘦，四肢无力。诊脉完毕，询问医生这是什么病，投什么药。医生说：大家都说这个病，书上没有记载，治疗方法没有依据。有人说胃火，有人说诸逆上冲，都属于肝火。所用的不是黄连解毒汤，就是三黄石膏汤，以及诸苦寒之剂。自以为饮水多，火因酒而动，道理或许是这样，然而竟然无效。我说：治病贵在辨别经络的贯通，与脏腑的出入，岂能拘泥地只守着方书呢！经书说：咽喉者，是水谷的道路，气所以上下的通道。颃颡者，是分气所泄的地方。人的鼻涕不收摄，是因为颃颡不开，这个症状也类似如此。颃颡不开，所以氧气上而不下降，会厌弱而不能掩盖其气喉。因为鼻干和气喉相通，正因为不掩盖，所以饮食逆着从鼻窍而出。没见常人偶尔气逆，则饮食从喷嚏出来吗？现在右脉缓弱无力，气虚很明显了。经书说：形寒饮冷则伤肺。脾胃喜温而恶寒，因为多服寒凉，所以恶心头晕肌肉消瘦。大概肺属金而主气，金气旺则收敛下降，气下降则饮食自然不逆了。六君子汤加辛荑、桑白皮、苡仁、沉香，进一剂后势头减缓，进三剂后止住大半，七剂完全安康。
王执中的母亲，久病鼻干，有冷气。问各位医生，医生也不懂。只说疾病去了自然会好，后来病好了也没有痊愈。后来因为灸绝骨穴而渐渐痊愈。王执中也常患此病，偶然绝骨微疼而施灸，鼻干也就消失了。起初不知道是灸绝骨的功效，后来阅读《千金方》有此症，才知道鼻干的消失，是因为灸绝骨。如果鼻涕多，宜灸囟会、前顶穴。大人小儿的病，起初没有不同。
许知可自己停止饮食之后，必定打喷嚏，服用枣膏丸而痊愈。（出自《本事方》。）
孙氏的姑母鼻子闻不到香味和臭味多年了，后来因为其他病，友人缪仲淳为她处方，每服用桑白皮至七八钱，服用久了鼻塞忽然通了。
魏玉横说：沈晋培年三十岁左右，患鼻渊，黄浊如脓。当时的医生认为是风热上淫于脑，给予薄荷、辛荑、川芎、苍耳、白芷、蔓荆古方，治疗不效，反而增加左边头痛，所流的鼻涕也只有左鼻孔多。就诊时说：这是肝火上炎为疾。给予生熟地、杞子、沙参、麦冬，十余剂而痊愈。这个病由伤风用力擤鼻涕而得的容易痊愈。如果因火盛而成，必由水亏所致。大概肝脉上络巅顶，督脉会脑为髓海，为龙火郁蒸，所以脓浊腥秽，源源而下，有如深渊一样。久而久之，督脉之髓，也随输泄，导致成为劳损的有这种情况。医学自立斋以前，宋、元、明初各位名家，未详细论述肝肾的治疗。到了本朝各位老前辈，也逐渐讲明，然而多杂用白术、桂枝、附子，只有集灵膏一方最好，《治法汇》记载它。只说吴中一个医生用它所向神效，这也是知其然而不知其所以然啊。所以死守《兔园》一书，它的错误太多了。
一位盲人姓徐，年三十多岁，患鼻渊一年多，医生也给他辛散药，服用后觉得反而加重，于是坚守不服药的戒律，这是古人内心平静自然能消长病情，所以不被庸医所误。后来遇到我，教他服用集灵膏，十余帖而痊愈。
一位费家的儿子，年二十多岁，也患这个病，当时的医生给予辛荑、苍耳、川芎、白芷、荆芥、薄荷之类，至一百二十剂。后来就诊于我，两手脉神气索然，告诉他不可治了，果然一个多月而死。
《广笔记》说：经书说胆移热于脑，则为鼻渊。髓，是最精之物，属于水类。脑，是最阳之物，清气所居之处。现在被浊气邪热干扰，遂下流臭浊之汁，是火能消物，脑有所伤了。治疗方法先宜清肃上焦气道，继以镇坠心火，补养水源，这是大概的方法。药物多取辛凉者，辛为金而入肺，有清肃之义，所以每用以引散上焦之邪，如薄荷、荆芥、甘菊、连翘、升麻、鼠粘子、天麻之类。镇坠心火，补养水源，如犀角、人参、天冬、麦冬、五味子、朱砂、甘草、山药、生地、茯苓、丹皮之类，然而须兼理肺肝。大概鼻乃肺窍，而为脑气宣通之路，又治乎上焦，而行清肃之令。胆为春升少阳之气，与厥阴为表里，而上属于脑。载人有云：胆与三焦寻火治。《内经》谓胆热由肝，义亦明矣。理肺用桑白皮、鼠粘子、桔梗、二冬、花粉、竹沥。清肝胆用柴胡、白芍、羚羊角、竹茹、枣仁、川芎。或者认为世人多用辛温辛热之药取效，这个意义何在？大概辛热甘温，多能宣通发散，所以病轻微的，也能奏效。这是从治劫法，并非不易常经，明智者察之。
Zi Hezi treated Chang Zhongming. Once, during the hot summer, he exposed his skin in a windy place and was attacked by wind pathogen. This resulted in nasal obstruction for three days. Although sitting in a warm place provided slight relief, it never fully resolved. He was prescribed Tongsheng San (Universal Rescue Decoction) decocted with fresh ginger, green onion roots, and fermented soybeans. After taking three liang, profuse sweating occurred, and the nasal obstruction immediately cleared. (This condition arose from wind-cold injury.)
