太阳痉，汗多热利，误下变证。
阳明烦躁。火入于肺，烦也。火入于肾，躁也，栀子豆豉汤。宿食加大黄。狂谵实热发
斑，胃火呕吐哕。
少阳潮热。有平旦、日晡之分。（详见前。）
太阴腹痛，有部分同杂证治。
痞有虚实。实，便秘，浓朴、枳实。虚，便利，白芍。
少阴心惊悸是杂证。吐泻同霍乱证。治咽喉热，甘草、桔梗。寒热合二方。下利色青，
下；色不青，温。渴逆，乃阴消阳逆，或兼以舌挛，语言不正，昏冒咽痛，大承气。
厥阴，羌活汤。
厥利伤寒，不问何经，辨两感、伤寒之例。
羌活 防风 川芎 甘草（炙） 芩（各一钱） 地黄 细辛（二钱半） 白术（二钱）
如身热，加石膏四钱；腹痛，加芍药三钱半；往来寒热，加柴胡一钱、半夏五钱；心下
痞，加枳实一钱；里证，加大黄三钱，邪去止之。
治疫 麻黄（一两） 甘草（一两半） 石膏 滑石 黄芩 白术（各四两） 煎服表
汗。
解利 大羌活汤 治两感伤寒。出李。
防风 羌活 独活 防己 白术 甘草（炙） 黄芩 黄连 苍术 川芎 细辛（各三钱）
知母 生地黄（各一两） 白芷（阳明加之）
双解散 混解，不问风、寒。出张，李、刘皆用。
栀子豉汤 出李。
消毒饮 治疫疠时毒。
黄芩 黄连（各半两） 连翘（一钱） 陈皮 玄参（各三钱） 甘草 黍粘子 板蓝根 马
勃（各一钱） 人参 僵蚕（各一钱） 桔梗（三钱） 升麻（七钱） 柴胡（五钱） 薄荷 川芎（
各五钱） 大黄（便硬加之）
以水煎服。
伤寒中寒说 伤寒为外寒郁内热。伤寒面惨而不舒，恶寒不恶风。中寒谓寒乘其
肤腠，不分经络，疏豁一身，无热可发，温补自安。此胃气之大虚也。
风湿不可下论 春夏之交，病如伤寒，自汗，肢体重痛转侧难，小便不利，此名
风湿，非伤寒也。因阴雨卑湿，或引饮多有此证，宜多与五苓散，切忌汗、下。
四证类伤寒 伤寒，右寸脉紧盛，痞满。香港脚如伤寒证，但病起于脚胯。痰证，
呕逆头
痛，脉浮而滑；痞满，虚烦不恶寒，不头痛身疼。阳毒，身重，腰脊痛，狂言，或吐血下利
，脉浮大数，咽喉痛唾血，面赤如锦纹，五六日可治。阴毒，身重背强，腹中绞痛，咽喉不
利；毒瓦斯攻心，心下坚，呕逆，唇青面黑，四肢冷，脉沉细紧数，身如打，五六日可治。
阴盛格阳 目赤，烦躁不渴，或渴不欲水，脉七八至，按之不鼓，姜附主之。
阳盛拒阴 身表凉痛，四脚冷，诸阴证，脉沉数而有力，承气主之。
阳厥极深，或时郑声，指甲、面色青黑，势困，脉附骨，按之有举之无。因阳气怫郁，
不得荣运于四肢，以至身冷。先凉膈养阴退阳，以待心胸微暧，可承气下之。
阴证身静，重语无声，气难布息，目睛不了了，鼻中呼不出吸不入，口鼻中气冷，水浆
不入口，二便不禁，面上恶寒，如有刀刺。
阳证身动，轻语有声，目睛了了，鼻中呼吸出入能往能来，口鼻气热。
伤风，气出粗，合口不开，面光而不惨，恶风不恶寒。伤食，口无味，液不纳，息肩。
，即与
太阴俱病。腹满身热，不饮食，谵语。三日少阳受之，即与厥阴俱病。烦满囊缩，水浆不入
口，不知人，六日死。
痉 太阳病，发热无汗，反恶寒者，名刚痉。无汗为表实，恶寒为重感，故名刚
痉。太阳病，发热有汗，不恶寒者，为柔痉。表虚伤湿。其病身热足寒，颈项强急，恶寒，
时头热，面赤，目脉赤，头摇，卒口噤，背反张。
中湿 见前脉。其病一身尽黄，头痛汗出，欲水而不能饮，反欲近火。
头汗 乃邪搏诸阳，热不得越，津液上凑。又见自汗条下。
手足汗 有邪聚于胃则便硬。有寒则便溏，不能食，小便不利。
烦躁 有热传于内，胸中有热，关前洪数，宜解热。有虚，因汗、吐、下，虚协
余热，身不疼，脉不紧数，宜补之。又初解，胃弱强食，胃脉浮洪。
苔，皆心经之热浅深也。白而滑，乃邪在半表半里也；白而涩，热在里也；黄而干，热
在胃也；黑者宜下。
哕皆胃疾，或寒，或妄下之虚。
厥，手足冷。有寒，有热。先热而后厥者，热伏于内；先厥而后热者，阴退阳气复；始
得之便厥，皆阳不足而阴胜也，所主为寒。
谵语四证 伤寒谵语，属阳明经。乃胃有热，脉洪大者是。宜调胃承气汤。身不
热，身困者
，谓之郑声。病退人虚，脉和平，宜滋补。妇人经来，适邪气乘虚入于血海，左关脉数者，
小柴胡汤主之。有邪祟者，言语涉邪，颇有意思，状多变，与病相违者是。
气喘七证 伤寒太阳证，下之微喘者，内虚外热故也，宜解其表。饮水过多，水
停心下，胸膈满而喘者，宜利其小便。病本无喘，因药下之，泻止而喘，其色已脱，不治。
喘而四逆者，不治。喘而噫者，不治。喘而鱼口者，不治。喘而目闭、面黑者，不治。
目瞪四证 伤寒至目瞪不省人事，此中风痉证。以药开关吐痰，痉退眼开，随证
治之。伤寒，病已过经，痉退无热，人困不语，脉和目瞪，谓之戴阳，下虚故也。阳毒不解
，热毒之气伏于太阳之经，故使目瞪。六脉弦劲，渐作鱼口，气粗者死。太阴痰潮，上灌七
窍，两目瞪。与小儿惊风之类同，下痰则愈。舌卷唇焦，乃心肝热极，三焦精液不生，可治
；舌卷卵缩，厥阴绝也，必也。
厥阴幽闷三证 阴毒阳冷，四肢逆冷，心膈幽闷，默默思睡，脉沉伏者是。伤寒
起，汗下后，又战汗过多，人困身冷不动者，乏阳也。伤寒未三日，身冷，额上汗出，面赤
心烦者，非阴毒证，谓之阴胜格阳。阴气并于外，阳气伏于内，其脉沉数也。
咽干两证 少阳证，口苦咽干，乃胆热也，小柴胡汤。少阴证，口燥咽干，主肾
热津液不生，宜下。
恶寒三证 发热恶寒，发于阳。脉浮数，宜麻黄、桂枝汗之。无热恶寒，发于阴
