体象 数脉属阳，象为太过；一息六至，往来越度。
数之为义，躁急而不能中和也。一呼脉再动，气行三寸，一吸脉再动，气行三寸，呼吸定息，气行六寸。一
昼一夜，凡一万三千五百息，当五十周于身，脉行八百一十丈，此经脉周流恒常之揆度。若一息六至，
岂非越其常度耶！气行速疾，故曰属阳。
主病 数脉主府，其病为热。左寸数者，头痛上热，舌疮烦渴。数在左关，目泪耳鸣，左颧发赤。
左尺得数，消渴不止，小便黄赤。右寸数者，咳嗽吐血，喉腥嗌痛。数在右关，脾热口臭，胃反呕
逆。右尺得数，大便秘涩，遗浊淋癃。
火性急速，故阳盛之证，脉来必数。六腑为阳，数亦为阳，是以主府。《难经·九难》曰∶“数者，府也。”又曰∶
“数则为热。”《伤寒论》亦曰∶“数为在府。”此以迟数分阴阳，故即以配脏腑，亦不过言其大概耳。至若
错综互见，在腑有迟，在脏有数，在表有迟，在里有数，又安可以脏腑二字拘定耶？火亢上焦，清阳扰乱
而头痛；舌乃心之苗，热则生疮而烦渴。肝开窍于目，热甚而泪迫于外；耳鸣者，火逞其炎上之虐耳；左
颧，肝之应也，热乃赤色见焉。天一之原，阴水用事，热则阴不胜阳，华池之水，不能直达于舌底，故渴而
善饮，溲如膏油，便赤又其小者矣。肺属金而为娇脏，火其仇雠，火来乘金，咳嗽之媒也；肺火独炽，则咽
喉时觉血腥，咽津则痛，乃失血之渐。脾胃性虽喜燥，若太过则有燥烈之虞；胃为水谷之海，热甚而酿
成秽气，食入则吐，是有火也。肾主五液，饥饱劳役及辛热浓味，使火邪伏于血中，津液少而大便结矣。
兼脉 有力实火，无力虚火。浮数表热，沉数里热。
数而有力，聚热所致；数而无力，热中兼虚。浮脉主表，沉脉主里，兼数则热可知。
按数脉与迟脉为一阴一阳，诸脉之纲领。伪诀立七表八里而独遗数脉，止歌于心脏，其过非浅。数而
弦急则为紧脉，数而流利则为滑脉，数而有止则为促脉，数而过极则为疾脉，数如豆粒则为动脉。非
深思不能辨别也。叔和云∶“一呼再至曰平，三至曰离经，四至曰夺精，五至曰死，六至曰命尽。”乃知脉
形愈数，则受证愈热。肺部见之，为金家贼脉；秋月逢之，为克令凶征。
脉之为道，博而言之，其象多端；约而言之，似不外乎浮、沉、迟、数而已。浮为病在表，沉为病在里，数则为
病热，迟则为病寒。而又参之以有力无力，定其虚实，则可以尽脉之变矣。然有一脉而兼见数证，有一
证而相兼数脉，又有阳证似阴，阴证似阳，与夫至虚有盛候，大实有羸状，其毫厘疑似之间，淆之甚微；
在发汗吐下之际，所系甚大。苟偏执四见，则隘焉勿详。必须二十八字字字穷研，则心贯万象，始而由
粗及精，终乃从博反约，称曰善诊，其无愧乎！
【脉象特征】
数脉属于阳脉，其象表现为过于急促；一呼一吸之间脉搏跳动六次，气血运行超越了正常的限度。
所谓“数”的含义，是指脉搏躁动急切，不能保持中和平稳的状态。正常状态下，人每呼气时脉搏跳动两次，气行三寸；每吸气时脉搏跳动两次，气行三寸；一呼一吸称为一息，气共行六寸。一昼夜之间，人体呼吸一万三千五百次，经脉之气在体内循环五十周，脉行八百一十丈，这是经脉气血周流不息的常规度量标准。如果一息脉搏跳动六次，难道不是超越了常度吗！因为气血运行速度加快，所以称其为属阳。
【主病】
数脉主要对应腑病，其病症性质为热证。左寸部出现数脉，症状为头痛、上部发热、舌生疮疡、心烦口渴。数脉出现在左关部，症状为流泪、耳鸣、左侧颧骨发红。左尺部出现数脉，症状为消渴症不止、小便黄赤。右寸部出现数脉，症状为咳嗽、吐血、咽喉腥臭疼痛。数脉出现在右关部，症状为脾热口臭、胃气上逆呕吐。右尺部出现数脉，症状为大便秘结涩滞、遗精浊尿或淋沥癃闭。
火性急速，因此阳气亢盛的证候，脉来必然快速。六腑属阳，数脉也属阳，所以数脉主腑病。《难经·九难》说：“数脉对应腑。”又说：“数脉主热证。”《伤寒论》也说：“数脉表示病在腑。”这是以迟脉和数脉来区分阴阳，从而配属脏腑，也不过是说个大概罢了。至于脉象错综复杂、相互兼见，在腑病中也有迟脉，在脏病中也有数脉，在表证中有迟脉，在里证中有数脉，又怎么能仅仅用“脏腑”二字来拘泥限定呢？
火热亢盛于上焦，清阳之气受到扰乱而导致头痛；舌是心的苗窍，热邪会导致舌生疮疡并引起心烦口渴。肝开窍于目，热邪严重时会迫使眼泪流出；耳鸣是因为火邪逞其炎上肆虐之性；左侧颧骨是肝脏对应的部位，热邪使得红色显现于此。肾为先天之本，阴水当令，若受热邪则阴不胜阳，津液（华池之水）不能直达舌底，所以口渴且喜欢饮水，尿液如膏油般浑浊，大便色赤更是轻微的表现。肺属金而为娇脏，火是金的仇敌，火来乘袭肺金，是导致咳嗽的原因；若肺火独盛，则咽喉时常感觉血腥味，吞咽唾液时疼痛，这是失血的前兆。脾胃本性虽喜燥，但若热邪太过则有燥烈之虞；胃为水谷之海，热邪严重而酿成秽浊之气，食物进入则呕吐，这是因为有火邪存在。肾主管五液，饥饿、饱食、劳累役使以及食用辛辣浓味食物，会使火邪潜伏于血中，导致津液减少而大便秘结。
【兼脉】
数脉有力者为实火，无力者为虚火。浮数脉主表热，沉数脉主里热。
数脉而有力，是由热邪积聚所致；数脉而无力，是热证中兼有虚损。浮脉主表证，沉脉主里证，兼见数脉则可知为热证。
按：数脉与迟脉是一阴一阳的关系，是各种脉象的纲领。伪诀设立七表八里却唯独遗漏了数脉，只在心脏歌诀中提及，其过失非浅。数脉兼弦急则为紧脉，数脉兼流利则为滑脉，数脉兼有间歇则为促脉，数脉至极则为疾脉，数脉形如豆粒滚动则为动脉。不深入思考就不能辨别清楚。王叔和说：“一呼脉搏跳动两次为平脉，三次为离经脉，四次为夺精脉，五次为死脉，六次为命尽脉。”由此可知脉象越数，所受的病证越热。数脉见于肺部，是金家的贼脉；秋季遇到数脉，是克制时令的凶险征兆。
