师曰∶厥阴之为病，消渴，气上冲心，心中疼热，饥而不欲食，食即吐，下之不肯止。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮则为虚，迟则为劳。虚则卫气不足，迟则荣气竭。趺阳脉浮而数，浮则为气，数则消谷而紧（《要
略》紧作大坚），气盛则溲数，溲数则紧（《要略》作坚）。紧数相搏，则为消渴。
男子消渴，小便反多，以饮一斗，小便一斗，肾气丸主之。师曰∶热在（一作结）下焦则溺血，亦令人淋闭不通。
淋之为病，小便如粟状，少腹弦急，痛引脐中。
寸口脉细而数，数则为热，细则为寒，数为强吐。趺阳脉数，胃中有热，则消谷引食，大便必坚，小便则数。少阴
脉数，妇人则阴中生疮，男子则气淋。淋家不可发汗，发汗则必便血。
师曰∶病有风水，有皮水，有正水，有石水，有黄汗。风水其脉自浮，外证骨节疼痛，其人恶风。皮水，其脉亦浮，
外证 肿，按之没指，不恶风，其腹如鼓（如鼓，一作如故，不满）不渴，当发其汗。正水，其脉沉迟，外证自喘。石
水，其脉自沉，外证腹满，不喘。黄汗，其脉沉迟，身体发热，胸满，四肢、头面肿，久不愈，必致痈脓。脉浮而洪。
浮则为风，洪则为气，风气相搏，风强则为瘾疹，身体为痒，痒为泄风，久为痂癞。气强则为水，难以俯仰。风气相击，
身体洪肿，汗出乃愈。恶风则虚，此为风水；不恶风者，小便通利，上焦有寒，其口多涎，此为黄汗。
寸口脉沉滑者，中有水气，面目肿大有热，名曰风水。视人之目裹上微拥，如新卧起状，其颈脉动，时时咳，按其
手足上，陷而不起者，风水。太阳病，脉浮而紧，法当骨节疼痛，而反不疼，身体反重而酸。其人不渴，汗出即愈，此
为风水。恶寒者，此为极虚，发汗得之。渴而不恶寒者，此为皮水。身肿而冷，状如周痹，胸中窒，不能食，反聚痛，
暮躁不眠，此为黄汗，痛在骨节。咳而喘，不渴者，此为脾胀。其形如肿，发汗即愈。然诸病此者，渴而下利，小便数
者，皆不可发汗。风水，其脉浮，浮为在表，其人能食，头痛汗出，表无佗病，病者言但下重，故从腰以上为和，腰以
下当肿及阴，难以屈伸，防己黄 汤主之。（一云∶风水，脉浮身重，汗出恶风者，防己黄 汤主之）风水，恶风，一身
悉肿，脉浮不渴，续自汗出，而无大热者，越婢汤主之。师曰∶裹水者，一身面目洪肿，其脉沉。小便不利，故令病水。
假如小便自利，亡津液，故令渴也，越婢加术汤主之。（一云∶皮水，其脉沉，头面浮肿，小便不利，故令病水。假令小
便自利，亡津液，故令渴也）皮水之为病，四肢肿，水气在皮肤中，四肢聂聂动者，防己茯苓汤主之。趺阳脉当伏，今
反紧，本自有寒，疝瘕，腹中痛。医反下之，下之则胸满短气。趺阳脉当伏，今反数，本自有热，消谷（一作消渴），小
便数，今反不利，此欲作水。寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉热，迟脉潜，热潜相抟，名曰沉。趺阳脉浮而数，浮脉热，数脉止，
热止相抟，名曰伏。沉伏相抟，名曰水。沉则络脉虚，伏则小便难，虚难相抟，水走皮肤，则为水矣。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦则卫气不行，卫气不行则恶寒，水不沾流，走在肠间。少阴脉紧而沉，紧则为痛，沉则为水，小
便即难。师曰∶脉得诸沉者，当责有水，身体肿重，水病脉出者，死。夫水病患，目下有卧蚕，面目鲜泽，脉伏，其人
消渴，病水腹大，小便不利，其脉沉绝者，有水，可下之。
问曰∶病下利后，渴饮水，小便不利，腹满因肿者，何也？答曰∶此法当病水，若小便自利及汗出者，自当愈。水