Another patient had nasal polyps protruding from the nostrils, causing anosmia. Equal parts of Genggen (Melon Stalk) and Xixin (Asarum) were ground into fine powder, wrapped in cotton like a bean, and inserted into the nose. Soon after, the nose cleared, and the polyps dissolved into yellow discharge, dripping out completely. The patient recovered in three to four days. Additionally, *Shenghui Fang* recommends using aged Genggen mixed with sheep fat applied topically, three times daily, which is also effective. (From *Yixue Gangmu*.)
Xue Lizhai treated a man who had been pale with clear rhinorrhea and anosmia for three years. (This indicates Lung Qi deficiency.) He was cured using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) supplemented with Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber).
Madam Chen, wife of Chancellor Chen, suffered from bi gan (nasal ulceration), with rotting extending through the nasal cavity. One liang of Deer Antler Bone, one liang of Bai Fan (Alum calcined on tile), and five qian of human hair (burnt over lamp flame) were ground into powder. The area was washed with Sichuan pepper water, and the powder was dusted onto the lesion. Recovery occurred after three or four applications. If the wound failed to close, Wasong (Roof Tile Moss) burnt to ash was used as a dry powder to promote healing.
A man presented with a red nose due to alcohol consumption. He took Jinhua Wan (Golden Flower Pill) at night, formulated with Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), and Ge Fen (Kudzu Starch), pillized with well water. Concurrently, he took Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) in its full formula, plus two liang of Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and four liang of Kushen (Sophora Root), taken on an empty stomach. He recovered in less than two months.
Sun Wen Yuan treated Wu Yizhi Shangqing. In his youth, he suffered from nasal congestion and inability to sneeze for four years, accompanied by epistaxis, worsening in cold months, thirst, and phlegm nodules near the throat. Pulse diagnosis revealed a surging and slippery pulse at the right Cun and Guan positions, indicating Phlegm-Fire in the Lung Meridian. He was given Qianhu (Peucedanum Root), Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), Gegen (Pueraria Root), Bohe (Mint Herb), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Tianhuafen (Trichosanthes Root), Yuanshen (Scrophularia Root), Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit), Gancao (Licorice Root), Bai Yaozi (Sargentodoxa Rhizome), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), and Danpi (Moutan Cortex). After four doses, epistaxis stopped. At night, he held several pills of Niuhuang Sanqing Wan (Calculus Bovis Three-Clearing Pill) in the mouth, which immediately restored nasal patency and olfaction. Full recovery occurred within ten days.
A young woman, constitutionally deficient in Wei Qi and susceptible to wind-cold, developed Bi Yuan (nasal sinusitis) with continuous clear rhinorrhea, dizziness, frequent bilateral temporal headaches, and sneezing. Pulse diagnosis showed surging and large pulses at both Cun positions. She was treated with Qinjiao (Gentiana Macrophylla Root), Jiu Huangqin (Wine-fried Scutellaria Root), Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark), Malouling (Aristolochia Root), each 8 fen; Baishao (White Peony Root), 1 qian; Huashi (Talcum) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), each 2 qian; Zhiqiao (Aurantium Fructus) and Manjingzi (Vernonia Seed), each 5 fen; and Gancao (Licorice Root), 3 fen. She recovered after four doses.
