主治心中懊 也。旁治心中结痛及心中满而烦也。
考 证
枳实栀子豉汤，证不具也。（说在互考中）
栀子大黄豉汤证曰∶心中懊 。
以上二方，香豉皆一升。
栀子豉汤证曰∶心中懊 。又曰∶胸中窒。又曰∶心中结痛。
栀子甘草豉汤，证不具也。（说在互考中）
栀子生姜豉汤，证不具也。（说在互考中）
以上三方，香豉皆四合。
瓜蒂散证曰∶心中满而烦。
以上一方，香豉一合。
上历观此诸方，其主治心中懊 也明矣。
互 考
枳实栀子豉汤条，无心中懊 证。为则按∶栀子大黄豉汤，此枳实栀子豉汤而加大黄者，
而其条有心中懊 之证；心中懊 ，固非大黄所主治也。然则枳实栀子豉汤条，其脱心中懊
之证也明矣。栀子甘草豉汤、栀子生姜豉汤，是栀子豉汤加味之方也。故每章之首。冠以
若字焉。心中懊 而少气者，栀子甘草豉汤。心中懊 而呕者，栀子生姜豉汤，斯可以知已。
辨 误
栀子豉汤方后，皆有一服得吐止后服七字，世医遂误以为吐剂，不稽之甚。为则试之，
特治心中懊 耳，未尝必吐也。且心中懊 而呕者，本方加用生姜其非为吐剂也，亦可以见
矣。《伤寒论集注》曰∶旧本有一服得吐止后服七字，此因瓜蒂散中有香豉，而误传于此也。
今
品 考
香豉 李时珍曰∶造淡豉法，用黑大豆二三斗，六月中淘净，水浸一宿，沥干，蒸熟，
取出摊席上，候微温，蒿覆；每三日一看，候黄衣上遍，不可大过，取晒簸净，以水拌之，
干湿得所，以汁出指间为准。安罐中，筑实，桑叶盖浓三寸，密封泥，于日中晒七日，取出，
曝
主治心中烦闷不适（懊憹）。兼治心中结滞疼痛以及心中胀满而烦躁。
考证
枳实栀子豉汤，其证候并不完全具备。（详见互考部分）
栀子大黄豉汤的证候描述为：心中烦闷不适（懊憹）。
以上两个方剂中，香豉均使用一升。
栀子豉汤的证候描述为：心中烦闷不适（懊憹）。又说：胸中窒塞感。又说：心中结滞疼痛。
栀子甘草豉汤，其证候并不完全具备。（详见互考部分）
栀子生姜豉汤，其证候并不完全具备。（详见互考部分）
以上三个方剂中，香豉均使用四合。
瓜蒂散的证候描述为：心中胀满而烦躁。
以上一个方剂中，香豉使用一合。
综上所述，纵观这些方剂，香豉的主治作用在于治疗心中烦闷不适（懊憹），这是很明确的。
互考
枳实栀子豉汤条文，没有心中烦闷不适（懊憹）的证候。我（为则）认为：栀子大黄豉汤，就是在枳实栀子豉汤基础上加大黄而成的，而其条文中有心中烦闷不适（懊憹）的证候；心中烦闷不适（懊憹），本来就不是大黄所主治的。那么，枳实栀子豉汤条文中，缺失了心中烦闷不适（懊憹）的证候是显而易见的。栀子甘草豉汤、栀子生姜豉汤，都是在栀子豉汤基础上加味而成的方剂。所以每章之首，冠以“若”字。心中烦闷不适（懊憹）且气短者，用栀子甘草豉汤；心中烦闷不适（懊憹）且呕吐者，用栀子生姜豉汤，由此可以知晓。
辨误
栀子豉汤方后，都有“一服得吐止后服”七个字，世间的医生于是错误地将其认为是催吐剂，这太不严谨了。我（为则）尝试过，它只是治疗心中烦闷不适（懊憹）罢了，并没有必然导致呕吐的作用。况且，对于心中烦闷不适（懊憹）且呕吐者，本方加入生姜，这就足以说明它不是催吐剂了。《伤寒论集注》说：旧版本中有“一服得吐止后服”七个字，这是因为瓜蒂散中含有香豉，而错误地传抄到了这里。
品考
香豉 李时珍说：制作淡豉的方法，用黑大豆二三斗，在六月淘洗干净，用水浸泡一夜，沥干水分，蒸熟，取出摊在席子上，等微温时，用蒿草覆盖；每三天检查一次，等到黄色菌丝长遍，不可过多，取出来晒干净并簸去杂质，用水拌和，干湿适度，以汁液从指间流出为标准。装入罐中，夯实，上面盖厚三寸的桑叶，用泥密封，在阳光下晒七天，取出，曝晒……
Mainly treats Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort). As an adjunctive treatment for Xin Zhong Jie Tong (painful stagnation in the heart region) and Xin Zhong Man Er Fan (fullness and irritability in the heart region).