之为病，其脉沉小属少阴。浮者为风，无水虚胀者为气。水发其汗即已。沉者与附子麻黄汤，浮者与杏子汤。
心水者，其身重而少气，不得卧，烦而躁，其阴大肿。
肝水者，其腹大，不能自转侧，胁下腹中痛，时时津液微生，小便续通。
肺水者，其身肿，小便难，时时鸭溏。
脾水者，其腹大，四肢苦重，津液不生，但苦少气，小便难。
肾水者，其腹大脐肿，腰痛不得溺，阴下湿，如牛鼻上汗，其足逆冷，面反瘦（一云大便反坚）。
师曰∶诸有水者，腰以下肿，当利小便，腰以上肿，当发汗乃愈。
师曰∶寸口脉沉而迟，沉则为水，迟则为寒，寒水相抟，趺阳脉伏，水谷不化，脾气衰则骛溏，胃气衰则身肿。少
阳脉卑，少阴脉细，男子则小便不利，妇人则经水不通。经为血，血不利则为水，名曰血分（一云水分）。
问曰∶病者若水，面目身体四肢皆肿，小便不利，师脉之不言水，反言胸中痛，气上冲咽，状如炙肉，当微咳喘，
审如师言，其脉何类？师曰∶寸口脉沉而紧，沉为水，紧为寒，沉紧相搏，结在关元，始时当微，年盛不觉，阳衰之后，
荣卫相干，阳损阴盛，结寒微动，紧气上冲，喉咽塞噎，胁下急痛。医以为留饮而大下之，气击不去，其病不除。后重
吐之，胃家虚烦，咽燥欲饮水，小便不利，水谷不化，面目手足浮肿，又与葶苈丸下水，当时如小瘥，食饮过度，肿复
如前，胸胁苦痛，象若奔豚，其水扬溢，则浮咳喘逆。当先攻击冲气，令止，乃治咳，咳止其喘自瘥。先治新病，病当
在后。黄汗之病，身体洪肿（一作重），发热，汗出而渴（而渴，一作不渴），状如风水，汗沾衣，色正黄如柏汁，其脉
自沉。
问曰∶黄汗之病，从何得之？师曰∶以汗出入水中浴，水从汗孔入得之。黄 芍药桂枝苦酒汤主之。黄汗之病，两
胫自冷，假令发热，此属历节。食已汗出，又身常暮卧盗汗出者，此劳气也。若汗出已，反发热者，久久其身必甲错。
发热不止者，必生恶疮。若身重，汗出已辄轻者，久久必身 ， 则胸中痛，又从腰以上必汗出，下无汗，腰髋弛痛，
如有物在皮中状，剧者不能食，身疼重，烦躁，小便不利，此为黄汗，桂枝加黄 汤主之。
寸口脉迟而涩，迟则为寒，涩为血不足。趺阳脉微而迟，微则为气，迟则为寒。寒气不足，则手足逆冷，手足逆冷，
则荣卫不利，荣卫不利，则腹满胁鸣相逐，气转膀胱，荣卫俱劳，阳气不通则身冷，阴气不通则骨疼。阳前通则恶寒，
阴前通则痹不仁。阴阳相得，其气乃行，大气一转，其气乃散。实则失气，虚则遗溺，名曰气分。气分，心下坚，大如
盘，边如旋杯，水饮所作，桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤主之。心下坚大如盘边如旋盘水饮所作枳实术汤主之。
老师说：厥阴病的症状表现为消渴（口渴多饮），气向上冲撞心脏，心中感觉疼痛且灼热，有饥饿感却不想进食，吃了东西就会呕吐，如果误用泻下法治疗，腹泻将不能停止。
寸口脉象浮而迟，浮脉表示正气虚弱，迟脉表示劳损。正气虚弱则卫气不足，迟脉则表明营血枯竭。趺阳脉象浮而数，浮脉表示气盛，数脉表示消化食物快且小便频数（《金匮要略》中“紧”字作“大坚”解）。气盛导致小便频数，小便频数则津液亏损（《金匮要略》作“坚”解）。津液亏损与热邪相互搏结，就形成了消渴病。
男子患消渴病，小便反而增多，喝一斗水，就排出一斗尿，应当用肾气丸主治。老师说：热邪在下焦会导致尿血，也会使人患上淋证，导致小便闭塞不通。
淋证的表现为小便排出如粟米状颗粒，小腹部拘急紧绷，疼痛牵引至肚脐中部。
寸口脉细而数，数脉表示有热，细脉表示有寒，数脉还可能导致强行呕吐。趺阳脉数，说明胃中有热，会加速消化并引起食欲，大便必然干硬，小便则频数。少阴脉数，妇女会在阴道内生疮，男子则会患气淋。患有淋证的人不可使用发汗法，如果发汗，必然导致便血。
