麦冬（二两） 半夏（六钱） 人参（四钱） 甘草（四钱） 粳米（一盏） 大枣（十二枚）
参米甘枣四味。大建中气。大生津液。胃津上输于肺。肺清而火自平。肺调而气自顺。然未逆未上之火
气。此固足以安之。而已逆已上之火气。又不可任其迟留也。故君麦冬以清火。佐半夏以利气。火气降。
则津液生。津液生而火气自降。又并行而不悖也。用治燥痰咳嗽。最为对症。以其润利肺胃。故亦治隔
食。又有冲气上逆。挟痰血而干肺者。皆能治之。盖冲脉起于胞中。下通肝肾。实则丽于阳明。以输阳明
之血。下入胞中。阳明之气顺。则冲气亦顺。胞中之血与水。皆返其宅。而不上逆矣。此方与小柴胡合看
更明。小柴胡是从胃中引冲气上行。使火不下郁之法。此方是从胃中降冲气下行。使火不上干之法。
或去粳米加蜜。更滋润。
四磨汤
人参 乌药 槟榔 沉香（各等分）
上药磨水煎服。治上气喘急。取人参滋肺。以补母之气。取沉香入肾。以纳气之根。而后以槟榔乌药。从
而治之。泻实补虚。洵为调纳逆气之妙法。盖肺为阳。而所以纳气下行者。全赖阴津。故用人参以生津。
肾为阴。而所以化气上行者。全赖真阳。故用沉香以固阳。为沉其水。故能直纳水中之阳也。
桂苓五味甘草汤
桂枝尖（三钱） 云茯苓（四钱） 炙甘草（二钱） 五味子（一钱）
此治肾中水气腾溢。阴火上冲。面赤咽痛。咳逆诸病。桂苓抑水下行。水行即是气行。然逆气非敛不降。
故以五味之酸敛其气。土浓则阴火自伏。故以甘草之甘补其中也。
苏子降气汤
苏子（三钱） 半夏（二钱） 当归（三钱） 陈皮（二钱） 前胡（二钱） 浓朴（一钱） 沉香（一钱） 甘
草（一钱） 生姜（三片）
气即水也。水凝则为痰。水泛则为饮。痰饮留滞。则气阻而为喘咳。苏子生姜半夏前胡陈皮。宣除痰饮。
痰饮去而气自顺矣。然气以血为家。喘则流荡而忘返。故用当归以补血。喘则气急。故用甘草以缓其
急。出气者肺也。纳气者肾也。故用沉香之纳气入肾。或肉桂之引火归元为引导。
肾气丸
熟地黄（八钱） 山萸肉（四钱） 山药（四钱） 云茯苓（四钱） 泽泻（四钱） 牡丹皮（五钱） 川附片（三
钱） 肉桂（二钱）
肾为水脏。而其中一点真阳。便是呼吸之母。水足阳秘。则呼吸细而津液调。如真阳不秘。水泛火逆。则
用苓泽以行水饮。用地萸以滋水阴。用淮药入脾。以输水于肾。用丹皮入心。以清火安肾。得六味以滋
肾。而肾水足矣。然水中一点真阳。又恐其不能生化也。故用附子肉桂以补之。若加牛膝。便具引火归
元之功。若加知柏。又治上热下寒之法。如去桂附。加麦冬五味。则纯于滋阴。兼治肺金。
辛字润肺膏
羊肺（一具洗） 杏仁（四钱） 柿霜（五钱） 真酥（五钱） 真粉（三钱） 白蜜（五钱）
为末。搅匀入肺中。炖熟食。真粉即上白花粉。真酥即上色羊乳。如无以黑芝麻捣烂代之。方取肺与肺
同气。而用诸润药。以滋补之。义最浅而易见。然方极有力可用。
琼玉膏
生地（一斤汁） 白蜜（一斤） 人参（八两） 云苓（十二两）
生地汁合白蜜入瓷瓶内。云苓人参为末。和匀。放水中煮三昼夜。悬井中昼夜。取起。仍煮半日。白汤化
服。为润利肺经之妙剂。
生脉散
人参（三钱） 麦门冬（三钱） 五味子（七粒）
人参生肺津。麦冬清肺火。五味敛肺气。合之酸甘化阴。以清润肺金。是清燥救肺汤之先声。
保元汤
人参（三钱） 黄 （三钱） 黑枣（三钱） 炙甘草（二钱） 煨姜（三片）
草与黑枣。大补中土。再加煨姜以温之。黄 以鼓之。人参以滋之。总使土气冲和。上生肺金。肺阳布护。
阴翳自消。一切寒怯虚悸之症自除。此为温补肺阳法。与上滋肺阴法。为一寒一热之对子。
六君子汤
人参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 陈皮（三钱） 半夏（三钱）
四君子。补胃和中。加陈皮半夏以除痰气。肺之所以有痰饮者。皆胃中之水不行。故尔冲逆。治胃中即是治肺。
天王补心丹
