何以知春得病?无肝脉也。无心脉,夏得病;无肺脉,秋得病;无肾脉,冬得病;无脾脉,四季之月得病。
假令肝病者,西行,若食鸡肉得之,当以秋时发,得病以庚辛日也。家有腥死,女子见之,以明要为灾。不者,若
感金银物得之。
假令脾病,东行,若食雉兔肉及诸木果实得之。不者,当以春时发,得病以甲乙日也。
假令心病,北行、若食豚、鱼得之。不者,当以冬时发,得病以壬癸日也。
假令肺病,南行,若食马肉及獐鹿肉得之。不者,当以夏时发,得病以丙丁日也。
假令肾病,中央,若食牛肉及诸土中物得之。不者,当以长夏时发,得病以戊己日也。
假令得王脉,当于县官家得之。
假令得相脉,当于嫁娶家得之,或相庆贺家得之。
假令得胎脉,当于产乳家得之。
假令得囚脉,当于囚徒家得之。
假令得休脉,其人素有宿病,不治自愈。
假令得死脉,当于死丧家感伤得之。
何以知人露卧得病?阳中有阴也。
何以知人夏月得病?诸阳入阴也。
何以知人食饮中毒?浮之无阳,微细之不可知也,但有阴脉,来疾去疾,此相为水气之毒也。脉迟者,食干物得之。
问曰∶假令病患欲瘥,脉而知愈,何以别之?师曰∶寸关尺大小迟疾浮沉同等,虽有寒热不解者,此脉阴阳为平复,
当自愈。人病,其寸口之脉与人迎之脉小大及浮沉等者,病难已。
如何判断是在春季得的病?是因为没有肝脉。如果没有心脉,就是在夏季得的病;如果没有肺脉,就是在秋季得的病;如果没有肾脉,就是在冬季得的病;如果没有脾脉,就是在四季之月(每季最后十八天)得的病。
假如是肝病,可能是向西行走,或者吃了鸡肉而致病,这种病应当在秋季发作,在庚辛日(属金的日期)得病。如果家里有人死于腥秽之物(如意外死亡),女子看见这种情况,会因为“明要”(此处指某种特定的征兆或禁忌,原文语境较晦涩,通常理解为触犯禁忌或受到惊吓/邪气)而受灾。如果不是这样,可能是因为接触了金银器物而致病。
假如是脾病,可能是向东行走,或者吃了野鸡、兔子肉以及各种木类果实而致病。如果不是这样,应当在春季发作,在甲乙日(属木的日期)得病。
假如是心病,可能是向北行走,或者吃了猪、鱼而致病。如果不是这样,应当在冬季发作,在壬癸日(属水的日期)得病。
假如是肺病,可能是向南行走,或者吃了马肉以及獐、鹿肉而致病。如果不是这样,应当在夏季发作,在丙丁日(属火的日期)得病。
假如是肾病,可能是在中央方位停留,或者吃了牛肉以及各种土中生长的食物而致病。如果不是这样,应当在长夏(夏秋之交)发作,在戊己日(属土的日期)得病。
假如诊得王脉(旺脉,即当令之脉),应当是在官府人家得的病。
假如诊得相脉(相脉,即次旺之脉),应当是在嫁娶人家得的病,或者是在互相庆贺的人家得的病。
假如诊得胎脉(孕妇脉),应当是在分娩哺乳的人家得的病。
假如诊得囚脉(衰脉,即受制之脉),应当是在囚徒人家得的病。
假如诊得休脉(休脉,即休息之脉),这个人向来有旧病,不治疗也能自愈。
假如诊得死脉(死脉,即无生气之脉),应当是在丧事人家因感伤而得的病。
如何知道人是饮食中毒?轻取(浮取)没有阳脉,脉象微细难以辨识,只有阴脉,且脉搏来去急促,这是水气之毒。脉象迟缓的,是吃了干硬食物导致的。
问:假如病人想要痊愈,通过脉象知道将要好转,如何辨别呢?老师说:寸口、关部、尺部的脉象大小、迟疾、浮沉都同等协调,虽然还有寒热症状没有解除,但这是因为脉象的阴阳已经恢复平衡,应当会自愈。人患病时,如果他的寸口脉与人迎脉的大小及浮沉程度相等,说明病情难以痊愈。
How can one know that a disease was contracted in spring? It is indicated by the absence of the Liver pulse (Gan Mai). If the Heart pulse (Xin Mai) is absent, the disease was contracted in summer; if the Lung pulse (Fei Mai) is absent, it was contracted in autumn; if the Kidney pulse (Shen Mai) is absent, it was contracted in winter; if the Spleen pulse (Pi Mai) is absent, it was contracted during the months of the four seasons (the last eighteen days of each season).