。脉沉细。宜四逆温里。发汗后，反恶寒，气虚也。脉微弱，补虚，芍药附子甘草汤主之。
恶风三证 汗出而脉缓，宜桂枝加葛根汤，便遍身润。太阳病，发汗过多，亡阳
。卫虚恶风，当温其经，宜桂枝加附子汤。风湿相搏，骨节烦痛，不得屈伸，汗出恶风，不
欲去衣，宜甘草附子汤。
汗后发热并再伤八证 发汗不入格，其病不解，宜再汗之。发汗后，再伤风邪而
热，宜发汗；再伤风寒而热，随证治之。汗后温之热，脉弦小而数者，有余热也，宜和解之
。汗后温之热，脉静，身无痛处。虚热也，宜平补之。汗后温之热，或渴，或烦，或胸满，
或腹急，有里证，脉沉数，宜下之。劳力而再热，平解劳倦，宜柴胡鳖甲散。食过而热者，
宜消化其食。
中 夏月发热恶寒，小便己洒然毛耸，脉弦细而芤迟，宜白虎人参汤。忌汗、
下。
中暑 背寒面垢，手足微冷，烦躁引饮，四肢不痛，脉浮，宜五苓、白虎。
中温，冬月冒寒，至春再感乖常之气。
风温 先伤风，后伤温。头疼自汗，体重息如喘，但默默欲眠，尺寸脉俱浮。风
温脉浮，证同前条下。
温毒 汗、吐、下，表未罢，毒邪入脏，身有斑，脉阳洪数、阴实大。湿温，先
伤湿，后中暑。
瘟疫 众人一般，脉阳虚弱、阴弦紧。
潮热 阳明，申酉时分也。胃实宜下，寒热相继在他时。太阳病，热在寅卯；少
阳，在巳午。
汗自出 太阳经自汗，营弱卫强也。中风，太阳脉缓；风温，身重多睡，脉浮缓
；风湿，脉沉而细，证同前条下。少阴，咽痛，拘急，四肢疼，厥逆自汗，亡阳也。太阳，
亡阳自汗。柔痉，同前痉下。
除中者，死。伤寒六七日，脉迟下利而热，反与黄芩汤撤其热，腹中恶冷，当不能食，
今反能食，名曰除中。脾经受邪，则下利而热，反与黄芩，邪热未去而胃气先去。
禁忌 厥阴心痛发斑，不欲食，食则吐蛔，下则利不止。诸四肢厥逆，不可下。
五六日，不结胸，腹痛满，脉虚复厥者，不可下。当下反汗之，必口烂。
少阴脉沉细数，病在里，忌汗；微者，忌汗。尺脉弱涩者，不可下之。
太阴腹满，吐，食不下，自利，时腹自痛。忌下，下之胸下结硬。脉弱，自便利，虽用
下，宜减之。
少阳不可汗，忌利小便，忌利大便。犯之，各随上下前后，本变及中变诸变例。
太阳小便不利，不可利之。利之邪气入里不能解。咽干淋衄，小便不利，当汗不可汗。
在表不可下，下之动血。误犯之成结胸、痞气。汗之成血蓄于胸中；当汗而下之，成协热利
。
太阳证误下有八变 脉浮者，必结胸。紧者，必咽痛。弦者，必两胁拘急。细数
者，头痛不止，沉紧者，必欲呕。沉滑者，必热利。浮滑者，必下血。
阳明不当发汗 发汗成蓄血，上焦为衄。不当下而下之，血蓄下焦发狂。有年老
患时热狂妄，服附者愈，服寒凉者死。
足太阳未渴，小便清者，禁利。咽干禁汗，成蓄血禁下太早。已渴者，五苓散。谵语、
潮热、大渴，宜下。
足少阳三禁，胃实可下。足太阴禁下。足少阴脉沉，口燥咽干而渴，禁汗；脉涩而弱，
禁下。三阴非胃实，不可下。
治三焦便有胆少阳经，作风治不宜汗、下、利小便。治心便有肾少阴，故本热标寒，故
脉沉细，按之洪大，用承气汤酒制热饮是也。
治膀胱便有小肠太阳，故本寒标阳，故脉紧数，按之不鼓而空虚，用姜附寒饮顿服。
治肺便有脾太阴，故寒因寒用，大黄枳实下之。
治阳明纯阳，大肠喜热恶清，当以热治寒也。络宜清，当以寒治热。
许学士解利外感。
伤风者，恶风。用防风二钱、甘草、麻黄各一钱。头痛加川芎，项背腰痛加羌活，身重
加苍术，肢节痛加羌活，目痛鼻干及痛加升麻；或干呕，或寒热，或胁下痛，加柴胡。伤寒
者，恶寒。用麻黄二钱、防风、甘草各一钱。头沉闷加羌活一钱。
凡治伤寒，以甘草为君，防风、白术为佐。是寒宜甘发也，看他证加减。伤风以防风为
君，甘草、白术为佐。是风宜辛散也。其伤寒表证，以石膏、滑石、甘草、知母、葱、豉之
类，汗出即解。如热半表半里，与小柴胡，汗出而愈；热甚，大柴胡与之；更甚，小承气。
里热甚，大承气，发黄者，茵陈蒿汤下之。结胸，陷胸汤下之。
内伤，见于右手。内伤躁作寒已，寒作躁已，不相并，但有间，且晡时必减，乃胃气得
令。潮作之时，精神困倦，乃其气不足。外伤，见于左手。外伤但无间，且晡时必作剧，乃
邪气盛。潮作之时，精神有余，乃邪气胜。寒邪不能食，风邪能食。
表虚，不作表虚治。或劳役于凉处解衣，或阴虚新浴，表虚为风寒所遏，切不可妄解表
阳明经病见烦躁。火邪入肺则烦；火邪入肾则躁，可用栀子豉汤治疗。若有宿食停滞，加大黄。狂乱谵语、实热发斑，以及胃火引起的呕吐、呃逆，均属此类。
少阳经病见潮热。分为清晨（平旦）和傍晚（日晡）两个时段发作。（详细内容见前文。）
痞满证有虚实之分。实证表现为便秘，用厚朴、枳实；虚证表现为大便通畅，用白芍。
少阴经病中心惊悸属于杂病范畴。呕吐腹泻同霍乱证治。治疗咽喉热痛，用甘草、桔梗。寒热错杂者合用两方。下利颜色青黑者，用泻下法；颜色不青者，用温补法。口渴气逆，是阴液消亡、阳气上逆所致，或兼见舌体挛缩、言语不清、神志昏蒙、咽喉疼痛，用大承气汤。
厥冷伴下利的伤寒病，不论属于哪一经，都要辨别是否为两感伤寒，参照伤寒的例法处理。
【羌活汤方】羌活、防风、川芎、炙甘草（各一钱），地黄、细辛（各二钱半），白术（二钱）。如果身体发热，加石膏四钱；腹痛，加芍药三钱半；往来寒热，加柴胡一钱、半夏五钱；心下痞满，加枳实一钱；里有实证，加大黄三钱，邪气去除即停药。