当归（三钱） 熟地黄（五钱） 生地黄（三钱） 远志（一钱） 人参（三钱） 丹参（三钱） 天门冬（三钱）
麦门冬（三钱） 元参（三钱） 桔梗（钱半） 酸枣仁（三钱） 柏子仁（三钱） 云茯苓（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
陈修园曰。心字篆文。只是一倒火耳。火不欲炎上。故以生熟地补水。使水上交于心。以元参丹参二冬。
使火下交于肾。又佐参苓以和心气。当归以生心血。枣仁以安心神。远志以宣其滞。五味以收其散。更
假桔梗之浮为向导。心得所养。而何有健忘怔忡津液干枯舌疮秘结之苦哉。
朱砂安神丸
朱砂（一钱） 黄连（三钱） 生地（三钱） 当归（三钱） 甘草（二钱）
朱砂之重以镇怯。黄连之苦以清热。当归之辛以嘘血。更取甘草之甘。以制黄连之太过。地黄之润。以
助当归所不及。合之养血清火。安镇心神。怔忡昏烦不寐之症。可以治之。
人参养荣汤
人参（三钱） 黄 （三钱炙） 白术（三钱） 甘草（钱半） 当归（三钱） 熟地（四钱） 大枣（三钱） 生
姜（三片） 远志（一钱） 桂心（一钱） 陈皮（二钱） 白芍（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
此方即中焦取汁。奉心化赤以为血之义。参 术草大枣。大补中焦。中焦谷化则汁益生。故加陈皮以
化谷。中焦水停则谷不化。故加姜苓以别水。水谷既化。中焦之汁自生矣。再用归地多汁以引其汁。凡
系妇人催乳。用此足矣。若必令其奉心化血。则宜芍味以敛之。使荣行脉中。而不外散。加桂心远志。启
导心火。以助其化赤之令。补中者。开血之源也。导心者。化血之功也。敛脉者。成血之用也。此心火不足
之治法。与炙甘草汤建中汤相近。
归脾汤
白术（三钱） 黄 （三钱） 茯神（三钱） 人参（三钱） 远志（钱半） 木香（一钱）
甘草（二钱炙） 枣仁（三钱） 当归（三钱） 桂圆（五枚去壳）
心主生血。脾主统血。养荣汤。以治心为主。归脾汤。以治脾为主。心血生于脾。故养荣汤补脾以益心。脾
土生于火。故归脾汤导心火以生脾。总使脾气充足。能摄血而不渗也。
养真汤
人参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 甘草（钱半） 山药（三钱） 莲米（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 五
味（八分） 黄 （三钱） 白芍（三钱）
煎去头煎。只服二三煎。取燥气尽去。遂成甘淡之味。盖土本无味。无味即为淡。淡即土之正味也。此方
取淡以养脾。深得其旨。
小建中汤
桂枝（二钱） 白芍（四钱） 甘草（二钱） 红枣（三枚 生姜（三片） 饴糖（一两）
虚劳里急诸不足者。五脏阴精阳气俱不足也。故用姜桂辛温以生阳。用芍饴酸甘以生阴。大枣甘草
纯甘以补中。使中宫创建。则阳气化而上行。阴气化而下降。细按此方。乃建胃滋脾。以阳生阴之法。归
脾汤从此方重浊处套出。补中汤从此方轻清处套出。
正元汤
人参（附子汁煮） 黄 （川芎酒煮） 山药（干姜煮） 白术（陈皮煎） 云苓（肉桂煮） 甘草（乌药煮各等
分）
六药为末。盐汤下。取火烈之品。法平和之药。雄烈之味既去。诚为温补少火之驯剂。
白凤膏
平胃散（四两） 人参（一两） 茯苓（一两）
上三味为末。纳枣内。入鸭腹中。陈酒煮烂。食鸭肉。将枣阴干。随用参汤白汤化服。鸭乃血肉之品。其性
滋阴。酒为五谷之精。其性和阳。合诸药养脾胃。大收纯和之效。
桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤
桂枝（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 龙骨（三钱） 牡蛎（三钱）
肝寒魂怯。用辛温镇补之品。以扶肝而敛魂。心阳上越。肾阳下泄。此方皆可用之。
