茯苓 升麻(以上各二分) 泽泻 苍术 防风(以上各三分) 生姜(五分)
此药能走经,除湿热而不守,故不泻本脏,补肺与脾胃本中气之虚弱。
青皮(一分) 橘皮 生甘草 白芍药
此药皆能守本而不走经。不走经者,不滋经络中邪;守者,能补脏之元气。
黄柏(一分) 麦门冬 人参(以上各二分) 五味子(三分)
此药去时令浮热湿蒸
上件如麻豆大。都作一服,水二盏,煎至一盏,去渣,稍热,空心服。
火炽之极,金伏之际,而寒水绝体,于此时也。故急救之以生脉散,除其湿热,以恶其
太甚。肺欲收,心苦缓,皆酸以收之。心火盛则甘以泻之,故人参之甘,佐以五味子之酸。
孙思邈云∶夏月常服五味子,以补五脏气是也。麦门冬之微苦寒,能滋水之源于金之位,而
清肃肺气,又能除火刑金之嗽,而敛其痰邪。复微加黄柏之苦寒,以为守位,滋水之流,以
镇坠其浮气,而除两足之痿弱也。
范天 之内,素有脾胃之证,时显烦躁,胸中不利,大便不通。初冬出外而晚归,
为寒气怫郁,闷乱大作,火不得升故也。医疑有热,治以疏风丸,大便行而病不减。又疑药
力小,复加七八十丸,下两行,前证仍不减,复添吐逆,食不能停,痰唾稠粘,涌出不止
,眼黑头旋,恶心烦闷,气短促上喘无力,不欲言。心神颠倒,兀兀不止,目不敢开,如在
风云中。头苦痛如裂,身重如山,四肢厥冷,不得安卧。余谓前证乃胃气已损,复下两次,
则重虚其胃,而痰厥头痛作矣。制半夏白术天麻汤主之而愈。
茯苓、升麻(以上各二分)、泽泻、苍术、防风(以上各三分)、生姜(五分)。
这些药物能够通行经络,祛除湿热而不滞留体内,因此不直接泻除本脏之邪,而是补益肺与脾胃中气的虚弱。
青皮(一分)、橘皮、生甘草、白芍药。
这些药物皆能固守本脏而不通行经络。不通行经络,就不会滋长经络中的邪气;能固守本脏,就能补益脏腑的元气。
黄柏(一分)、麦门冬、人参(以上各二分)、五味子(三分)。
这些药物用于去除时令性的浮热和湿蒸之气。
将上述药材捣碎至如麻豆大小。全部作为一剂服用,加水两盏,煎煮至一盏,去渣滓,稍加热后,空腹服用。
当火势炽盛至极,金气潜伏之际,寒水之气断绝于形体之时,正是此时。所以紧急使用生脉散(Shengmai San, Pulse-Generating Powder)来急救,以清除湿热,厌恶其过于严重。肺喜收敛,心苦于弛缓,都用酸味药来收敛它。心火旺盛则用甘味药来泻之,所以用人参的甘味,佐以五味子的酸味。
孙思邈说:夏季常服五味子,以补益五脏之气,说的就是这个道理。麦门冬微苦寒,能在金的部位滋补水之源,从而清肃肺气,又能消除火克金引起的咳嗽,并收敛痰邪。再微微加入黄柏的苦寒之性,作为固守之位,滋补水之流,以镇坠上浮之气,从而消除双足的痿弱无力。
范天之内,素来有脾胃方面的病症,时常显现烦躁,胸中不畅快,大便不通畅。初冬时外出而晚归,因寒气郁结,导致闷乱大作,火气不能上升的缘故。医生怀疑有热邪,用疏风丸(Shufeng Wan, Wind-Dispersing Pill)治疗,大便通畅但病不减。又怀疑药力太小,又加了七八十丸,导致腹泻两次,前面的症状仍然没有减轻,反而增添了呕吐逆气,食物无法停留,痰唾稠粘,涌出不止,眼前发黑头晕,恶心烦闷,气短促且上气喘吁吁无力,不想说话。心神颠倒,昏沉不止,眼睛不敢睁开,如同处在风云之中。头部痛苦如撕裂一般,身体沉重如山,四肢冰冷,无法安卧。我认为前面的症状乃是胃气已经受损,又经过两次攻下,使得胃气更加虚弱,从而导致痰厥头痛发作。制作半夏白术天麻汤(Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang, Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala and Gastrodia Decoction)主治而痊愈。
Poria (Fuling), Rhizoma Cimicifugae (Shengma) (2 fen each above); Rhizoma Alismatis (Zexie), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Cangzhu), Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng) (3 fen each above); Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Shengjiang) (5 fen).