【治疫方】麻黄（一两）、炙甘草（一两半）、石膏、滑石、黄芩、白术（各四两）。煎服后取汗。
【解利方】大羌活汤，治疗两感伤寒。出自李东垣。
【大羌活汤组成】防风、羌活、独活、防己、白术、炙甘草、黄芩、黄连、苍术、川芎、细辛（各三钱），知母、生地黄（各一两），白芷（阳明经症状加用）。
【双解散】混合解表，不分风邪或寒邪。出自张元素，李东垣、刘完素皆使用。
【栀子豉汤】出自李东垣。
【消毒饮】治疗瘟疫时毒。
【消毒饮组成】黄芩、黄连（各半两），连翘（一钱），陈皮、玄参（各三钱），甘草、黍粘子（王不留行？此处疑为牛蒡子之误，但依原文译作黍粘子）、板蓝根、马勃（各一钱），人参、僵蚕（各一钱），桔梗（三钱），升麻（七钱），柴胡、薄荷、川芎（各五钱），大黄（大便硬结者加用）。用水煎服。
《伤寒中寒说》：伤寒是外寒郁闭内热。伤寒患者面色惨淡而不舒展，恶寒但不恶风。中寒是指寒气侵袭肌肤腠理，不分经络，充斥全身，没有热象可发，需用温补法使身体安和。这是胃气极度虚弱的表现。
《风湿不可下论》：春夏之交，病症类似伤寒，自汗出，肢体沉重疼痛，转动困难，小便不利，这名叫风湿，不是伤寒。因为阴雨潮湿，或饮水过多导致此证，宜多用五苓散，切忌发汗和攻下。
《四证类伤寒》：
1. 伤寒：右寸脉紧盛，伴有痞满。
2. 香港脚（脚气）如伤寒证，但病起于脚胯部位。
3. 痰证：呕吐气逆、头痛，脉浮而滑；痞满，虚烦但不恶寒，不头痛身疼。
4. 阳毒：身体沉重，腰脊痛，胡言乱语，或吐血下利，脉浮大数，咽喉痛唾血，面色红赤如锦纹，五六天还可治愈。
5. 阴毒：身体沉重背强，腹中绞痛，咽喉不利；毒瓦斯攻心，心下坚硬，呕吐气逆，嘴唇青紫面色黑，四肢冷，脉沉细紧数，身体像被打过一样，五六天还可治愈。
《阴盛格阳》：眼睛红赤，烦躁但不口渴，或者口渴但不想喝水，脉搏七八至（极快），重按无力，用姜附类药物主治。
《阳盛拒阴》：体表凉痛，四肢冷，诸般阴证表现，但脉沉数而有力，用承气汤主治。
《阳厥极深》：有时出现郑声（语言重复低微），指甲、面色青黑，病情危重，脉象伏在骨间，重按有感觉，轻举无感觉。这是因为阳气郁结，不能荣养运化于四肢，导致身体冰冷。先用凉膈散养阴退阳，等待心胸微微温暖，再用承气汤攻下。
《阴证表现》：身体安静，说话声音低沉无声，气息难以布散，眼神呆滞不明，鼻中呼吸出入不畅，口鼻中气冷，水浆无法入口，大小便失禁，面部怕冷，如有刀刺之感。
《阳证表现》：身体躁动，说话声音轻扬有声，眼神清明，鼻中呼吸出入顺畅，口鼻中气热。
伤风：呼吸粗重，口紧闭不开，面色光亮而不惨淡，恶风但不恶寒。
伤食：口中无味，津液不纳，呼吸时耸肩（息肩）。
若伤食与太阴病同时发生：腹部胀满，身体发热，不想饮食，谵语。
三日少阳经受邪，即与厥阴病同时发生：烦躁胀满，囊缩，水浆不入，不知人事，六日死。
《痉病》：太阳病，发热无汗，反而恶寒的，名叫刚痉。无汗为表实，恶寒为重感风寒，所以叫刚痉。太阳病，发热有汗，不恶寒的，为柔痉。这是表虚受湿。其病症为身体发热足部寒冷，颈项强直紧急，恶寒，时而头部发热，面赤，眼目脉络红赤，头摇，突然口噤，角弓反张。
《中湿》：见前文脉象。其病症为全身发黄，头痛汗出，想喝水但不能喝，反而想靠近火源。
《头汗》：是邪气搏结于诸阳经，热不得发散，津液上凑所致。又见于自汗条下。
《手足汗》：有邪气聚于胃则大便硬结。有寒邪则大便溏薄，不能进食，小便不利。
《烦躁》：有热传于内，胸中有热，关前脉洪数，宜清热。有虚证，因汗、吐、下后，虚体夹杂余热，身体不疼，脉不紧数，宜补益。又初愈时，胃弱强食，胃脉浮洪。
《苔诊》：舌苔反映心经热邪的深浅。白而滑，是邪在半表半里；白而涩，热在里；黄而干，热在胃；黑色者宜攻下。
《厥》：手足冷。有寒厥，有热厥。先热而后厥的，是热伏于内；先厥而后热的，是阴退阳气恢复；得病之初就厥冷的，都是阳气不足而阴胜，主寒证。
《谵语四证》：
1. 伤寒谵语，属阳明经。是胃有热，脉洪大的，宜调胃承气汤。
2. 身体不热，身体困倦的，叫郑声。病退人虚，脉和平，宜滋补。
3. 妇人经期，适逢邪气乘虚入于血海，左关脉数的，用小柴胡汤主治。
4. 有邪祟干扰的，言语涉及邪异，颇有意思，状貌多变，与病情不符的是。
《气喘七证》：
1. 伤寒太阳证，误下后微喘的，是内虚外热，宜解表。
2. 饮水过多，水停心下，胸膈满而喘的，宜利小便。
3. 病本无喘，因药误下，泻止而喘，其色已脱，不治。
4. 喘而四肢逆冷的，不治。
5. 喘而打嗝的，不治。
6. 喘而张口如鱼口的，不治。
7. 喘而目闭、面黑的，不治。
《目瞪四证》：
1. 伤寒至目瞪不省人事，这是中风痉证。用药开关吐痰，痉退眼开，随证治之。
2. 伤寒病已过经，痉退无热，人困不语，脉和目瞪，叫戴阳，是下虚所致。
3. 阳毒不解，热毒之气伏于太阳之经，故使目瞪。六脉弦劲，渐作鱼口，气粗者死。
4. 太阴痰潮，上灌七窍，两目瞪。与小儿惊风之类同，下痰则愈。
5. 舌卷唇焦，是心肝热极，三焦精液不生，可治；舌卷卵缩，是厥阴绝症，必死。
《厥阴幽闷三证》：
1. 阴毒阳冷，四肢逆冷，心膈幽闷，默默思睡，脉沉伏的是。
2. 伤寒起病，汗下后，又战汗过多，人困身冷不动的，是乏阳。