滑氏补肝散
枣仁（三钱） 熟地（四钱） 白术（三钱） 当归（三钱） 山茱萸（三钱） 山药（三钱） 川芎（一钱） 木
瓜（一钱） 独活（一钱） 五味子（五分）
肝体阴而用阳。此以酸甘补肝体。以辛甘补肝用。加独活者。假风药以张其气也。欲其气之鼓荡者。则
用独活。欲其气之温敛者。则用巴戟。欲其气之清平者。则用桑寄生。欲其气之疏达者。则用柴胡白头
翁。诸药皆治风之品。轻重不同。在人用之得宜。
炙甘草汤（一名复脉汤）
人参（二钱） 地黄（二两六钱） 麦冬（八钱） 阿胶（二钱） 芝麻（五钱） 炙草（四钱） 大枣（三枚） 桂
枝（三钱） 生姜（三钱） 清酒（一两）
此方为补血之大剂。乡先辈杨西山言。此方亟戒加减。惜未能言明其义。余按此方。即中焦受气取汁。
变化而赤。是为血之义。姜枣参草。中焦取汁。桂枝入心化气。变化而赤。然桂性辛烈能伤血。故重使生
地麦冬芝麻。以清润之。使桂枝雄烈之气。变为柔和。生血而不伤血。又得阿胶潜伏血脉。使输于血海。
下藏于肝。合观此方。生血之源。导血之流。真补血之第一方。未可轻议加减也。时方养荣汤。亦从此套
出。第养荣汤较温。此方多用生地麦冬。则变为平剂。专滋生血脉。若催乳则无须桂枝。若去桂加枣仁
远志。则更不辛烈。若加丹皮桃仁。则能清心化血。加山栀。又是清心凉血之剂。加五味。则兼敛肺金。此
虽加减。而仍不失仲景遗意。又何不可。
大补阴丸
熟地（八钱） 知母（三钱） 黄柏（三钱） 龟板（四钱）
苦寒之品。能大伐生气。亦能大培生气。盖阴虚火旺者。非此不足以泻火滋阴。夫人之生气。根于肾中。
此气全赖水阴含之。若水阴不足。则阳气亢烈。烦逆痿热。方用知柏折其亢。龟板潜其阳。熟地滋其阴。
阴足阳秘。而生气不泄矣。
四物汤（为生血和血之通剂）
生地（四钱） 白芍（三钱） 川芎（二钱） 当归（三钱）
四君子汤
人参（三钱） 白术（四钱） 云苓（四钱） 甘草（二钱）
异功散
即四君汤。加陈皮二钱。
八珍汤
即上二方合用也。气血双补之平剂。
十全大补汤
即八珍汤。加黄 肉桂。为温补气血之大剂。
当归补血汤
黄 （一两） 当归（五钱）
此方以气统血。气行则血行。外充皮肤。则盗汗身热自除。内摄脾元。则下血崩漏能止。
柴胡清骨散
柴胡（三钱） 青蒿（三钱） 秦艽（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 地骨皮（三钱） 鳖甲（三钱） 知
母（三钱） 黄芩（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 童便（少许） 胡黄连（一钱）
肝为藏血之脏。又司相火。血足则火温而不烈。游行三焦。达于腠理。莫不得其温养之功。若血虚火旺。
内则烦渴淋闭。外则骨蒸汗出。皆肝经相火之为病也。方用丹皮知母枯芩黄连童便。大清相火。而又
恐外有所郁。则火不能清也。故用柴胡青蒿秦艽。以达其郁。又恐内有所结。则火不能清也。故用白芍
丹皮鳖甲。以破其结。佐甘草一味以和诸药。务使肝经之郁结解。而相火清。较逍遥散更优。
保命生地散
生地（五钱） 熟地（三钱） 枸杞（三钱） 地骨皮（三钱） 黄 （四钱） 白芍（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 黄
芩（二钱） 天门冬（三钱）
方取黄 甘草。入脾统血。余药清润肺肾。以治血之源流。或血止后。用此调养亦宜。
猪苓汤
猪苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 滑石（三钱） 阿胶（三钱）
此方专主滋阴利水。凡肾经阴虚。水泛为痰者。用之立效。取阿胶润燥。滑石清热。合诸药皆滋降之品。
以成其祛痰之功。痰之根原于肾。制肺者治其标。治肾者治其本。
导赤散