老师说：疾病有风水、皮水、正水、石水、黄汗这几种类型。风水病的脉象自然浮，外在症状是骨节疼痛，病人怕风。皮水病的脉象也浮，外在症状是水肿，按压后凹陷不起，不怕风，腹部像鼓一样胀满（有的版本作“如故”，指不满），口不渴，应当采用发汗法治疗。正水病的脉象沉迟，外在症状是自然喘息。石水病的脉象自然沉，外在症状是腹部胀满，不喘息。黄汗病的脉象沉迟，身体发热，胸部胀满，四肢和头面部浮肿，如果久治不愈，必定导致痈脓。脉象浮而洪大。浮脉表示风邪，洪脉表示气盛，风邪与气邪相互搏结，风邪强盛则出现瘾疹（荨麻疹），身体瘙痒，瘙痒即为泄风，日久会变成痂癞。气邪强盛则形成水肿，难以俯仰。风邪与气邪相互搏击，身体严重肿胀，出汗后痊愈。怕风的属于虚证，这是风水；不怕风的，小便通利，上焦有寒，口中多涎，这是黄汗。
寸口脉沉滑的，体内有水气，面目肿大且有热，名叫风水。观察病人的眼睑上方微微隆起，像刚睡醒的样子，颈部动脉跳动，时常咳嗽，按压手足背部，凹陷不能立即弹起的，是风水。太阳病，脉象浮而紧，按理应当骨节疼痛，但反而不疼，身体反而沉重酸痛。病人不渴，出汗后就痊愈，这是风水。怕冷的，这是极度虚弱，是由于误用发汗法导致的。口渴但不怕风的，这是皮水。身体肿胀且冷，症状类似周痹，胸中窒塞，不能进食，反而聚痛，傍晚烦躁失眠，这是黄汗，疼痛在骨节。咳嗽且喘，不渴的，这是脾胀。形体像肿，发汗即愈。然而各种病如果有这种情况，口渴且腹泻，小便频数的，都不可发汗。风水病，脉象浮，浮表示病在表，病人能进食，头痛出汗，表证无其他病变，病人说只觉得下身沉重，所以腰部以上是正常的，腰部以下应当肿胀及阴部，难以屈伸，用防己黄芪汤主治。（另一种说法：风水病，脉浮身重，出汗怕风的，用防己黄芪汤主治）风水病，怕风，全身悉肿，脉浮不渴，持续自汗出，而没有大热的，用越婢汤主治。老师说：裹水病，全身面目严重肿胀，脉象沉。小便不利，所以导致水病。假如小便自利，津液亡失，所以导致口渴，用越婢加术汤主治。（另一种说法：皮水病，脉象沉，头面浮肿，小便不利，所以导致水病。假如小便自利，津液亡失，所以导致口渴）皮水病，四肢肿胀，水气在皮肤中，四肢轻微跳动的，用防己茯苓汤主治。趺阳脉应当伏，现在反而紧，本来就有寒邪，疝瘕，腹中痛。医生反而用泻下法，泻下后则胸满短气。趺阳脉应当伏，现在反而数，本来就有热，消化食物快（或消渴），小便频数，现在反而不利，这是将要发生水病。寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉主热，迟脉主潜藏，热与潜相搏结，名叫沉。趺阳脉浮而数，浮脉主热，数脉主止息，热与止相搏结，名叫伏。沉与伏相搏结，名叫水。沉则络脉空虚，伏则小便困难，空虚与困难相搏结，水气走窜皮肤，就形成了水病。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦则卫气运行不畅，卫气不行则怕冷，水液不沾流，走在肠间。少阴脉紧而沉，紧则疼痛，沉则水停，小便即困难。老师说：脉象见到各种沉脉的，应当责求有水，身体肿胀沉重，水病脉象浮大而散出的，预后不良，主死。凡是水病患者，眼下像卧蚕，面目光泽鲜亮，脉伏，病人消渴，病水腹部胀大，小便不利，脉象沉绝的，是有水，可以用攻下法。
问：病人在腹泻后，口渴想喝水，小便不利，腹部胀满因而肿胀，这是什么原因？答：这种方法应当是水病，如果小便自利以及出汗的，自然会痊愈。水病，脉象沉小属于少阴。脉浮的是风邪，没有水而虚胀的是气病。水病发汗即可痊愈。脉沉的用附子麻黄汤，脉浮的用杏子汤。