3. 伤寒未三日，身冷，额上汗出，面赤心烦的，非阴毒证，叫阴胜格阳。阴气并于外，阳气伏于内，其脉沉数。
《咽干两证》：
1. 少阳证，口苦咽干，是胆热，用小柴胡汤。
2. 少阴证，口燥咽干，主肾热津液不生，宜攻下。
《恶寒三证》：
1. 发热恶寒，发于阳。脉浮数，宜麻黄、桂枝发汗。
2. 无热恶寒，发于阴。脉沉细。宜四逆汤温里。
3. 发汗后，反恶寒，是气虚。脉微弱，补虚，芍药附子甘草汤主治。
《恶风三证》：
1. 汗出而脉缓，宜桂枝加葛根汤，遍身润泽。
2. 太阳病，发汗过多，亡阳。卫虚恶风，当温其经，宜桂枝加附子汤。
3. 风湿相搏，骨节烦痛，不得屈伸，汗出恶风，不欲去衣，宜甘草附子汤。
《汗后发热并再伤八证》：
1. 发汗不入格（未达病所或不对证），其病不解，宜再汗之。
2. 发汗后，再伤风邪而热，宜发汗；再伤风寒而热，随证治之。
3. 汗后温之热，脉弦小而数的，有余热，宜和解。
4. 汗后温之热，脉静，身无痛处。是虚热，宜平补。
5. 汗后温之热，或渴，或烦，或胸满，或腹急，有里证，脉沉数，宜攻下。
6. 劳力而再热，平解劳倦，宜柴胡鳖甲散。
7. 食过而热者，宜消化其食。
8. （注：原文列举似乎少于八证或合并，此处依原文翻译）
《中暑》：夏月发热恶寒，小便已洒然毛耸（毛孔竖起），脉弦细而芤迟，宜白虎加人参汤。忌汗、下。
《中暑》（另一证）：背寒面垢，手足微冷，烦躁引饮，四肢不痛，脉浮，宜五苓散、白虎汤。
《风温》：先伤风，后伤温。头疼自汗，体重息如喘，但默默欲眠，尺寸脉俱浮。风温脉浮，证同前条下。
《温毒》：汗、吐、下后，表未罢，毒邪入脏，身有斑，脉阳洪数、阴实大。
《潮热》：阳明经，申酉时分也。胃实宜下，寒热相继在他时。太阳病，热在寅卯；少阳，在巳午。
《汗自出》：
1. 太阳经自汗，营弱卫强也。
2. 中风，太阳脉缓；
3. 风温，身重多睡，脉浮缓；
4. 风湿，脉沉而细，证同前条下。
5. 少阴，咽痛，拘急，四肢疼，厥逆自汗，亡阳也。
6. 太阳，亡阳自汗。
7. 柔痉，同前痉下。
《除中者，死》：伤寒六七日，脉迟下利而热，反与黄芩汤撤其热，腹中恶冷，当不能食，今反能食，名曰除中。脾经受邪，则下利而热，反与黄芩，邪热未去而胃气先去。
《禁忌》：
1. 厥阴心痛发斑，不欲食，食则吐蛔，下则利不止。
2. 诸四肢厥逆，不可下。
3. 五六日，不结胸，腹痛满，脉虚复厥者，不可下。
4. 当下反汗之，必口烂。
5. 少阴脉沉细数，病在里，忌汗；微者，忌汗。尺脉弱涩者，不可下之。
6. 太阴腹满，吐，食不下，自利，时腹自痛。忌下，下之胸下结硬。脉弱，自便利，虽用下，宜减之。
7. 少阳不可汗，忌利小便，忌利大便。犯之，各随上下前后，本变及中变诸变例。
8. 太阳小便不利，不可利之。利之邪气入里不能解。
9. 咽干淋衄，小便不利，当汗不可汗。
10. 在表不可下，下之动血。误犯之成结胸、痞气。
11. 汗之成血蓄于胸中；当汗而下之，成协热利。
《太阳证误下有八变》：
1. 脉浮者，必结胸。
2. 紧者，必咽痛。
3. 弦者，必两胁拘急。
4. 细数者，头痛不止。
5. 沉紧者，必欲呕。
6. 沉滑者，必热利。
7. 浮滑者，必下血。
（注：原文仅列七种脉象对应变证，标题称八变，可能漏列或合并，此处如实翻译）
《阳明不当发汗》：发汗成蓄血，上焦为衄。不当下而下之，血蓄下焦发狂。有年老患时热狂妄，服附子者愈，服寒凉者死。
《足太阳》：未渴，小便清者，禁利。咽干禁汗，成蓄血禁下太早。已渴者，五苓散。谵语、潮热、大渴，宜下。
《足少阳》：三禁（禁汗、禁下、禁利小便），胃实可下。
《足太阴》：禁下。
《足少阴》：脉沉，口燥咽干而渴，禁汗；脉涩而弱，禁下。
三阴非胃实，不可下。
《治三焦》：便有胆少阳经，作风治不宜汗、下、利小便。
《治心》：便有肾少阴，故本热标寒，故脉沉细，按之洪大，用承气汤酒制热饮是也。
《治膀胱》：便有小肠太阳，故本寒标阳，故脉紧数，按之不鼓而空虚，用姜附寒饮顿服。
《治肺》：便有脾太阴，故寒因寒用，大黄枳实下之。
《治阳明》：纯阳，大肠喜热恶清，当以热治寒也。络宜清，当以寒治热。
许学士解利外感。
伤风者，恶风。用防风二钱、甘草、麻黄各一钱。头痛加川芎，项背腰痛加羌活，身重加苍术，肢节痛加羌活，目痛鼻干及痛加升麻；或干呕，或寒热，或胁下痛，加柴胡。
伤寒者，恶寒。用麻黄二钱、防风、甘草各一钱。头沉闷加羌活一钱。
凡治伤寒，以甘草为君，防风、白术为佐。是寒宜甘发也，看他证加减。
伤风以防风为君，甘草、白术为佐。是风宜辛散也。
其伤寒表证，以石膏、滑石、甘草、知母、葱、豉之类，汗出即解。
如热半表半里，与小柴胡，汗出而愈；热甚，大柴胡与之；更甚，小承气。
里热甚，大承气，发黄者，茵陈蒿汤下之。
结胸，陷胸汤下之。
内伤，见于右手。内伤躁作寒已，寒作躁已，不相并，但有间，且晡时必减，乃胃气得令。潮作之时，精神困倦，乃其气不足。
外伤，见于左手。外伤但无间，且晡时必作剧，乃邪气盛。潮作之时，精神有余，乃邪气胜。
寒邪不能食，风邪能食。
Taiyang Jing (Taiyang Channel) Spasm: If there is excessive sweating accompanied by heat-induced diarrhea, mistaken use of purgation will lead to complicated syndromes.