生地黄（四钱） 木通（二钱） 甘草梢（三钱） 竹叶心（三钱）
季楚重曰。泻心汤用黄连。所以治实邪。责木之有余。泻子以清母也。导赤散用地黄。所以治虚邪。责水
之不足。壮水以治火也。
麻黄人参芍药汤
麻黄（一钱） 桂枝（三钱） 黄 （三钱） 人参（三钱） 炙草（一钱） 当归（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 麦
冬（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
麻黄桂枝。从外发表。黄 草参。从内托里。使内犯之邪。皆从外出。自不至乘阴而吐衄矣。然既乱之血。
又不可以治也。故用当归白芍以和之。麦冬五味以清之。又按麻桂力能发表。表解而血自止。是善用
麻桂之功。非麻桂自能止血也。况仲景于吐血衄血。皆忌发汗。用此方者。须审其的由外感。非此不解。
然后一投即应。设忌发汗而反汗之。又误用麻桂之过。麻桂亦不任咎也。
止嗽散
桔梗（三钱） 荆芥（三钱） 广紫菀（三钱） 广百部（三钱） 白前（三钱） 陈皮（三钱） 甘草（一钱）
普明子制此方。并论注其妙。而未明指药之治法。余因即其注而增损之曰。肺体属金。畏火者也。遇热
麦冬（二两） 半夏（六钱） 人参（四钱） 甘草（四钱） 粳米（一盏） 大枣（十二枚）
人参、粳米、甘草、大枣这四味药，能大力建立中焦脾胃之气，大量生成津液。胃中的津液向上输送到肺，肺气清肃则虚火自然平息，肺的功能调顺则气机自然通畅。然而，对于尚未上逆的虚火之气，这方子固然足以安抚它；但对于已经上逆的虚火之气，又不可以任由其停留。所以用麦冬作为君药来清降虚火，用半夏作为佐药来利气降逆。虚火降下，津液自然滋生；津液滋生，虚火自然下降。这两者并行不悖。此方治疗燥痰引起的咳嗽，最为对症。因为它能滋润肺和胃，所以也能治疗噎膈（吞咽困难）。又有冲脉之气上逆，挟带痰血侵犯肺脏的情况，此方都能治疗。因为冲脉起于胞宫，向下连通肝肾，实证时依附于阳明胃经，将阳明之血向下输入胞宫。如果阳明之气顺降，那么冲脉之气也会顺降，胞宫中的血和水液就能回归本位而不再上逆。这个方子与小柴胡汤对照来看就更明白了。小柴胡汤是从胃中引导冲脉之气上行，使火气不向下郁结的方法；此方是从胃中降导冲脉之气下行，使火气不上犯的方法。或者去掉粳米加入蜂蜜，滋润效果更佳。
以上药物磨成水煎服。治疗上气喘促急迫。取人参滋养肺脏，以补益母脏（脾土生肺金，此处指补气以资肺源）之气；取沉香入肾，以收纳气的根本。然后用槟榔、乌药随后调理。泻实补虚，确实是调理纳气平逆的妙法。因为肺属阳，而能使气下行归肾，全靠阴津的支持，所以用人参来生津液。肾属阴，而能使气化生上行，全靠真阳的支持，所以用沉香来固护阳气。因为沉香能沉潜水中之阳，所以能直接纳气归肾。
桂苓五味甘草汤
桂枝尖（三钱） 云茯苓（四钱） 炙甘草（二钱） 五味子（一钱）
此方治疗肾中水气腾溢，阴火上冲，导致面红、咽痛、咳逆等各种病症。桂枝和茯苓抑制水气下行，水行则气行。然而，上逆之气非收敛不能降下，所以用五味子的酸味来收敛气机。土气浓厚则阴火自然潜伏，所以用甘草的甘味来补益中气。
苏子降气汤
苏子（三钱） 半夏（二钱） 当归（三钱） 陈皮（二钱） 前胡（二钱） 浓朴（一钱） 沉香（一钱） 甘草（一钱） 生姜（三片）
气就是水，水凝结就成为痰，水泛滥就成为饮。痰饮留滞体内，阻碍气机运行而导致喘咳。苏子、生姜、半夏、前胡、陈皮，宣散清除痰饮。痰饮去除后，气机自然顺畅。然而，气以血为家，喘咳时气血流荡忘返，所以用当归来补血。喘咳导致气急，所以用甘草来缓解急迫。呼气由肺主导，纳气由肾主导，所以用沉香纳气入肾。或者用肉桂引火归元作为引导。
肾气丸
熟地黄（八钱） 山萸肉（四钱） 山药（四钱） 云茯苓（四钱） 泽泻（四钱） 牡丹皮（五钱） 川附片（三钱） 肉桂（二钱）