Nasal erythema is caused by Fire flaming upward from the Yangming Stomach Meridian. A prescription uses only salt, finely ground. Each morning, a small amount is rubbed on the teeth, swished with water, spat into the palm, and used to wash the face. After more than a month, the nasal color returned to normal, benefiting the teeth as well. (From *Su Tan*.)
Wu Fuxian treated a man suffering from Bi Yuan for ten years. The diagnosis was Spleen and Lung Qi deficiency with sinking. He required Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) for one hundred doses to recover. Distrusting this, he used Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), and Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), which worsened his condition. Upon seeking treatment again, he was given the original prescription for one hundred doses and recovered.
Danxi treated a middle-aged man with turbid, foul-smelling discharge from the right nasal passage. Pulse was wiry and small, with a slippery right Cun and choppy left Cun. Acupuncture was performed at Shangxing (GV23), Zusanli (ST36), and Hegu (LI4). Subsequently, he took Jiu Huangqin (Wine-fried Scutellaria Root), 2 liang; Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), each 1 liang; Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Renshen (Ginseng Root), and Gegen (Pueraria Root), each 5 qian. Divided into seven doses, he recovered completely. This was a case of Phlegm stagnation with Fire-Heat. (From *Da Huan*.)
Another patient had foul yellow discharge from the nose and headache, diagnosed as Kong Nao Sha (Brain-Controlling Malaria), attributed to worms eating the brain. Si Gua Teng (Luffa Vine) near the root, about 3-5 chi long, was burnt to retain its properties, ground into powder, and taken with wine. He recovered. Another method involves moxibustion at Xinhui (GV22) [located directly above the nose, 2 cun into the hairline, where a bean can fit] and Tongtian (BL3) [1 cun above Xinhui, 1 cun lateral to both sides]. Seven moxa cones are applied bilaterally according to the side of the nose. Often, a piece of foul-smelling necrotic tissue is expelled from the nose after moxibustion, leading to cure.
In a case of sudden ingestion where food retracted into the brain via the nose causing dull pain, beef tallow or mutton fat, sized like a finger joint, was inserted into the nose and inhaled. As the fat melted, the food was expelled along with it. (From *Zhifa Hui*.)
Sun Wen Yuan treated his nephew, Zhongshu. During the summer, while studying in Nanjing, he drank tea and found it regurgitating from the left nostril, with only 30% entering the stomach. After nearly a month of treatment, even porridge and rice came out of the nose. Medications increased nausea, dizziness, emaciation, and limb weakness. Upon inquiry, the previous doctors claimed the disease was unrecorded and lacked standard treatment. Some attributed it to Stomach Fire or Liver Fire causing upward counterflow, prescribing bitter-cold formulas like Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Poison Detoxification) or Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three-Yellow Gypsum Decoction) without effect. Sun argued: Treating disease requires understanding meridian connections and organ interactions, not just blindly following texts. The Classics state: The throat is the pathway for water and grain, and the route for Qi ascent and descent. Hangsang (the posterior nasopharynx) is where Qi disperses. Failure to control rhinorrhea indicates Hangsang dysfunction. Similarly, here, Hangsang is closed, preventing Qi descent, and the epiglottis is weak, failing to cover the airway. Since the nose connects to the airway, lack of closure causes food/drink to exit via the nose. Just as normal people expel food via sneezing when Qi rebels, this patient’s right pulse was slow, weak, and powerless, clearly indicating Qi deficiency. The Classics state: Cold form and cold drinks injure the Lung. The Spleen and Stomach prefer warmth and dislike cold; thus, excessive cold herbs caused nausea, dizziness, and emaciation. The Lung belongs to Metal and governs Qi; strong Metal Qi converges and descends, ensuring food does not rebel. He was prescribed Liujunzi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) with Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark), Yiren (Coix Seed), and Chenxiang (Aquilaria Wood). After one dose, symptoms eased; after three, they halted significantly; after seven, full health was restored.
Wang Zhizhong’s mother suffered from chronic nasal dryness with a sensation of cold air. Doctors were unaware of the cause, suggesting spontaneous resolution, which did not occur. She gradually improved after moxibustion at Jiegu (GB39). Wang himself often suffered from this; once, due to mild pain at Jiegu, he applied moxa, and the nasal dryness disappeared. Initially unaware of the connection, he later read *Qianjin Fang* confirming this symptom and realized the efficacy of moxibustion at Jiegu. For excessive rhinorrhea, moxibustion at Xinhui (GV22) and Qingding (GV21) is recommended. Treatment is similar for adults and children.
Xu Zhike always sneezed after stopping food intake. He recovered after taking Zaogao Wan (Jujube Paste Pill). (From *Benshi Fang*.)
