性味辛寒，利小肠而降心火，逐膀胱湿热，为通淋要药。即落阳花，取蕊壳用。
性味甘寒，入膀胱而兼入肺肝，为利水清热之药。开水窍以安精窍，令人生子、强
炒研用。肾虚气陷及精窍滑泄者均忌。车前叶∶性味相近，清热功胜，兼能凉血明目。
勿可并使。
甘淡微寒，降心火而利小肠，兼清肺热。灯草∶烧灰吹喉痹，涂乳止夜啼。中寒小便
禁者勿服。
甘苦微寒，入膀胱而除浮肿，利小便而通淋闭。炒研用。叶∶作浴汤，去皮肤风热
甘寒淡滑，利窍滑胎。根、叶同功。花∶分赤白，治白带下赤者，亦治血淋。
性味苦寒，入足太阳，兼入足太阴、阳明。专利湿热，为黄胆君药。
辛苦大寒，入肺而兼入膀胱。其性急速，下气定喘，喘鸣水气喷急者，非此不能除
泻表气分湿热专药。取子炒研。苦者性劣，不可轻投。
瞿麦穗：性味辛寒，能通利小肠并清降心火，驱逐膀胱内的湿热，是治疗淋证的重要药物。它即落阳花，取用其蕊壳入药。
扁竹（萹蓄）：一名扁竹。性味苦平，能利水并通利淋证。是治疗黄疸、消除肿胀的专用药物。
车前子：性味甘寒，入膀胱经且兼入肺经和肝经，是利水清热的药物。它能开通小便之窍以安定精窍，有助于生育、强身。需炒制后研末服用。肾虚气陷及精窍滑泄者均忌用。车前叶：性味与车前子相近，清热功效更强，兼能凉血明目。不可将两者同时使用。
灯草（灯心草）：性味甘淡微寒，能降心火并利小肠，兼清肺热。灯草烧成灰吹入喉部可治喉痹，涂抹于乳房可止婴儿夜啼。中寒导致小便不禁者勿服。
木通：性味甘苦微寒，入膀胱经以消除浮肿，利小便以通利淋闭。需炒制后研末服用。木通叶：煎汤洗浴，可去除皮肤风热。
滑石：性味甘寒淡滑，能利窍并滑胎。根、叶功效相同。滑石花：分为赤白两种，治疗白带下赤色者，也用于治疗血淋。
瞿麦：性味甘寒淡渗，能清除小肠、膀胱及血分的湿热，是治疗血淋的重要药物。
茵陈：性味苦寒，入足太阳膀胱经，兼入足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经。专门清利湿热，是治疗黄疸的主药。
葶苈子：性辛苦大寒，入肺经且兼入膀胱经。其药性急速，能下气定喘，对于气喘伴有水气喷涌急促者，非此药不能祛除。它是泻除表和气分湿热的专用药。取种子炒制后研末服用。味苦的葶苈子药性较差，不可轻易投用。
石膏：性味苦咸大寒，入心、胃经以解除斑毒引起的热狂。取茎、叶入药。无实热者忌用。
青黛：性味咸寒，色青入肝经，能解五脏郁结之火。无实火者忌用。
Qu Mai Sui (Seed Head of Dianthus superbus): The nature is pungent and cold. It promotes urination in the Small Intestine and descends Heart Fire, expels Damp-Heat from the Bladder, and is a key herb for treating Lin Syndrome (dysuria). It is also known as Luo Yang Hua; the stamen shell is used.
Bian Xu (Polygonum aviculare): Also named Bian Zhu. The nature is bitter and neutral. It promotes urination and unblocks Lin Syndrome. It is a specific herb for treating Jaundice and reducing swelling.
Che Qian Zi (Seed of Plantago asiatica): The nature is sweet and cold. It enters the Bladder channel and concurrently enters the Lung and Liver channels. It is an herb for promoting urination and clearing heat. By opening the urinary orifice, it calms the essence orifice, aiding conception and strengthening the body. It should be stir-fried and ground before use. Contraindicated in cases of Kidney Deficiency with Qi sinking and seminal emission due to insecurity of the essence orifice. Che Qian Ye (Leaf of Plantago asiatica): The nature is similar, but its heat-clearing efficacy is superior, and it can also cool blood and brighten the eyes. Do not use them together.
Deng Xin Cao (Papyrus Rush Pith): The nature is sweet, bland, and slightly cold. It descends Heart Fire and promotes urination in the Small Intestine, concurrently clearing Lung Heat. Deng Xin Cao burned to ash and blown into the throat treats Hou Bi (sore throat/obstruction); applied to the breast, it stops night crying in infants. Contraindicated in cases of Cold in the Middle causing urinary incontinence.
Mu Tong (Akebia Stem): The nature is sweet, bitter, and slightly cold. It enters the Bladder channel to eliminate edema, promotes urination to unblock Lin obstruction. It should be stir-fried and ground before use. Mu Tong Ye (Leaf of Akebia): Decocted for bathing, it removes Wind-Heat from the skin.
Hua Shi (Talcum): The nature is sweet, cold, bland, and slippery. It benefits the orifices and facilitates childbirth. The root and leaf have the same efficacy. Hua Shi Hua (Flower of Talcum): Divided into red and white varieties; the red variety treats leukorrhea with blood discharge and also treats Blood Lin syndrome.
Qu Mai (Herb of Dianthus superbus): The nature is sweet, cold, bland, and permeating. It eliminates Damp-Heat from the Small Intestine, Bladder, and Blood aspect, and is a key herb for treating Blood Lin syndrome.
Yin Chen (Herb of Artemisia capillaris): The nature is bitter and cold. It enters the Foot-Taiyang Bladder channel and concurrently enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen and Foot-Yangming Stomach channels. It specializes in draining Damp-Heat and is the chief herb for treating Huang Dan (Jaundice).
Ting Li Zi (Seed of Lepidium apetalum): The nature is acrid, bitter, and greatly cold. It enters the Lung channel and concurrently enters the Bladder channel. Its nature is rapid; it directs Qi downward and calms wheezing. For wheezing accompanied by rapid spurting of fluid-Qi, only this herb can remove it. It is a specific drug for purging Damp-Heat from the Exterior and Qi aspect. Use the seed, stir-fried and ground. Those that are bitter have inferior properties and should not be administered lightly.
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum): The nature is bitter, salty, and greatly cold. It enters the Heart and Stomach channels to resolve the toxic heat and mania caused by Ban Du (erysipelas/toxic rash). Use the stem and leaf. Contraindicated in cases without Excess Heat.
Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis): The nature is salty and cold. Its green color enters the Liver channel, resolving stagnant Fire in the Five Zang organs. Contraindicated in cases without Excess Fire.
Lu Gen (Rhizoma Imperatae Cylindricae): The nature is sweet and cold. It enters the Stomach channel to descend Fire and stop vomiting. Lu Sun (Shoot of Imperata cylindrica): Can resolve toxicity from fish, crab, and pufferfish. Contraindicated in cases of vomiting, hiccupping, and regurgitation caused by Cold in the Middle.
Wei Ling Xian (Radix Saposhnikoviae): The taste is bitter with a slight pungency. Raw, it is cold; cooked, it is warm. It enters the Liver and Stomach channels, penetrates the bone to search out Wind, regulates Dampness, and removes Bi obstruction. Mix with wine, steam, and sun-dry nine times; form into honey pills. It can also be taken in larger doses to dry Blood.