肾是水脏，但其中的一点真阳，是呼吸的根本。水充足且阳气秘藏，则呼吸细微而津液调和。如果真阳不秘藏，水泛火逆，则用茯苓、泽泻来利水行饮，用地黄、山萸肉来滋补水阴，用山药入脾，将水液输布至肾，用牡丹皮入心，清心安神以安肾。依靠六味地黄丸的基础来滋补肾水，肾水就充足了。然而，水中的那点真阳，又担心其不能生化，所以用附子、肉桂来补益。如果加入牛膝，就具备引火归元的功效。如果加入知母、黄柏，又是治疗上热下寒的方法。如果去掉桂枝、附子，加入麦冬、五味子，则纯粹用于滋阴，兼治肺金。
辛字润肺膏
羊肺（一具洗净） 杏仁（四钱） 柿霜（五钱） 真酥（五钱） 真粉（三钱） 白蜜（五钱）
研成粉末，搅拌均匀填入肺中，炖熟食之。真粉即上等天花粉，真酥即上等羊乳。如果没有黑芝麻捣烂代替也可以。方义取肺与肺同气相求，使用各种润药来滋补。道理浅显易见，但此方极有力且可用。
琼玉膏
生地（一斤榨汁） 白蜜（一斤） 人参（八两） 云苓（十二两）
将生地汁和白蜜放入瓷瓶内，云苓和人参研成粉末，混合均匀，放在水中煮三天三夜，悬挂在井中昼夜，取出后再煮半天，用白开水化服。这是滋润通利肺经的妙剂。
人参生成肺津，麦冬清泄肺火，五味子收敛肺气。合用酸甘化阴，以清润肺金。这是清燥救肺汤的先声。
保元汤
人参（三钱） 黄芪（三钱） 黑枣（三钱） 炙甘草（二钱） 煨姜（三片）
甘草和黑枣，大力补益中焦脾胃。再加煨姜以温中，黄芪以鼓动阳气，人参以滋养元气。总体使中焦土气冲和，向上滋生肺金。肺阳布散护卫，阴翳自然消除。一切寒战怯冷、虚弱惊悸的症状自然除去。这是温补肺阳的方法，与上面滋肺阴的方法，构成一寒一热的对偶。
六君子汤
人参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 陈皮（三钱） 半夏（三钱）
四君子汤补益胃气和中焦，加上陈皮、半夏以祛除痰气。肺之所以有痰饮，都是因为胃中的水液运行不畅，从而冲逆而上。治疗胃中即是治疗肺。
天王补心丹
当归（三钱） 熟地黄（五钱） 生地黄（三钱） 远志（一钱） 人参（三钱） 丹参（三钱） 天门冬（三钱） 麦门冬（三钱） 元参（三钱） 桔梗（钱半） 酸枣仁（三钱） 柏子仁（三钱） 云茯苓（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
陈修园说，“心”字的篆文，只是一个倒置的“火”字罢了。火不想炎上，所以用生地黄、熟地黄补水，使水上交于心；用元参、丹参、天冬、麦冬，使火下交于肾。又佐以人参、茯苓调和心气，当归生心血，酸枣仁安心神，远志宣通滞气，五味子收敛散气。再借桔梗的浮性作为向导。心得到滋养，哪里还会有健忘、怔忡、津液干枯、舌疮、便秘的痛苦呢？
朱砂安神丸
朱砂（一钱） 黄连（三钱） 生地（三钱） 当归（三钱） 甘草（二钱）
朱砂的重镇作用以镇静惊恐，黄连的苦寒作用以清热，当归的辛散作用以嘘血（活血），再取甘草的甘味，以制约黄连的太过，地黄的润燥作用，以辅助当归所不及之处。合起来养血清火，安镇心神。怔忡、昏烦、失眠等症状，可以治疗。
人参养荣汤
人参（三钱） 黄芪（三钱炙） 白术（三钱） 甘草（钱半） 当归（三钱） 熟地（四钱） 大枣（三钱） 生姜（三片） 远志（一钱） 桂心（一钱） 陈皮（二钱） 白芍（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
此方即中焦受纳水谷精微，奉心化赤以为血的原理。人参、黄芪、白术、甘草、大枣，大力补益中焦。中焦谷物消化则汁液益生，所以加陈皮以助化谷；中焦水湿停滞则谷物不化，所以加生姜、茯苓以分别水湿。水谷既已消化，中焦的汁液自然产生。再用当归、地黄多汁的药物来引导汁液。凡是妇女催乳，用此方足矣。如果一定要让它奉心化血，则宜用白芍、五味子来收敛，使营血行于脉中而不外散。加桂心、远志，启导心火，以助其化赤的命令。补中焦，是开启血的源头；导心火，是化血的功效；收敛血脉，是成血的作用。这是心火不足的治法，与炙甘草汤、建中汤相近。