Ms. Sun’s aunt had anosmia for years. Later, due to another illness, her friend Miao Zhongchun prescribed a formula containing large doses (7-8 qian) of Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark). Long-term use suddenly relieved her nasal congestion.
Wei Yuheng stated: Shen Jinpei, around thirty years old, suffered from Bi Yuan (nasal sinusitis) with purulent, turbid discharge. Contemporary physicians attributed it to Wind-Heat invading the brain, prescribing classic formulas with Bohe (Mint), Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum), Can Er Zi (Xanthium Fruit), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), and Manjingzi (Vernonia Seed). Treatment failed and exacerbated left-sided headache, with discharge primarily from the left nostril. I diagnosed Liver Fire flaming upward. He was given Sheng Di (Rehmannia Root), Shu Di (Prepared Rehmannia Root), Gouqi (Goji Berry), Shashen (Adenophora Root), and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber). He recovered in over ten doses. This condition, caused by forceful blowing of rhinorrhea after wind-cold, is easier to cure. However, if caused by excess Fire due to Yin deficiency, it is more complex. The Liver Meridian connects to the vertex; the Du Meridian meets the brain, the sea of Marrow. Dragon Fire stagnation causes turbid, foul pus to flow continuously like an abyss. Over time, Marrow from the Du Meridian leaks, leading to consumptive diseases. Before Lizai, Song, Yuan, and early Ming physicians did not detail Liver-Kidney treatments. Later Qing masters clarified this but often mixed in Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), and Fuzi (Aconite Root). Only Jiling Gao (Spirit-Gathering Paste) is excellent, recorded in *Zhifa Hui*. It was said to be miraculous when used by a doctor in Suzhou, showing knowledge of efficacy but not mechanism. Clinging to outdated texts leads to many errors.
A blind man surnamed Xu, aged thirty, suffered from Bi Yuan for over a year. Physicians gave acrid-dispersing herbs, worsening his condition. He abstained from medication, maintaining mental calmness, avoiding misdiagnosis by mediocre doctors. When he met me, I taught him to take Jiling Gao (Spirit-Gathering Paste). He recovered in over ten doses.
A son of the Fei family, aged twenty-something, suffered the same condition. His physician prescribed Xin Yi (Magnolia Bud), Can Er Zi (Xanthium Fruit), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum), Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), Jingjie (Schizonepeta), and Bohe (Mint) for 120 doses. When he consulted me, his pulses lacked spirit and vitality. I declared it incurable, and he died over a month later.
*Guang Biji* states: The Classics say: Gallbladder heat transferring to the brain causes Bi Yuan. Marrow is the most refined substance, belonging to Water. The Brain is the most Yang organ, dwelling of Clear Qi. When disturbed by turbid Qi and evil Heat, foul yellow juice flows down, indicating Fire consumes substances and damages the Brain. Treatment should first clear and purify the Upper Jiao Qi pathway, then suppress Heart Fire and nourish Kidney Water. Generally, acrid-cool herbs are used because Acrid enters Metal/Lung, possessing clearing/purifying properties to disperse Upper Jiao pathogens, such as Bohe (Mint), Jingjie (Schizonepeta), Ganju (Chrysanthemum Flower), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), and Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome). To suppress Heart Fire and nourish Kidney Water, use Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn - substitute with Niujiao or Shuiniu), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Tiandong (Asparagus Tuber), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Zhusha (Cinnabar), Gancao (Licorice Root), Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Fuling (Poria), and Danpi (Moutan Cortex). However, Lung and Liver must also be regulated. The Nose is the orifice of the Lung and the pathway for Brain Qi communication, treating the Upper Jiao with clearing commands. The Gallbladder represents Spring-rising Shaoyang Qi, exterior-interior related to Jueyin Liver, connecting upward to the Brain. It is said: "Gallbladder and Sanjiao seek Fire treatment." The *Neijing* states Gallbladder Heat originates from the Liver, clarifying this principle. To regulate the Lung, use Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark), Niubangzi (Arctium Fruit), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Erdong (Tiandong and Maidong), Huafen (Trichosanthes Root), and Zhuli (Bamboo Sap). To clear Liver/Gallbladder, use Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Baishao (White Peony Root), Lingyangjiao (Antelope Horn), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Zaoren (Ziziphus Seed), and Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome). Some ask why acrid-warm/hot herbs often succeed. The answer lies in their ability to disperse and unblock; thus, they work for mild cases. This is a "following-treatment" or "plundering" method, not the standard approach, requiring discernment by wise practitioners.