脉学的道理，广而言之，脉象多种多样；简要而言，似乎不外乎浮、沉、迟、数四种而已。浮脉表示病在表，沉脉表示病在里，数脉表示病热，迟脉表示病寒。再参合脉象的有力无力，以确定虚实，就可以穷尽脉象的变化了。然而有一种脉象兼见多种证候，有一种证候兼见多种脉象，又有阳证似阴、阴证似阳，以及至虚有盛候、大实有羸状的情况，这些毫厘之间的疑似之处，混淆起来非常细微；在发汗、催吐、泻下等治疗之际，关系重大。如果偏执于浮沉迟数这四种表象，就会狭隘而不详尽。必须对二十八字（指浮沉迟数虚实冷热等脉学基本要素）字字深入研究，才能心贯万象，开始由粗疏到精细，最终从博杂回归简约，称之为善于诊察，才无愧于这一称号！
[Characteristics of Pulse Image]
The Shu (Rapid) pulse belongs to Yang; its image manifests as excessive haste. It beats six times per respiration, exceeding the normal limit of Qi and blood circulation.
The meaning of "Shu" refers to a restless and urgent quality that fails to maintain harmony and balance. Under normal conditions, during one exhalation, the pulse beats twice, and Qi moves three cun; during one inhalation, the pulse beats twice, and Qi moves three cun. One full respiration (exhalation and inhalation) constitutes one "Xi," during which Qi moves six cun. In a day and night, there are 13,500 respirations, allowing the Qi of the meridians to circulate fifty times through the body, covering a distance of 810 zhang. This is the standard measure for the continuous flow of Qi and blood in the meridians. If the pulse beats six times per Xi, does it not exceed this normal limit? Because the speed of Qi and blood circulation accelerates, it is classified as belonging to Yang.
[Main Diseases]
The Shu pulse primarily indicates Fu-organ diseases, with the pathological nature being Heat.
If the Shu pulse appears at the Left Cun position, symptoms include headache, upper body heat, tongue ulcers, mental restlessness, and thirst.
If the Shu pulse appears at the Left Guan position, symptoms include tearing, tinnitus, and redness on the left cheekbone.
If the Shu pulse is found at the Left Chi position, symptoms include unceasing Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst syndrome), and yellow-red urine.
If the Shu pulse appears at the Right Cun position, symptoms include cough, hemoptysis (coughing up blood), foul-smelling throat, and sore throat.
If the Shu pulse appears at the Right Guan position, symptoms include spleen-heat with bad breath, and stomach Qi rebellion causing vomiting.
If the Shu pulse is found at the Right Chi position, symptoms include constipation with dryness and difficulty, seminal emission with turbid urine, or strangury with retention.