Yangming Jing (Yangming Channel) Disease presents with irritability and restlessness. Fire pathogen entering the Lung causes *fan* (irritability); fire pathogen entering the Kidney causes *zao* (restlessness). Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) can be used. If there is retained food stagnation, add Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). Mania, delirium, macules due to excess heat, as well as vomiting and hiccups caused by Stomach fire, all belong to this category.
Shaoyang Jing (Shaoyang Channel) Disease presents with tidal fever. It is divided into two onset times: early morning (*pingdan*) and late afternoon (*ribu*). (See previous text for details.)
Taiyin Jing (Taiyin Channel) Disease presents with abdominal pain; some cases are treated similarly to miscellaneous diseases.
Pi (Glomus/Fullness) syndrome has deficiency and excess types. Excess type presents with constipation, treated with Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) and Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus). Deficiency type presents with normal bowel movements, treated with Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba).
Shao Yin Jing (Shao Yin Channel) Disease: Heart palpitations and fright belong to miscellaneous diseases. Vomiting and diarrhea are treated same as Huoluan (Cholera-like disease). For throat heat, use Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix) and Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix). For mixed cold and heat, combine two formulas. Diarrhea with green stool requires purgation; non-green stool requires warming. Thirst with counterflow qi is due to Yin consumption and Yang counterflow, possibly accompanied by tongue spasm, abnormal speech, coma, and sore throat; Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is used.
Jue Yin Jing (Jue Yin Channel) Disease: Qiang Huo Tang (Notopterygii Root Decoction) is used.
Jue (Cold Extremities) with Li (Diarrhea) in Shanghan (Cold Damage): Regardless of which channel it belongs to, distinguish whether it is Lianggan (Double Exposure Cold Damage) and follow Shanghan examples.