归脾汤
白术（三钱） 黄芪（三钱） 茯神（三钱） 人参（三钱） 远志（钱半） 木香（一钱） 甘草（二钱炙） 枣仁（三钱） 当归（三钱） 桂圆（五枚去壳）
心主生血，脾主统血。养荣汤以治心为主，归脾汤以治脾为主。心血生于脾，所以养荣汤补脾以益心；脾土生于火（心火生脾土），所以归脾汤导心火以生脾。总体使脾气充足，能摄血而不渗漏。
养真汤
人参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 甘草（钱半） 山药（三钱） 莲米（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 五味（八分） 黄芪（三钱） 白芍（三钱）
煎煮时去掉头煎，只服用第二、三煎。取燥气尽去，遂成甘淡的味道。大概土的本味是无味，无味即为淡，淡就是土的正当味道。此方取淡味以养脾，深得旨意。
小建中汤
桂枝（二钱） 白芍（四钱） 甘草（二钱） 红枣（三枚） 生姜（三片） 饴糖（一两）
虚劳病中出现腹中拘急、各种不足的症状，是五脏的阴精和阳气都不足。所以用生姜、桂枝的辛温来生发阳气，用白芍、饴糖的酸甘来滋生阴液。大枣、甘草纯甘以补中焦。使中宫建立，则阳气化生而上行，阴气化生而下降。细究此方，乃是建立胃气、滋养脾阴，以阳生阴的方法。归脾汤从此方的重浊处演化而来，补中益气汤从此方的轻清处演化而来。
正元汤
人参（附子汁煮） 黄芪（川芎酒煮） 山药（干姜煮） 白术（陈皮煎） 云苓（肉桂煮） 甘草（乌药煮 各等分）
六种药物研成粉末，盐汤送下。取火烈之品，配合平和之法，雄烈之味既然去除，诚然是温补少火的温和药剂。
以上三味研成粉末，纳入枣内，放入鸭腹中，用陈年黄酒煮烂，吃鸭肉。将枣阴干，随用参汤或白开水化服。鸭子是血肉有情之品，其性滋阴；酒是五谷的精粹，其性和阳。合诸药养护脾胃，大收纯和之效。
桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤
桂枝（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 龙骨（三钱） 牡蛎（三钱）
肝寒导致魂怯，用辛温镇补的药物，以扶助肝脏并收敛魂魄。心阳上越，肾阳下泄，此方都可以使用。
滑氏补肝散
枣仁（三钱） 熟地（四钱） 白术（三钱） 当归（三钱） 山茱萸（三钱） 山药（三钱） 川芎（一钱） 木瓜（一钱） 独活（一钱） 五味子（五分）
肝体阴而用阳。此方用酸甘补肝体，用辛甘补肝用。加入独活，是假借风药来张扬肝气。想要其气鼓荡，则用独活；想要其气温敛，则用巴戟天；想要其气清平，则用桑寄生；想要其气疏达，则用柴胡、白头翁。这些药物都是治风的品种，轻重不同，在于使用者运用得当。
炙甘草汤（一名复脉汤）
人参（二钱） 地黄（二两六钱） 麦冬（八钱） 阿胶（二钱） 芝麻（五钱） 炙草（四钱） 大枣（三枚） 桂枝（三钱） 生姜（三钱） 清酒（一两）
此方是补血的大剂。乡先辈杨西山说，此方极力告诫不要加减，可惜未能说明其中的道理。我考察此方，即中焦受气取汁，变化而赤，是为血的原理。姜、枣、参、草，在中焦取汁；桂枝入心化气，变化而赤。然而桂枝性质辛烈容易伤血，所以重用生地黄、麦冬、芝麻，以清润之，使桂枝雄烈之气变为柔和，生血而不伤血。又得阿胶潜伏血脉，使其输送到血海，向下藏于肝脏。纵观此方，生血之源，导血之流，真是补血的第一方，不可轻易议论加减。时方中的养荣汤，也是从此方演化而来。只是养荣汤较温，此方多用生地黄、麦冬，则变为平剂，专门滋生血脉。如果是催乳则不需要桂枝；如果去掉桂枝加入枣仁、远志，则更不辛烈；如果加入牡丹皮、桃仁，则能清心化血；加入栀子，又是清心凉血的药剂；加入五味子，则兼敛肺金。这虽然是加减，但仍不失张仲景的原意，又有什么不可以呢？
