齐褚澄曰∶男子阳顺,自下生上,故右尺为受命之根,万物从土而出,故右关为脾,生右寸肺,肺生
左尺肾,肾生左关肝,肝生左寸心;女子阴逆,自上生下,故左寸为受命之根,万物从土而出,故左关为脾,
生左尺肺,肺生右寸肾,肾生右关肝,肝生右尺心。(详褚氏遗书)
华谷储泳曰∶脉诀以女人尺脉盛弱,与男子相反为背看,夫男女形休绝异,阴阳殊涂,男生而复,女
生而仰;男则左旋,女则右转;男主施,女主受;男之至命在肾,处脏腑之极下,女之至命在乳,外脏腑
之极上;形气既异,脉行于形气之间,岂略不少异耶?此褚氏之说,为有理也。(详祛疑说)
戴起宗曰∶脉诀因男子左肾右命,女子左命右肾之别,遂言反此背看,而诸家以尺脉盛弱解之,褚氏
又以女人心、肺诊于尺。倒装五脏,其谬又甚。不知男女形气精血虽异,而十二经脉所行始终,五脏之定
位则一也,安可以女人脉位为反耶?
丹溪朱震亨曰∶昔轩辕使伶伦截 谷之竹,作黄钟律管,以候天地之节气;使岐伯取气口,作脉法,
以候人之动气。故黄钟之数九分,气口之数亦九分,
律管具,而寸之数始形。故脉之动也,阳得九分,阴得一寸,吻合于黄钟。天不足西北,阳南而阴北,故
男子寸盛而尺弱,肖乎天也;地不满东南,阳北而阴南,故女子尺盛而寸弱,肖乎地也。黄钟者,气之先
兆,故能测天地之节候;气口者,脉之要会,故能知人命之死生。世之俗医,诵高阳生之妄作,欲以治病,
其不杀人也几希!龙丘叶氏曰∶脉者天地之元性,故男女尺寸盛弱,肖乎天地,越人以为男生于寅、女生
于申,三阳从天生、三阴从地长,谬之甚也。独丹溪推本律法,混合天人而辟之,使千载之误,一旦昭然,
岂不韪哉!
齐褚澄说:男子属阳,气机顺行,从下向上生发,所以右尺脉是受命的根本;万物从土中生出,所以右关脉对应脾,脾生肺(对应右寸),肺生肾(对应左尺),肾生肝(对应左关),肝生心(对应左寸);女子属阴,气机逆行,从上向下生发,所以左寸脉是受命的根本;万物从土中生出,所以左关脉对应脾,脾生肺(对应左尺),肺生肾(对应右寸),肾生肝(对应右关),肝生心(对应右尺)。(详见《褚氏遗书》)
华谷储泳说:《脉诀》认为女子的尺脉盛衰情况与男子相反,应当反向看待。男女形体截然不同,阴阳路径不同,男生而仰,女生而覆;男向左旋,女向右转;男主施予,女主接受;男子的生命根本在肾,位于脏腑的最下方;女子的生命根本在乳房,位于脏腑的最上方。既然形体和气机已经不同,脉象运行于形体和气机之间,难道会有丝毫不差异吗?这种褚氏的说法,是有道理的。(详见《祛疑说》)
戴起宗说:《脉诀》因为男子左肾右命门、女子左命门右肾的区别,就说应该反过来看,而各家以尺脉的盛衰来解释,褚氏又把女人的心和肺诊察放在尺部。颠倒五脏的位置,其谬误更加严重。不知道男女的形体、气机、精血虽然不同,但十二经脉的运行始终,以及五脏的固定位置是一致的,怎么可以说女子的脉位是反的呢?
丹溪朱震亨说:从前轩辕黄帝派伶伦截取山谷中的竹子,制作黄钟律管,用来观测天地的节气;派岐伯取手腕的气口,制定脉法,用来观测人的动气。所以黄钟律管的长度是九分,气口的长度也是九分,律管制成后,寸部的形态才显现出来。所以脉的跳动,阳气得九分,阴气得一寸,与黄钟律数相吻合。天不足西北方,阳气在南而阴气在北,所以男子寸脉盛而尺脉弱,这象征着天;地不满东南方,阳气在北而阴气在南,所以女子尺脉盛而寸脉弱,这象征着地。黄钟是气的先兆,所以能测度天地的节候;气口是脉的要会,所以能知晓人生命的死生。世间的庸俗医生,诵读高阳生荒谬的作品,想要用它来治病,不杀人的情况太少了!龙丘叶氏说:脉是天地的本性,所以男女寸尺脉的盛衰,象征着天地。越人(扁鹊)认为男生于寅、女生于申,三阳经从天而生、三阴经从地而长,这是非常错误的。只有丹溪追溯本源依据律法,融合天人道理来驳斥它,使千年的错误,一旦变得清晰明白,难道不是正确的吗!