心水病，身体沉重且气短，不能平卧，心烦且躁动，生殖器严重肿胀。
肝水病，腹部胀大，不能自行翻身转侧，胁下腹中痛，时时津液微生，小便断续通畅。
脾水病，腹部胀大，四肢苦于沉重，津液不生，只苦于气短，小便困难。
肾水病，腹部胀大，肚脐肿胀，腰痛不能排尿，阴部潮湿，像牛鼻上的汗水，双脚逆冷，面部反而消瘦（一种说法是大便反而干硬）。
老师说：所有有水病的人，腰部以下肿胀，应当利小便；腰部以上肿胀，应当发汗才能痊愈。
老师说：寸口脉沉而迟，沉则水停，迟则寒盛，寒与水相搏结，趺阳脉伏，水谷不化，脾气衰弱则腹泻，胃气衰弱则身体肿胀。少阳脉卑弱，少阴脉细，男子则小便不利，妇人则月经不通。经血为血，血行不畅则化为水，名叫血分（一种说法叫水分）。
问：病人如果是水病，面目身体四肢都肿胀，小便不利，老师诊脉不说水病，反而说胸中痛，气向上冲咽喉，感觉像有烤肉堵塞，应当轻微咳嗽气喘，确实像老师说的，他的脉象是什么样的？老师说：寸口脉沉而紧，沉为水，紧为寒，沉紧相搏结，结在关元穴处，开始时轻微，年壮时不觉察，阳气衰退之后，营卫相互干扰，阳气受损阴气盛，结聚的寒邪轻微触动，紧气上冲，喉咽阻塞噎塞，胁下急痛。医生以为是留饮而用峻下法，气击不去，病不能除。后来再次催吐，胃家虚烦，咽燥想喝水，小便不利，水谷不化，面目手足浮肿，又用葶苈丸攻下水，当时稍微好转，饮食过度，肿胀又恢复从前，胸胁苦痛，像奔豚病，水气扬溢，则浮咳喘逆。应当先攻击冲气，使其停止，再治咳嗽，咳止其喘自然痊愈。先治新病，旧病当在后。
黄汗病，身体严重肿胀（一种说法为重），发热，出汗且渴（一种说法是不渴），症状像风水，汗沾衣服，颜色正黄如柏汁，脉象自然沉。
问：黄汗病，是怎么得的？老师说：因为出汗时进入水中沐浴，水从汗孔进入而得之。用黄芪芍药桂枝苦酒汤主治。黄汗病，两小腿自然发冷，假如发热，这属于历节病。饭后出汗，又经常傍晚睡觉盗汗的，这是劳气病。如果出汗后，反而发热，久久身体必定甲错（皮肤干燥如鳞甲）。发热不止的，必定生恶疮。如果身体重，出汗后随即减轻，久久必身体麻木不仁，则胸中痛，又从腰部以上必出汗，下部无汗，腰髋弛缓疼痛，好像有物在皮中，严重的不能进食，身体疼重，烦躁，小便不利，这是黄汗，用桂枝加黄芪汤主治。
寸口脉迟而涩，迟则为寒，涩为血不足。趺阳脉微而迟，微则为气虚，迟则为寒。寒气与血不足，则手足逆冷，手足逆冷，则营卫不利，营卫不利，则腹满胁鸣相互追逐，气转注膀胱，营卫俱劳，阳气不通则身体冷，阴气不通则骨痛。阳气前通则怕冷，阴气前通则麻痹不仁。阴阳相得，其气乃行，大气一转，其气乃散。实证则失气（放屁），虚证则遗尿，名叫气分。气分病，心下坚硬，大如盘，边缘如旋转的杯子，由水饮所作，用桂枝去芍药加麻黄细辛附子汤主治。心下坚大如盘，边缘如旋盘，由水饮所作，用枳实术汤主治。
The Master said: The disease of Jueyin manifests as Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome characterized by excessive thirst and drinking), Qi rushing up to the heart, pain and heat in the heart region, a sensation of hunger without desire to eat, vomiting immediately after eating, and if purgatives are misused, diarrhea will not cease.