[Qiang Huo Tang Formula] Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Licorice Root) (each 1 qian); Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (each 2.5 qian); Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (2 qian). If body heat, add Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) 4 qian; if abdominal pain, add Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix) 3.5 qian; if alternating chills and fever, add Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) 1 qian, Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 5 qian; if epigastric fullness, add Zhi Shi 1 qian; if interior excess syndrome, add Da Huang 3 qian, stop when pathogen is gone.
[Formula for Epidemic Toxin] Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) (1 liang), Zhi Gan Cao (1.5 liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Hua Shi (Talcum), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Bai Zhu (each 4 liang). Decoct and take to induce sweating.
[Jiel Fang] Da Qiang Huo Tang (Great Notopterygii Root Decoction) treats Lianggan Shanghan. From Li Dongyuan.
[Da Qiang Huo Tang Composition] Fang Feng, Qiang Huo, Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Bai Zhu, Zhi Gan Cao, Huang Qin, Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chuan Xiong, Xi Xin (each 3 qian); Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Sheng Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix) (each 1 liang); Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) (add for Yangming symptoms).
[Shuang Jie San] Double Release Powder mixes release methods, indifferent to wind or cold pathogens. From Zhang Yuansu; Li Dongyuan and Liu Wansu also used it.
[Zhi Zi Chi Tang] From Li Dongyuan.
[Xiao Du Yin] Treats epidemic seasonal toxins.
[Xiao Du Yin Composition] Huang Qin, Huang Lian (each half liang), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus) (1 qian), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) (each 3 qian), Gan Cao, Shu Nian Zi (Buddlejae Fructus? Note: Text says Shu Nian Zi, likely Niubangzi/Burdock Fruit contextually but translated literally), Ban Lan Gen (Isatidis Radix), Ma Bo (Fly Agaric? Note: Likely Mo Bo/Moschus or similar, translated literally), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus) (each 1 qian), Jie Geng (3 qian), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (7 qian), Chai Hu, Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Chuan Xiong (each 5 qian), Da Huang (add if stool is hard). Decoct in water and take.
"Discussion on Shanghan and Zhonghan": Shanghan is external cold constraining internal heat. Patients have a grimace and do not relax, fearing cold but not wind. Zhonghan refers to cold invading skin and pores without distinguishing channels, filling the body, with no heat to emit, requiring warming and tonification for peace. This indicates extreme deficiency of Stomach Qi.
"On Why Wind-Damp Cannot Be Purged": In spring-summer transition, symptoms resemble Shanghan: spontaneous sweating, heavy painful limbs difficult to turn, difficulty urinating. This is named Wind-Damp, not Shanghan. Caused by rainy dampness or excessive drinking. Use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill) frequently; strictly avoid sweating and purging.
"Four Syndromes Resembling Shanghan":
1. Shanghan: Right Cun pulse is tight and vigorous, with fullness.
2. Hongjiaojiao (Foot Qi/Cramp) resembling Shanghan, but starting from feet and thighs.
3. Tan Zheng (Phlegm Syndrome): Vomiting, counterflow qi, headache, floating and slippery pulse; fullness, empty irritability, no fear of cold, no headache or body ache.
4. Yang Du (Yang Toxicity): Heavy body, back/spine pain, delirium, or hematemesis/diarrhea, floating-large-rapid pulse, sore throat with bloody saliva, face red like brocade. Curable at 5-6 days.
5. Yin Du (Yin Toxicity): Heavy body, stiff back, colicky abdominal pain, throat obstruction; toxin attacking heart, hardness below heart, vomiting, blue lips/black face, cold limbs, sinking-thin-tight-rapid pulse, body feels beaten. Curable at 5-6 days.
"Yin Excess Repelling Yang": Red eyes, irritability without thirst, or thirst but no desire to drink, pulse rapid (7-8 beats per breath), weak upon deep pressure. Treat with Ginger and Aconite.
"Yang Excess Rejecting Yin": Cool/painful surface, cold limbs, Yin syndrome signs, but sinking-rapid-forceful pulse. Treat with Cheng Qi Decoctions.
"Deep Yang Jue": Sometimes Zhengsheng (repetitive low speech), blue-black nails/face, critical condition, pulse buried deep in bone, present on deep pressure, absent on light pressure. Due to Yang Qi depression failing to nourish limbs, causing cold body. First use Liang Ge San (Cool the Chest Powder) to nourish Yin and retreat Yang, wait for slight warmth in chest/heart, then purge with Cheng Qi Decoction.
"Yin Syndrome Manifestations": Body quiet, low voice, difficult breathing, dull eyes, poor nasal respiration, cold breath from mouth/nose, inability to swallow fluids, incontinence, facial aversion to cold feeling like knife stabs.
"Yang Syndrome Manifestations": Body active, clear voice, bright eyes, smooth nasal respiration, warm breath from mouth/nose.
Wind Injury: Coarse breathing, mouth closed, shiny face not grim, fears wind not cold. Food Injury: Tasteless mouth, no fluid intake, shoulder breathing.
If Taiyin disease occurs simultaneously: Abdominal fullness, body heat, anorexia, delirium.
On day 3 Shaoyang channel affected, simultaneous Jue Yin disease: Irritability/fullness, scrotal retraction, inability to swallow, unconsciousness, death on day 6.
"Spasm": Taiyang disease, fever, no sweat, aversion to cold is Gang Jing (Stiff Spasm). No sweat indicates exterior excess, severe cold invasion, hence "Stiff". Taiyang disease, fever, sweating, no aversion to cold is Rou Jing (Soft Spasm). Exterior deficiency with damp injury. Symptoms: body heat, cold feet, stiff neck, aversion to cold, intermittent head heat, red face, red eye vessels, head shaking, sudden jaw lock, opisthotonos.
"Middle Damp": See pulse previously. Symptoms: whole body yellow, headache, sweating, desire for water but cannot drink, desire for fire.
"Head Sweat": Pathogen combats Yang channels, heat cannot escape, fluids gather upward. Also seen under spontaneous sweating section.
"Hand-Foot Sweat": Pathogen gathering in Stomach leads to hard stool. Cold leads to loose stool, anorexia, difficulty urinating.