Qi Chu Cheng said: Men belong to Yang, and their Qi moves in a順 (smooth/forward) manner, generating from below upwards. Therefore, the Right Chi pulse is the root of receiving life; since all things emerge from Earth, the Right Guan pulse corresponds to the Spleen, which generates the Lung (corresponding to the Right Cun), the Lung generates the Kidney (corresponding to the Left Chi), the Kidney generates the Liver (corresponding to the Left Guan), and the Liver generates the Heart (corresponding to the Left Cun). Women belong to Yin, and their Qi moves in a 逆 (reverse/backward) manner, generating from above downwards. Therefore, the Left Cun pulse is the root of receiving life; since all things emerge from Earth, the Left Guan pulse corresponds to the Spleen, which generates the Lung (corresponding to the Left Chi), the Lung generates the Kidney (corresponding to the Right Cun), the Kidney generates the Liver (corresponding to the Right Guan), and the Liver generates the Heart (corresponding to the Right Chi). (See *Chu Shi Yi Shu* for details.)
Hua Gu Chu Yong said: The *Mai Jue* (Pulse Secrets) states that the fullness and weakness of the Chi pulse in women are opposite to those in men, and thus should be viewed inversely. Men and women have completely different physical forms and follow different paths of Yin and Yang. Men are born upright and rotate to the left; women are born inverted and rotate to the right. Men govern giving/output, while women govern receiving/input. In men, the root of life lies in the Kidneys, located at the lowest part of the Zang-Fu organs. In women, the root of life lies in the breasts, located at the highest part outside the Zang-Fu organs. Since their physical forms and Qi differ, how could the pulses moving within these forms and Qi remain without any difference? This theory by Mr. Chu is reasonable. (See *Qu Yi Shuo* for details.)
Dai Qizong said: The *Mai Jue*, due to the distinction between men having the Left Kidney and Right Mingmen (Gate of Vitality) and women having the Left Mingmen and Right Kidney, claims that one should view the pulses inversely. Various schools interpret this through the fullness and weakness of the Chi pulse. Mr. Chu further places the diagnosis of the Heart and Lungs for women at the Chi position. This inversion of the Five Zang organs' positions is even more erroneous. One does not realize that although men and women differ in physical form, Qi, essence, and blood, the starting and ending points of the Twelve Meridians and the fixed positions of the Five Zang organs remain the same. How can one claim that the pulse positions for women are reversed?
Danxi Zhu Zhenheng said: In ancient times, Xuanyuan Huangdi dispatched Linglun to cut bamboo from a valley to make the Huangzhong (Yellow Bell) pitch pipe, to observe the solar terms of Heaven and Earth; and dispatched Qibo to take the Qi Kou (Radial Artery at the wrist) to establish pulse methods, to observe the dynamic Qi of humans. Thus, the Huangzhong pipe measures nine fen, and the Qi Kou also measures nine fen. Once the pitch pipe was established, the Cun measurement took shape. Therefore, in pulse movement, Yang obtains nine fen, and Yin obtains one cun, matching the Huangzhong standard. Heaven is deficient in the northwest, with Yang in the South and Yin in the North; thus, men have a strong Cun pulse and weak Chi pulse, resembling Heaven. Earth is incomplete in the southeast, with Yang in the North and Yin in the South; thus, women have a strong Chi pulse and weak Cun pulse, resembling Earth. Huangzhong is the precursor of Qi, so it can measure the seasons of Heaven and Earth. The Qi Kou is the convergence point of pulses, so it can know the life and death of humans. Vulgar doctors of the world recite the absurd works of Gao Yangsheng and wish to use them to treat diseases; it is rare that they do not kill people! Ye from Longqiu said: Pulse is the original nature of Heaven and Earth. Therefore, the fullness and weakness of Cun and Chi in men and women resemble Heaven and Earth. Yue Ren (Bian Que) believed that men are born in Yin and women in Shen, with the Three Yang meridians born from Heaven and the Three Yin meridians growing from Earth. This is extremely erroneous. Only Danxi traced back to the origin based on musical law, integrating Heaven and Humanity to refute this error, making a thousand-year mistake clear overnight. Is this not correct?