Fire has a rapid nature; therefore, in syndromes of Yang excess, the pulse must be rapid. The Six Fu organs belong to Yang, and the Shu pulse also belongs to Yang; hence, the Shu pulse governs Fu-organ diseases. *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues), Chapter 9, states: "Shu corresponds to the Fu organs." It further states: "Shu indicates Heat." *Shang Han Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage) also says: "Shu indicates disease in the Fu organs." This classification uses Chi (Slow) and Shu (Rapid) to distinguish Yin and Yang, thereby associating them with Zang and Fu organs, which is merely a generalization. However, pulses can be complex and intermixed; there may be Chi pulses in Fu diseases and Shu pulses in Zang diseases, Chi pulses in exterior syndromes, and Shu pulses in interior syndromes. How can one rigidly confine these concepts solely to "Zang and Fu"?
When Fire is hyperactive in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), the Clear Yang is disturbed, leading to headaches. The tongue is the sprout of the Heart; Heat causes ulcers and results in mental restlessness and thirst. The Liver opens into the eyes; severe Heat forces tears outward. Tinnitus occurs because Fire flaunts its inflammatory, ascending tyranny. The left cheekbone corresponds to the Liver; Heat manifests as redness in this area. The Kidney is the root of Tian Yi (Heavenly One) and governs Yin Water. When affected by Heat, Yin cannot overcome Yang. The fluids (Huachi water) fail to reach the base of the tongue, causing thirst and a desire to drink. Urine becomes like oil paste, and reddish stool is a minor manifestation. The Lung belongs to Metal and is a delicate organ; Fire is the enemy of Metal. When Fire attacks Metal, it becomes the medium for cough. If Lung Fire burns alone, the throat feels bloody, and swallowing saliva causes pain, indicating an impending hemorrhage. Although the Spleen and Stomach prefer dryness, excessive Heat poses a risk of aridity. The Stomach is the sea of water and grain; severe Heat brews foul qi, causing food to be vomited upon entry, indicating the presence of Fire. The Kidneys govern the Five Fluids. Hunger, satiety, labor, and consumption of spicy and rich flavors cause Fire pathogens to lurk in the blood, reducing body fluids and leading to constipation.
[Combined Pulses]
A Shu pulse with force indicates Excess Fire; without force, it indicates Deficiency Fire. A Floating-Shu pulse indicates Exterior Heat; a Deep-Shu pulse indicates Interior Heat.
A Shu pulse with force is caused by accumulated Heat; a Shu pulse without force indicates Heat combined with Deficiency. The Floating pulse governs exterior syndromes, and the Deep pulse governs interior syndromes; when combined with Shu, Heat is evident.
Note: The Shu pulse and the Chi (Slow) pulse represent one Yin and one Yang, serving as the guideline for all pulses. The false regulations established Seven Superficial and Eight Interior pulses but omitted the Shu pulse, mentioning it only in the Heart chapter; this omission is significant. A Shu pulse combined with wiry and urgent qualities becomes the Jin (Tight) pulse; combined with smooth and slippery qualities, it becomes the Hua (Slippery) pulse; combined with pauses, it becomes the Cu (Surging/Intermittent) pulse; when extremely rapid, it becomes the Ji (Rapid/Fatal) pulse; and when resembling a bean rolling, it becomes the Dong (Moving) pulse. These distinctions require deep contemplation to discern. Wang Shuhe stated: "Two beats per exhalation is a Normal pulse; three beats is Li Jing (Departing from the Channel); four beats is Duo Jing (Depleting Essence); five beats is Si (Death); six beats is Ming Jin (End of Life)." Thus, the more rapid the pulse form, the hotter the pathology. If seen in the Lung, it is a "Thief Pulse" for Metal; if encountered in Autumn, it is an ominous sign counteracting the seasonal command.
The Dao of pulse diagnosis, broadly speaking, presents diverse images; simply put, they do not extend beyond Floating, Deep, Slow, and Rapid. Floating indicates disease in the Exterior; Deep indicates disease in the Interior; Rapid indicates Heat disease; Slow indicates Cold disease. By combining these with assessments of Force and No Force to determine Excess and Deficiency, one can exhaust the variations of pulses. However, one pulse type may correspond to multiple syndromes, and one syndrome may present with multiple pulse types. There are also cases where Yang syndromes resemble Yin, Yin syndromes resemble Yang, extreme Deficiency presents with Excess signs, and extreme Excess presents with Withered signs. The ambiguity between these subtle differences is minute yet critical, especially during treatments such as sweating, vomiting, or purging. If one adheres rigidly to the Four Images (Floating, Deep, Slow, Rapid), the diagnosis becomes narrow and incomplete. One must meticulously study every character of the fundamental twenty-eight characters (referring to basic pulse descriptors), allowing the mind to encompass all phenomena. Starting from the coarse to the refined, and finally returning from the extensive to the concise, one may be called a skilled diagnostician, worthy of the title.