The pulse at the Cun Kou (radial artery) is floating and slow. Floating indicates deficiency; slow indicates exhaustion. Deficiency leads to insufficient Wei Qi (Defensive Qi); slowness indicates the depletion of Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). The pulse at the Fu Yang (dorsalis pedis artery) is floating and rapid. Floating indicates excess Qi; rapidity indicates efficient digestion and frequent urination (in *Jin Gui Yao Lue*, "tight" is interpreted as "large and firm"). Excess Qi causes frequent urination; frequent urination leads to fluid depletion (in *Jin Gui Yao Lue* interpreted as "firmness"). When fluid depletion and heat contend, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst) arises.
In men with Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), urination is abnormally frequent; for every one dou of water drunk, one dou of urine is excreted. Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill) is the primary prescription. The Master said: Heat in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner) can cause hematuria and also lead to Lin syndrome (strangury), resulting in urinary obstruction.
Lin syndrome (strangury) presents with urine resembling millet grains, tension and urgency in the lower abdomen, and pain radiating to the umbilicus.
The pulse at Cun Kou is thin and rapid. Rapidity indicates heat; thinness indicates cold. Rapidity may also force vomiting. The pulse at Fu Yang is rapid, indicating heat in the Stomach, which accelerates digestion and increases appetite, leading to hard stools and frequent urination. If the pulse at Shao Yin (internal radial or ankle position) is rapid, women develop sores in the vagina, while men suffer from Qi Lin (Qi strangury). Patients with Lin syndrome must not be treated with sweating methods; if sweated, hematochezia (blood in stool) will inevitably occur.
The Master said: Diseases include Feng Shui (Wind-Water), Pi Shui (Skin-Water), Zheng Shui (Regular Water), Shi Shui (Stone-Water), and Huang Han (Yellow Sweat). Feng Shui (Wind-Water) has a naturally floating pulse, external symptoms of joint pain, and aversion to wind. Pi Shui (Skin-Water) also has a floating pulse, external symptoms of edema that indents upon pressure, no aversion to wind, abdominal distension like a drum (some versions say "like normal," meaning not full), and no thirst; it should be treated with sweating. Zheng Shui (Regular Water) has a deep and slow pulse, with external symptoms of spontaneous panting. Shi Shui (Stone-Water) has a naturally deep pulse, with external symptoms of abdominal fullness but no panting. Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) has a deep and slow pulse, body fever, chest fullness, and swelling of the limbs, head, and face; if untreated for long, it will certainly lead to abscesses and pus. The pulse is floating and surging. Floating indicates Wind; surging indicates Qi. When Wind and Qi contend, strong Wind causes Urticaria (hives) and body itching; itching is called Xie Feng (Leaking Wind), which over time becomes Jia Lai (crusty scabs). Strong Qi causes water retention, making bending difficult. When Wind and Qi strike each other, severe body swelling occurs, resolving only with sweating. Aversion to wind indicates deficiency, characterizing Feng Shui (Wind-Water); no aversion to wind, with free urination, cold in the Upper Jiao, and excessive saliva, characterizes Huang Han (Yellow Sweat).