For example, if a person suffers from Liver disease (Gan Bing), it may be caused by traveling westward or consuming chicken meat. Such a disease should manifest in autumn and arise on Geng-Xin days (days associated with Metal). If there is a death due to foul substances at home, and a woman witnesses it, she may suffer disaster due to violating taboos or encountering ominous signs. Alternatively, it may be caused by contact with gold or silver objects.
If a person suffers from Spleen disease (Pi Bing), it may be caused by traveling eastward or consuming pheasant, rabbit meat, and various fruits derived from wood. Otherwise, the disease should manifest in spring and arise on Jia-Yi days (days associated with Wood).
If a person suffers from Heart disease (Xin Bing), it may be caused by traveling northward or consuming pork and fish. Otherwise, the disease should manifest in winter and arise on Ren-Gui days (days associated with Water).
If a person suffers from Lung disease (Fei Bing), it may be caused by traveling southward or consuming horse meat, as well as deer and roe deer meat. Otherwise, the disease should manifest in summer and arise on Bing-Ding days (days associated with Fire).
If a person suffers from Kidney disease (Shen Bing), it may be caused by staying in the central direction or consuming beef and various foods grown in the soil. Otherwise, the disease should manifest in late summer (Chang Xia) and arise on Wu-Ji days (days associated with Earth).
If the Wang pulse (Wang Mai, prosperous pulse corresponding to the current season) is obtained, the disease was likely contracted in an official's household.
If the Xiang pulse (Xiang Mai, secondary prosperous pulse) is obtained, the disease was likely contracted in a household involving marriage or mutual congratulations.
If the Tai pulse (Tai Mai, pregnancy pulse) is obtained, the disease was likely contracted in a household where childbirth or lactation is occurring.
If the Qiu pulse (Qiu Mai, restricted pulse) is obtained, the disease was likely contracted in a prisoner's household.
If the Xiu pulse (Xiu Mai, resting pulse) is obtained, the patient has a chronic condition that will heal spontaneously without treatment.
If the Si pulse (Si Mai, dying pulse) is obtained, the disease was likely contracted through grief and shock while attending a funeral.
How can one know that a disease was contracted from sleeping outdoors? This is because Yin pathogenic factors have invaded the Yang aspect.
How can one know that a disease was contracted in summer? This is because the Yang Qi has entered into the Yin aspect.
How can one know that a disease was caused by food or drink poisoning? Upon superficial palpation (Fu Qu), there is no Yang pulse; the pulse is minute and fine, difficult to discern, showing only Yin characteristics. The pulse comes and goes rapidly, indicating toxicity from water-dampness. If the pulse is slow (Chi), it indicates consumption of dry food.
Question: If a patient is about to recover, how can one determine impending healing through pulse diagnosis? The Master said: If the pulses at the Cun (Cun Kou), Guan, and Chi positions are equal in magnitude, rate (slow/fast), and depth (floating/sinking), even if cold-heat symptoms persist, this indicates that the Yin and Yang of the pulses have returned to balance, and spontaneous recovery should occur. Conversely, if the Cun Kou pulse and the Ying Shou pulse (Ying Shou Mai, located on the neck artery) are equal in size and floating/sinking depth, the disease is difficult to cure.