治心下痞也，旁治胸胁满、呕吐、下利也。
考 证
黄芩汤证曰∶自下利。
六物黄芩汤，证不具也。（说在互考中）
干姜黄连黄芩人参汤证曰∶吐下。
小柴胡汤证曰∶胸胁苦满。
大柴胡汤证曰∶心下痞硬、呕吐而下利。
柴胡姜桂汤证曰∶胸胁满、微结、心烦。
葛根黄连黄芩汤证曰∶利遂不止。
半夏泻心汤证曰∶呕而肠鸣、心下痞。
以上八方，黄芩皆三两。
柴胡桂枝汤证曰∶微呕、心下支结。
泻心汤证曰∶心下痞。
附子泻心汤证曰∶心下痞。
以上三方，黄芩或一两，或一两半，而亦三两之例。
上历观此诸方，黄芩主治心下之病也。若呕吐者，若下利者，有心下痞之证也，则得黄
芩即治矣。其无此证者，终无效焉。无他，治心下痞也。
互 考
六经之言，则后人所搀入焉，故不取焉。以他例推之，心下痞、腹强急而下利者，此汤主之。
为则每对若证，即用此汤，其应如响，学人审诸。
六物黄芩汤，其证不具也。此方半夏泻心汤，而去黄连、甘草加桂枝者也。张仲景用人
参、黄芩也，于心下痞而硬者也。然则心下痞硬干呕下利者，此汤主之。其无此证，则终无
效也。学人审诸。
辨 误
世医笃信本草。以芩、连为寒药，其畏之也如虎野狼焉，不思之甚矣。夫本草论药之寒热
温凉，终不一定。彼以为温，则是以为热；甲以为寒，则乙以为凉。果孰是而孰非乎？盖医
者之于用药也，譬犹武夫用兵，武夫而畏兵，不可以为武夫也。医亦然，毒药各有其能，各
主一病，苟有其证者而不用之，则终不治也。所以不畏焉，此而畏之，则何以医为也？张仲
景用黄芩也，治心下痞而已，无有他能。故心下痞，而呕吐下利，则用之即治矣。世医不深
察，妄以为呕吐下利之主药，可悲也夫！
品 考
黄芩 处处出焉。出汉土者，此为上品也；出朝鲜者次之。出本邦者，下品也。锉用。
考证：
黄芩汤的证候表现为：自发性腹泻。
六物黄芩汤的证候不典型。（详见互考部分）
干姜黄连黄芩人参汤的证候表现为：呕吐和腹泻。
小柴胡汤的证候表现为：胸胁部苦闷胀满。
大柴胡汤的证候表现为：心下痞硬、呕吐且伴有腹泻。
柴胡姜桂汤的证候表现为：胸胁胀满、轻微结滞、心烦。
葛根黄连黄芩汤的证候表现为：腹泻持续不止。
半夏泻心汤的证候表现为：呕吐伴肠鸣、心下痞满。
以上八个方剂中，黄芩（Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩）的用量均为三两。
柴胡桂枝汤的证候表现为：轻微呕吐、心下支撑感及结滞。
泻心汤的证候表现为：心下痞满。
附子泻心汤的证候表现为：心下痞满。
以上三个方剂中，黄芩的用量为一两或一两半，但也存在三两的用例。
综上所述观察这些方剂，黄芩的主治功效在于治疗心下的病证。如果有呕吐的症状，或者有腹泻的症状，并且伴有心下痞满的证候，那么使用黄芩即可治愈。如果没有这些证候，最终是无效的。没有其他原因，是因为它主治心下痞满。
互考：
关于六经（Six Channels）的论述，是后人掺入的，因此不予采纳。通过其他案例类推，对于心下痞满、腹部强急并伴有腹泻的情况，此方为主治方。只要对应上述证候，立即使用此方，疗效迅速如响应声，学者们请仔细审视。
六物黄芩汤，其证候并不具备。此方是由半夏泻心汤去掉黄连、甘草，加入桂枝（Cinnamon Twig, 桂枝）而成。张仲景（Zhang Zhongjing）在使用人参（Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 人参）、黄芩时，是针对心下痞满且坚硬的情况。既然如此，对于心下痞硬、干呕、腹泻的患者，此方为主治方。如果没有这些证候，则最终无效。学者们请仔细审视。
辨误：
世俗医生笃信本草（Materia Medica）。认为黄芩和黄连（Coptidis Rhizoma, 黄连）是寒性药物，对他们的畏惧如同面对荒野中的虎狼一样，这思考得太不周到了。本草书中讨论药物的寒热温凉属性，最终并没有定论。某人认为是温性的，就有人认为是热性的；甲认为是寒性的，乙就认为是凉性的。究竟谁对谁错呢？大概医生用药，就像武将用兵，如果武将畏惧兵器，就不能成为武将。医生也是如此，毒药各有其功能，各主一种疾病，如果有相应的证候而不用药，则最终无法治愈。所以不应该畏惧，如果对此还感到畏惧，那还要医生做什么呢？张仲景使用黄芩，仅仅是为了治疗心下痞满而已，没有其他特殊功效。因此，当心下痞满，并伴有呕吐、腹泻时，使用黄芩就能治愈。世俗医生未能深入考察，妄自将黄芩视为呕吐和腹泻的主药，真是可悲啊！
品考：
黄芩到处都有出产。出自汉土（中国内地）的为上品；出自朝鲜的次之；出自本邦（日本）的为下品。切碎后使用。
It treats epigastric fullness and obstruction (Xin Xia Pi), and also treats chest and hypochondriac fullness (Xiong Xie Man), vomiting, and diarrhea.