A Cun Kou pulse that is deep and slippery indicates internal water qi, swollen face and eyes with heat, named Feng Shui (Wind-Water). Observing the upper eyelids slightly bulging, as if just awakened, with pulsation in the neck vessels, frequent coughing, and pitting edema on the hands and feet that does not rebound quickly, confirms Feng Shui (Wind-Water). Taiyang disease typically presents with a floating and tight pulse and joint pain; however, if there is no pain but rather heavy and sore body sensations, and the patient is not thirsty, sweating leads to cure; this is Feng Shui (Wind-Water). Aversion to cold indicates extreme deficiency, caused by improper sweating. Thirst without aversion to cold indicates Pi Shui (Skin-Water). Body swelling with cold, resembling Zhou Bi (circulating bi-syndrome), chest oppression, inability to eat,集聚 pain, evening restlessness, and insomnia indicate Huang Han (Yellow Sweat), with pain in the joints. Coughing and panting without thirst indicate Pi Zhang (Spleen Distension). The form resembles swelling, cured by sweating. However, for any such diseases, if accompanied by thirst, diarrhea, and frequent urination, sweating is contraindicated. For Feng Shui (Wind-Water), the pulse is floating, indicating the pathogen is in the exterior. The patient can eat, has headache and sweating, with no other exterior pathology. The patient reports heaviness in the lower body; thus, the area above the waist is harmonious, while below the waist swells including the genitals, with difficulty in flexion and extension. Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang (Acanthopanacis Cortex and Astragali Decoction) is the primary prescription. (Another version: For Feng Shui (Wind-Water) with floating pulse, heavy body, sweating, and aversion to wind, Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang is used.) For Feng Shui (Wind-Water) with aversion to wind, generalized swelling, floating pulse, no thirst, continuous spontaneous sweating, and no high fever, Yue Bi Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is the primary prescription. The Master said: Guo Shui (Wrapped Water) presents with severe swelling of the whole body and face, deep pulse, and urinary difficulty, causing water disease. If urination is free, fluid loss causes thirst; Yue Bi Jia Zhu Tang (Ephedra Decoction with Atractylodes Macrocephalae) is the primary prescription. (Another version: For Pi Shui (Skin-Water) with deep pulse, head/face swelling, and urinary difficulty causing water disease; if urination is free, fluid loss causes thirst.) Pi Shui (Skin-Water) presents with limb swelling, water qi in the skin, and slight tremors in the limbs; Fang Ji Fu Ling Tang (Acanthopanacis Cortex and Poria Decoction) is the primary prescription. The Fu Yang pulse should be hidden; if unexpectedly tight, it indicates pre-existing cold, Shan Jia (hernia/mass), and abdominal pain. If the physician incorrectly uses purgatives, chest fullness and shortness of breath result. If the Fu Yang pulse should be hidden but is unexpectedly rapid, it indicates pre-existing heat, efficient digestion (or wasting-thirst), and frequent urination; if now obstructed, water disease is impending. A Cun Kou pulse that is floating and slow: floating indicates heat, slow indicates submersion; heat and submersion contend, named Chen (Deep). A Fu Yang pulse that is floating and rapid: floating indicates heat, rapid indicates cessation; heat and cessation contend, named Fu (Hidden). Deep and Hidden contending is named Water. Deep implies empty collaterals; Hidden implies difficult urination; emptiness and difficulty contend, water moves into the skin, forming water disease.
A Cun Kou pulse that is wiry and tight: wiry implies blocked Wei Qi (Defensive Qi); blocked Wei Qi causes aversion to cold; water does not adhere to its flow but moves between the intestines. A Shao Yin pulse that is tight and deep: tight implies pain, deep implies water accumulation, leading to difficult urination. The Master said: Whenever a deep pulse is found, one must suspect water; if the body is swollen and heavy, and the water disease pulse floats outwards (becomes superficial and scattered), death ensues. In water patients, the area under the eyes resembles a sleeping silkworm, the face and eyes are lustrous, the pulse is hidden, the patient suffers from wasting-thirst, the abdomen is distended, urination is difficult, and if the pulse is deeply suppressed, water is present, and purgatives may be used.
Question: After diarrhea, the patient is thirsty and desires water, has urinary difficulty, abdominal fullness, and subsequent swelling. What is this? Answer: This method suggests water disease. If urination becomes free and sweating occurs, it will heal spontaneously. Water disease with a deep and small pulse belongs to Shao Yin. A floating pulse indicates Wind; empty distension without water indicates Qi disease. Sweating cures water disease. For deep pulses, use Fu Zi Ma Huang Tang (Aconite and Ephedra Decoction); for floating pulses, use Xing Zi Tang (Apricot Seed Decoction).
Xin Shui (Heart Water): The body is heavy with shortness of breath, inability to lie flat, irritability, agitation, and significant swelling of the genitals.
Gan Shui (Liver Water): The abdomen is large, unable to turn over independently, pain in the hypochondrium and abdomen, occasional production of saliva, and intermittent urination.
Fei Shui (Lung Water): The body is swollen, urination is difficult, and stools are frequently loose like duck droppings.
Pi Shui (Spleen Water): The abdomen is large, limbs are heavily burdened, saliva/fluids are not generated, suffering primarily from shortness of breath, and urination is difficult.
Shen Shui (Kidney Water): The abdomen is large, the umbilicus is swollen, lower back pain, inability to urinate, dampness in the genital area, sweating on the genitals like sweat on an ox's nose, cold feet, and a thin face (one version says constipation).