"Irritability": Heat transmitting inward, heat in chest, Guan position pulse large-rapid, clear heat. Deficiency: after sweating/vomiting/purging, deficiency with residual heat, no body pain, pulse not tight-rapid, tonify. Early recovery: weak stomach, forced eating, Stomach pulse floating-large.
"Tongue Coating": Reflects depth of Heart heat. White-slippery: semi-exterior/semi-interior. White-astringent: heat in interior. Yellow-dry: heat in Stomach. Black: purge.
"Hiccups": All Stomach diseases, either cold or deficiency from mistaken purging.
"Jue (Cold Extremities)": Cold hands/feet. Cold or Heat. Heat then Jue: heat hidden inside. Jue then Heat: Yin recedes, Yang returns. Immediate Jue: Yang deficiency, Yin excess, indicates Cold.
"Delirium Four Syndromes":
1. Shanghan delirium belongs to Yangming. Stomach heat, large pulse. Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang.
2. No body heat, lethargy is Zhengsheng. Recovery, weak person, peaceful pulse, tonify.
3. Women during menstruation, pathogen enters Blood Sea, left Guan pulse rapid, Xiao Chai Hu Tang.
4. Evil spirit interference: speech involves strange meanings, variable state, contrary to illness.
"Asthma Seven Syndromes":
1. Taiyang syndrome, slight asthma after purging, interior deficiency exterior heat, release exterior.
2. Excessive water drinking, water retention in heart/chest, fullness and asthma, promote urination.
3. No asthma originally, mistaking purging stops diarrhea but causes asthma, complexion lost, incurable.
4. Asthma with four reversals, incurable.
5. Asthma with belching, incurable.
6. Asthma with fish-mouth breathing, incurable.
7. Asthma with closed eyes/black face, incurable.
"Fixed Gaze Four Syndromes":
1. Shanghan fixed gaze unconsciousness is Wind-Stroke Spasm. Use medicine to open orifices, expel phlegm, treat following syndrome after spasm subsides.
2. Shanghan past channel stage, spasm subsided, no heat, lethargic mute, peaceful pulse fixed gaze, called Dai Yang (Floating Yang), lower deficiency.
3. Yang Du unresolved, heat toxin hidden in Taiyang channel, fixed gaze. Six pulses stringy-strong, fish-mouth breathing, coarse breath, death.
4. Taiyin Phlegm Tide flooding seven orifices, fixed gaze. Similar to pediatric convulsions, expel phlegm to cure.
5. Tongue curling/lip scorched: Heart/Liver extreme heat, Sanjiao essence not produced, curable. Tongue curling/testicular retraction: Jue Yin extinction, fatal.
"Jue Yin Oppression Three Syndromes":
1. Yin Du cold, cold limbs, chest oppression, silent sleepiness, sinking-hidden pulse.
2. Shanghan after sweating/purging, excessive shivering sweat, lethargic cold immobile, Yang deficiency.
3. Shanghan <3 days, cold body, forehead sweat, red face, irritability, not Yin Du, called Yin Excess Repelling Yang. Yin Qi outside, Yang Qi inside, sinking-rapid pulse.
"Sore Throat Two Syndromes":
1. Shaoyang syndrome, bitter taste/sore throat, Gallbladder heat, Xiao Chai Hu Tang.
2. Shao Yin syndrome, dry mouth/throat, Kidney heat/fluid deficiency, purge.
"Aversion to Cold Three Syndromes":
1. Fever/aversion to cold, Yang onset. Floating-rapid pulse, Ma Huang/Gui Zhi sweating.
2. No fever/aversion to cold, Yin onset. Sinking-thin pulse, Si Ni Tang warming interior.
3. Post-sweating aversion to cold, Qi deficiency. Weak pulse, tonify deficiency, Shao Yao Fu Zi Gan Cao Tang.
"Aversion to Wind Three Syndromes":
1. Sweating/slow pulse, Gui Zhi Jia Ge Gen Tang, moisten body.
2. Taiyang disease, excessive sweating, Yang collapse. Wei deficiency/aversion to wind, warm meridians, Gui Zhi Jia Fu Zi Tang.
3. Wind-Damp binding, joint pain, immobility, sweating/aversion to wind, unwilling to remove clothes, Gan Cao Fu Zi Tang.
"Post-Sweating Fever and Re-injury Eight Syndromes":
1. Sweating ineffective, disease unresolved, sweat again.
2. Post-sweating re-injury wind/heat, sweat; re-injury wind-cold/heat, treat following syndrome.
3. Post-sweating fever, string-small-rapid pulse, residual heat, harmonize.
4. Post-sweating fever, quiet pulse, no pain, deficiency heat, mild tonification.
5. Post-sweating fever, thirst/irritability/fullness/abdominal urgency, interior syndrome, sinking-rapid pulse, purge.
6. Labor-induced recurrent fever, resolve fatigue, Chai Hu Bie Jia San.
7. Overeating-induced fever, digest food.
"Summerheat": Summer fever/aversion to cold, urinary sensation with goosebumps, string-small-empty-slow pulse, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang. Avoid sweating/purging.
"Summerheat" (Another): Back cold, greasy face, cold hands/feet, irritability/thirst, limb painless, floating pulse, Wu Ling San/Bai Hu Tang.
"Warmth": Winter cold exposure, spring re-exposure to abnormal Qi.
"Wind-Warmth": Wind then Warmth. Headache, sweating, heavy body, panting, silent sleepiness, floating Chi/Cun pulses. Wind-Warmth pulse floating, symptoms same as above.
"Warmth-Toxin": Post-sweat/vomit/purge, exterior not resolved, toxin enters organs, macules, Yang pulse large-rapid, Yin pulse solid-large.
"Damp-Warmth": Damp then Summerheat.
"Epidemic": Common symptoms among people, Yang pulse weak, Yin pulse stringy-tight.
"Tidal Fever": Yangming, Shen/You hours. Stomach excess purge, alternating cold/heat at other times. Taiyang fever Yin/Mao; Shaoyang Si/Wu.