Evidence:
The syndrome of Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) is characterized by spontaneous diarrhea.
The syndrome of Liuwu Huangqin Tang (Six-Ingredient Scutellaria Decoction) is not fully presented. (See Mutual Examination).
The syndrome of Ganjiang Huanglian Huangqin Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Coptis, Scutellaria, and Ginseng Decoction) is characterized by vomiting and diarrhea.
The syndrome of Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is characterized by distressing fullness in the chest and hypochondrium (Xiong Xie Ku Man).
The syndrome of Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is characterized by epigastric fullness and hardness, vomiting, and diarrhea.
The syndrome of Chaihu Jianggui Tang (Bupleurum, Dried Ginger, and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is characterized by chest and hypochondriac fullness, slight binding, and irritability.
The syndrome of Gegen Huanglian Huangqin Tang (Kudzu, Coptis, and Scutellaria Decoction) is characterized by persistent diarrhea.
The syndrome of Banxia Xiexin Tang (Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction) is characterized by vomiting with borborygmus and epigastric fullness.
In the above eight formulas, the dosage of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, Scutellaria Root) is consistently three liang.
The syndrome of Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is characterized by slight vomiting and a sensation of support and binding in the epigastrium.
The syndrome of Xiexin Tang (Heart-Draining Decoction) is characterized by epigastric fullness.
The syndrome of Fuzi Xiexin Tang (Aconite Heart-Draining Decoction) is characterized by epigastric fullness.
In the above three formulas, the dosage of Huangqin is either one liang or one and a half liang, but there are also instances of three liang.
Having observed these formulas comprehensively, the primary indication for Huangqin is diseases of the epigastrium. If there is vomiting, or if there is diarrhea, accompanied by the syndrome of epigastric fullness, then administering Huangqin will cure it. If these syndromes are absent, it will ultimately be ineffective. There is no other reason; it treats epigastric fullness.
Mutual Examination:
Discourses on the Six Channels (Liu Jing) were inserted by later generations and are therefore not adopted. By analogy with other cases, for epigastric fullness, abdominal rigidity, and diarrhea, this decoction is the primary treatment. Whenever the corresponding symptoms appear, immediately use this decoction, and the response will be as immediate as an echo. Scholars should examine this carefully.
For Liuwu Huangqin Tang, its specific syndrome is not present. This formula is derived from Banxia Xiexin Tang by removing Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, Coptis Rhizome) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Licorice Root) and adding Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig). Zhang Zhongjing used Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix, Ginseng Root) and Huangqin when treating epigastric fullness accompanied by hardness. Therefore, for epigastric fullness and hardness, dry retching, and diarrhea, this decoction is the primary treatment. If these syndromes are absent, it will ultimately be ineffective. Scholars should examine this carefully.
Correction of Errors:
Secular physicians firmly believe in the Materia Medica. They consider Huangqin and Huanglian to be cold-natured herbs, fearing them as much as tigers and wolves in the wild. This is a profound lack of reflection. The Materia Medica's discussion on the cold, hot, warm, and cool nature of herbs is never definitive. What one considers warm, another considers hot; what A considers cold, B considers cool. Who is right and who is wrong? Generally, a physician using herbs is like a warrior using weapons; if a warrior fears weapons, he cannot be a warrior. So it is with physicians. Toxic drugs each have their specific functions and treat specific diseases. If one does not use them when the corresponding syndrome exists, the disease will ultimately not be cured. Therefore, one should not fear them. If one fears even this, what is the purpose of being a physician? Zhang Zhongjing used Huangqin solely to treat epigastric fullness, with no other special efficacy. Thus, when epigastric fullness is accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, using Huangqin cures it. Secular physicians fail to investigate deeply and recklessly assume that Huangqin is the principal herb for vomiting and diarrhea, which is truly pitiable!
Product Examination:
Huangqin grows everywhere. Those originating from Han territory (China proper) are of the highest grade; those from Korea are next; those from our own country (Japan) are of the lowest grade. It should be sliced before use.