Textual Research
In Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Fermented Soybean Decoction), the symptoms are not fully present. (See Mutual Examination below.)
The syndrome of Zhi Zi Da Huang Chi Tang (Gardenia, Rhubarb, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) states: Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort).
In the above two formulas, Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean) is used in the amount of one sheng.
The syndrome of Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) states: Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort). It also states: Xiong Zhong Zhi (chest obstruction/stifling sensation). It also states: Xin Zhong Jie Tong (painful stagnation in the heart region).
In Zhi Zi Gan Cao Chi Tang (Gardenia, Licorice, and Fermented Soybean Decoction), the symptoms are not fully present. (See Mutual Examination below.)
In Zhi Zi Sheng Jiang Chi Tang (Gardenia, Ginger, and Fermented Soybean Decoction), the symptoms are not fully present. (See Mutual Examination below.)
In the above three formulas, Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean) is used in the amount of four he.
The syndrome of Gua Di San (Melon Seed Powder) states: Xin Zhong Man Er Fan (fullness and irritability in the heart region).
In the above single formula, Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean) is used in the amount of one he.
Having observed these various formulas, it is clear that the main indication of Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean) is to treat Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort).
Mutual Examination
The article on Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) lacks the symptom of Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort). I (Weize) reason as follows: Zhi Zi Da Huang Chi Tang (Gardenia, Rhubarb, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is derived from Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) by adding Da Huang (Rhubarb). Its article contains the symptom of Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort); however, Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort) is certainly not primarily treated by Da Huang (Rhubarb). Therefore, it is evident that the article on Zhi Shi Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Bitter Orange, Gardenia, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) has omitted the symptom of Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort). Zhi Zi Gan Cao Chi Tang (Gardenia, Licorice, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) and Zhi Zi Sheng Jiang Chi Tang (Gardenia, Ginger, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) are modified versions of Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction). Hence, at the beginning of each chapter, the character "Ruo" (If) is prefixed. If there is Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort) accompanied by shortness of breath, Zhi Zi Gan Cao Chi Tang (Gardenia, Licorice, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is used. If there is Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort) accompanied by vomiting, Zhi Zi Sheng Jiang Chi Tang (Gardenia, Ginger, and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is used. This can be understood from this.
Correction of Errors
After the prescription of Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction), there are seven characters stating "Yi Fu De Tu Zhi Hou Fu" (If vomiting occurs after one dose, stop taking the remaining medicine). Physicians of later generations mistakenly considered it an emetic agent, which is a serious lack of verification. I (Weize) have tested it; it merely treats Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort) and does not necessarily induce vomiting. Moreover, for cases of Xin Zhong Ao Nao (mental restlessness and discomfort) with vomiting, fresh ginger (Sheng Jiang) is added to the original formula, which further demonstrates that it is not an emetic agent. *Zhang Zhongjing's Collected Annotations on Cold Damage* states: The old editions contained the seven characters "Yi Fu De Tu Zhi Hou Fu" (If vomiting occurs after one dose, stop taking the remaining medicine). This error arose because Gua Di San (Melon Seed Powder) contains Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean), leading to its mistaken transcription into this context.
Product Examination
Xiang Chi (Fragrant Fermented Soybean): Li Shizhen stated: The method for making Dan Chi (Light Fermented Soybean) is as follows: Use two or three dou of black soybeans (*Sojae Semen Nigrum*). In mid-June, wash them thoroughly, soak them in water overnight, drain the water, and steam until cooked. Take them out and spread them on mats. When they are slightly warm, cover them with mugwort (*Artemisia argyi*) stalks. Check every three days. When yellow mycelium covers the beans completely but not excessively, take them out, sun-dry, and winnow clean. Mix with water appropriately, aiming for moisture such that juice exudes between fingers. Place in jars, pack tightly, cover with a thick layer of mulberry leaves (*Mori Folium*) three cun deep, seal tightly with mud, and sun-dry for seven days. Then take out and expose to sun...