The Master said: For all water diseases, if swelling is below the waist, promote urination; if swelling is above the waist, induce sweating to achieve cure.
The Master said: A Cun Kou pulse that is deep and slow: deep indicates water, slow indicates cold. Cold and water contend, the Fu Yang pulse is hidden, food and fluids are not transformed, Spleen Qi decline leads to loose stools, and Stomach Qi decline leads to body swelling. Shao Yang pulse is low/subdued, Shao Yin pulse is thin; in men, urination is difficult; in women, menstruation stops. Menstruation is blood; if blood circulation is impaired, it transforms into water, named Xue Fen (Blood Division) (one version says Shui Fen/Water Division).
Question: If a patient has water disease, with swelling of the face, body, and limbs, and urinary difficulty, why does the master diagnose chest pain, Qi rushing to the throat feeling like a piece of roasted meat stuck, and slight coughing/panting instead of water disease? What is the pulse? Answer: The Cun Kou pulse is deep and tight. Deep indicates water, tight indicates cold. Deep and tight contend, knotting at the Guan Yuan point. Initially mild, unnoticed in youth, but after Yang declines, Ying and Wei interfere. Yang damage and Yin excess cause the knotted cold to move slightly, the tight Qi rushes up, causing throat blockage and hypochondriac pain. Physicians mistook this for Liu Yin (retained fluid) and used harsh purgatives; the Qi attack remained, and the disease persisted. Later, emetics were used, causing Stomach deficiency, vexation, dry throat, desire for water, urinary difficulty, undigested food, and swelling of the face and limbs. Then Ting Li Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) was used to drain water; there was temporary relief, but overeating caused swelling to return, with bitter chest/hypochondriac pain resembling Ben Tun (Running Piglet). Water overflowed, causing floating cough and panting. One must first attack the Chong Qi (Penetrating Vessel Qi) to stop it, then treat the cough; once the cough stops, the panting heals naturally. Treat new diseases first; old diseases follow later.
Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) disease: Severe body swelling (one version says heaviness), fever, sweating with thirst (one version says no thirst), resembling Feng Shui (Wind-Water). Sweat stains clothes yellow like pagoda tree juice; the pulse is naturally deep.
Question: How is Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) acquired? Answer: By bathing in water while sweating, allowing water to enter through the sweat pores. Huang Qi Shao Yao Gui Zhi Ku Jiu Tang (Astragali, Paeoniae, Cinnamomi, and Vinegar Decoction) is the primary prescription. In Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) disease, the calves are naturally cold; if they feel hot, it belongs to Li Jie (Migratory Joint Pain). Sweating after eating, and night sweats during sleep, indicate Lao Qi (Labor Qi/Deficiency Qi). If fever persists after sweating, the body will eventually become Ja Cuo (cracked like fish scales). Persistent fever will generate malignant sores. If the body feels heavy but lightens after sweating, eventually the body becomes numb; chest pain follows, sweating occurs above the waist but not below, with flaccid pain in the loins and hips, feeling like something is in the skin. In severe cases, inability to eat, body ache/heaviness, irritability, and urinary difficulty indicate Huang Han (Yellow Sweat), treated with Gui Zhi Jia Huang Qi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Astragali).
A Cun Kou pulse that is slow and choppy: slow indicates cold, choppy indicates blood deficiency. A Fu Yang pulse that is faint and slow: faint indicates Qi deficiency, slow indicates cold. Cold Qi and blood deficiency cause cold extremities; cold extremities impair Ying and Wei circulation; impaired Ying and Wei cause abdominal fullness and borborygmus, Qi moving to the Bladder, Ying and Wei both exhausted. Blocked Yang Qi causes cold body; blocked Yin Qi causes bone pain. If Yang opens forward, aversion to cold occurs; if Yin opens forward, numbness occurs. When Yin and Yang harmonize, Qi flows; when the Great Qi rotates, stagnation disperses. Excess leads to passing gas; deficiency leads to enuresis, named Qi Fen (Qi Division). Qi Fen disease presents with hardness below the heart, large as a plate, edges like a rotating cup, caused by water-fluids. Gui Zhi Qu Shao Yao Jia Ma Huang Xi Xin Fu Zi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Paeonia plus Ephedra, Asarum, and Aconite) is the primary prescription. For hardness below the heart large as a plate, edges like a rotating dish, caused by water-fluids, Zhi Shi Zhu Tang (Immature Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Decoction) is the primary prescription.