These herbs can traverse the meridians, dispel damp-heat without stagnating, thus they do not purge the respective zang organ, but tonify the deficiency of original qi in the Lung and Spleen-Stomach.
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride (Qingpi) (1 fen); Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi), Raw Radix Glycyrrhizae (Sheng Gancao), Radix Paeoniae Alba (Baishao).
These herbs all remain within their respective organs without traversing the meridians. Those that do not traverse the meridians do not nourish pathogens in the collaterals; those that remain can tonify the primordial qi of the zang organs.
Radix Phlomis (Huangbo) (1 fen); Bulbus Ophiopogonis (Maimendong), Radix Ginseng (Renshen) (2 fen each above); Fructus Schisandrae (Wuweizi) (3 fen).
These herbs eliminate the floating heat and humid steaming of the season.
Crush the aforementioned ingredients to the size of hemp or beans. Combine as one dose, add two cups of water, decoct until one cup remains, remove the dregs, warm slightly, and take on an empty stomach.
When fire blazes to the extreme, and metal is subdued, while cold water is severed from the body, this is the time. Therefore, emergency rescue is conducted with Shengmai San (Pulse-Generating Powder) to remove damp-heat, detesting its excessiveness. The Lung desires astringency, the Heart suffers from flaccidity; both are treated with sour substances to astringe them. When Heart Fire is abundant, sweet substances are used to drain it; thus, the sweetness of Radix Ginseng (Renshen) is assisted by the sourness of Fructus Schisandrae (Wuweizi).
Sun Simiao said: "Taking Wuweizi regularly in summer tonifies the qi of the five zang organs." This refers to the fact. Bulbus Ophiopogonis (Maimendong) is slightly bitter and cold; it can nourish the source of water at the position of metal, thereby clearing and purifying Lung Qi, and also eliminating cough caused by fire punishing metal, while astringing phlegm pathogens. Additionally, a slight addition of the bitter-cold nature of Radix Phlomis (Huangbo) serves to guard the position, nourish the flow of water, to anchor sinking floating qi, and eliminate weakness in both legs.
Fan Tiannei had long suffered from Spleen-Stomach disorders, frequently manifesting irritability, discomfort in the chest, and constipation. In early winter, he went out and returned late, causing cold qi to be constrained and depressed, leading to severe stifling and confusion, because fire could not ascend. The physician suspected heat and treated him with Shufeng Wan (Wind-Dispersing Pill); although bowel movements occurred, the illness did not subside. Suspecting the medicinal force was too weak, another seventy to eighty pills were added, resulting in two episodes of diarrhea, yet the previous symptoms remained unchanged. Vomiting and regurgitation were added, food could not stay down, phlegm and saliva became thick and sticky, gushing out incessantly, vision darkened, vertigo occurred, nausea and stifling distress arose, shortness of breath with panting and lack of strength, unwillingness to speak. The mind and spirit were disordered, dizzy and unceasing, eyes dared not open, feeling as if amidst wind and clouds. Head pain was severe as if splitting, body heavy as if carrying mountains, limbs were cold, unable to lie down peacefully. I stated that these previous symptoms indicated damaged Stomach Qi; after two purgations, the Stomach was doubly deficient, leading to the onset of phlegm-jue headache. Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala and Gastrodia Decoction) was prepared and administered, resulting in recovery.