"Spontaneous Sweating":
1. Taiyang channel spontaneous sweating, Ying weak/Wei strong.
2. Wind Strike, Taiyang slow pulse.
3. Wind-Warmth, heavy sleep, floating-slow pulse.
4. Wind-Damp, sinking-thin pulse, symptoms same as above.
5. Shao Yin, sore throat, stiffness, limb pain, Jue spontaneous sweating, Yang collapse.
6. Taiyang, Yang collapse spontaneous sweating.
7. Rou Jing, see Spasm above.
"Chu Zhong (Eliminating Middle) Death": Shanghan 6-7 days, slow pulse/diarrhea/heat, mistakenly given Huang Qin Tang to clear heat, abdomen cold, should not eat, but eats now, named Chu Zhong. Spleen channel pathogen causes diarrhea/heat, Huang Qin clears heat but removes Stomach Qi before pathogen is gone.
"Contraindications":
1. Jue Yin heart pain/macules, anorexia, vomiting worms if eating, continuous diarrhea if purged.
2. Limb Jue, do not purge.
3. Day 5-6, no Jie Xiong, abdominal fullness, weak pulse/Jue, do not purge.
4. Should purge but sweat, mouth ulcers.
5. Shao Yin sinking-thin-rapid pulse, interior disease, avoid sweating; mild case avoid sweating. Chi pulse weak-choppy, do not purge.
6. Taiyin abdominal fullness, vomiting, anorexia, spontaneous diarrhea, periodic pain. Avoid purge, causes chest hardness. Weak pulse/bowel movement, if purging reduce dose.
7. Shaoyang avoid sweating, avoid promoting urination/stool. Violation follows variation rules.
8. Taiyang difficulty urinating, do not promote urination, pathogen enters interior unresolved.
9. Dry throat/dysuria/epistaxis/difficulty urinating, should sweat but do not sweat.
10. Exterior do not purge, disturbs blood. Mistake causes Jie Xiong/Pi Qi. Sweating causes blood accumulation in chest; should sweat but purged causes Xie Re Li.
"Eight Variations of Taiyang Mistaken Purging":
1. Floating pulse: Jie Xiong.
2. Tight pulse: Sore throat.
3. Stringy pulse: Hypochondriac tension.
4. Fine-rapid pulse: Unceasing headache.
5. Sinking-tight pulse: Desire to vomit.
6. Sinking-slippery pulse: Heat diarrhea.
7. Floating-slippery pulse: Hematochezia.
"Yangming Should Not Sweat": Sweating causes blood stasis, upper Jiao epistaxis. Should not purge but purged, blood stasis in lower Jiao mania. Elderly with seasonal heat/mania cured by Fu Zi, died by cold-cooling herbs.
"Foot Taiyang": No thirst/clear urine, forbid diuresis. Dry throat forbid sweating, blood stasis forbid early purging. Thirst, Wu Ling San. Delirium/tidal fever/great thirst, purge.
"Foot Shaoyang": Three prohibitions, Stomach excess purge. Foot Taiyin forbid purge. Foot Shao Yin sinking pulse/dry throat/thirst, forbid sweating; choppy-weak pulse, forbid purging. Three Yin non-Stomach excess, do not purge.
"Treating Sanjiao": Involves Gallbladder/Shaoyang, treat as wind, avoid sweating/purging/diuresis.
"Treating Heart": Involves Kidney/Shao Yin, root heat mark cold, sinking-thin pulse, large on deep pressure, Cheng Qi Tang wine-prepared hot drink.
"Treating Bladder": Involves Small Intestine/Taiyang, root cold mark Yang, tight-rapid pulse, empty on pressure, Ginger/Aconite cold drink immediately.
"Treating Lung": Involves Spleen/Taiyin, cold uses cold method, Da Huang/Zhi Shi purge.
"Treating Yangming": Pure Yang, Large Intestine likes heat hates cold, treat cold with heat. Collaterals clear, treat heat with cold.
Xu Xueshi resolves external infections.
Wind Injury: Fears wind. Fang Feng 2 qian, Gan Cao/Ma Huang 1 qian each. Headache add Chuan Xiong; neck/back/waist pain add Qiang Huo; heaviness add Cang Zhu; joint pain add Qiang Huo; eye pain/nasal dryness/pain add Sheng Ma; dry retching/chills-fever/hypochondriac pain add Chai Hu.
Shanghan: Fears cold. Ma Huang 2 qian, Fang Feng/Gan Cao 1 qian each. Heavy head add Qiang Huo 1 qian.
Generally treating Shanghan, Gan Cao as Sovereign, Fang Feng/Bai Zhu as Ministers. Cold suits sweet release, adjust for other syndromes.
Wind Injury, Fang Feng as Sovereign, Gan Cao/Bai Zhu as Ministers. Wind suits pungent dispersal.
Shanghan exterior syndrome, Shi Gao/Hua Shi/Gan Cao/Zhi Mu/Scallion/Fermented Bean, sweat resolves.
Heat semi-exterior/semi-interior, Xiao Chai Hu Tang, sweat cures; severe heat, Da Chai Hu Tang; more severe, Xiao Cheng Qi Tang.
Interior heat severe, Da Cheng Qi Tang; jaundice, Yin Chen Hao Tang purge.
Jie Xiong, Xian Xiong Tang purge.
Internal Injury: Seen on right hand. Internal injury irritability ends cold, cold ends irritability, not simultaneous, interval exists, decreases at dusk, Stomach Qi receives command. At tide onset, mental fatigue, Qi insufficient.
External Injury: Seen on left hand. External injury no interval, worsens at dusk, Pathogen abundant. At tide onset, mental surplus, Pathogen victorious.
Cold pathogen anorexia, Wind pathogen appetite.
Exterior deficiency, do not treat as exterior deficiency. Or labor cooling undressing, or Yin deficiency new bath, exterior deficiency constrained by wind-cold, strictly do not wrongly release exterior.