大补阴丸
熟地（八钱） 知母（三钱） 黄柏（三钱） 龟板（四钱）
苦寒的药物，能大伐生气，也能大培生气。大概阴虚火旺的人，不用此方不足以泻火滋阴。人的生气，根于肾中，此气全赖水阴包含。如果水阴不足，则阳气亢烈，出现烦躁、逆气、痿弱、发热等症状。方中用知母、黄柏折抑其亢盛，龟板潜镇其阳气，熟地滋补水阴。阴足阳秘，而生气就不会泄露了。
四物汤（为生血和血之通剂）
生地（四钱） 白芍（三钱） 川芎（二钱） 当归（三钱）
四君子汤
人参（三钱） 白术（四钱） 云苓（四钱） 甘草（二钱）
此方以气统血，气行则血行。向外充实皮肤，则盗汗、身热自然消除；向内摄纳脾元，则下血、崩漏能够停止。
柴胡清骨散
柴胡（三钱） 青蒿（三钱） 秦艽（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 地骨皮（三钱） 鳖甲（三钱） 知母（三钱） 黄芩（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 童便（少许） 胡黄连（一钱）
肝是藏血的脏器，又主管相火。血充足则火温和而不猛烈，游行于三焦，达于腠理，没有不得到温养之功的。如果血虚火旺，内部则烦躁口渴、淋证闭涩，外部则骨蒸潮热、出汗，都是肝经相火导致的疾病。方中用牡丹皮、知母、枯芩、黄连、童便，大清相火。但又恐怕外部有所郁结，则火不能清，所以用柴胡、青蒿、秦艽，以通达其郁结。又恐怕内部有所结聚，则火不能清，所以用白芍、牡丹皮、鳖甲，以破除其结聚。佐以一味甘草调和诸药。务必使肝经的郁结解开，而相火清退，比逍遥散更优。
保命生地散
生地（五钱） 熟地（三钱） 枸杞（三钱） 地骨皮（三钱） 黄芪（四钱） 白芍（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 黄芩（二钱） 天门冬（三钱）
方中取黄芪、甘草，入脾统血；其余药物清润肺肾，以治疗血的源头和流注。或者血止之后，用此方调养也适宜。
猪苓汤
猪苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 滑石（三钱） 阿胶（三钱）
此方专主滋阴利水。凡是肾经阴虚，水泛为痰者，用之立竿见影。取阿胶润燥，滑石清热，合诸药皆为滋降之品，以成就其祛痰之功。痰的根本源于肾，制肺是治标，治肾是治本。
导赤散
生地黄（四钱） 木通（二钱） 甘草梢（三钱） 竹叶心（三钱）
季楚重说：泻心汤用黄连，所以治疗实邪，责罚木之有余，通过泻子（心）来清母（肝）。导赤散用地黄，所以治疗虚邪，责罚水之不足，通过壮水（肾）来治火（心）。
麻黄人参芍药汤
麻黄（一钱） 桂枝（三钱） 黄芪（三钱） 人参（三钱） 炙草（一钱） 当归（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
麻黄、桂枝，从外表发散；黄芪、甘草、人参，从内部托里。使内侵的邪气，都从外出，自然不会乘阴虚而吐血衄血。然而，已经紊乱的血，又不可以用攻伐药物治疗。所以用当归、白芍来调和它，用麦冬、五味子来清润它。另外按：麻黄、桂枝力量能发表，表解而血自止，这是善用麻黄、桂枝的功效，并非麻黄、桂枝本身能止血。况且张仲景对于吐血衄血，都忌讳发汗。使用此方，必须审察确实是由外感引起，非此不解，然后一投即应。如果忌讳发汗反而发汗，又是误用麻黄、桂枝的过错，麻黄、桂枝也不承担责任。
Ophiopogon Radix (2 liang), Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum (6 qian), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (4 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (4 qian), Oryza Sativa Semen (1 zhen), Jujubae Fructus (12 pieces).
Ginseng, Oryza Sativa Semen, Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma, and Jujubae Fructus possess the ability to strongly establish the Qi of the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach) and generate abundant body fluids. When stomach fluids are transported upward to the Lung, the Lung becomes clear and fire naturally subsides; when Lung function is regulated, Qi flow naturally smooths out. However, for fire Qi that has not yet rebelled or ascended, this formula is indeed sufficient to pacify it. But for fire Qi that has already rebelled and ascended, one cannot allow it to linger. Therefore, Ophiopogon Radix is used as the Sovereign herb to clear fire, and Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum is used as an Assistant herb to promote Qi movement. When fire descends, body fluids are generated; when body fluids are generated, fire naturally descends. The two proceed in parallel without contradiction. This formula is most appropriate for treating cough caused by dry phlegm, as it moistens and lubricates the Lung and Stomach. Thus, it can also treat dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). It can also treat conditions where the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) Qi rebels upward, carrying phlegm and blood to harass the Lung. The Chong Mai originates from the uterus, connects downward with the Liver and Kidney, and in excess conditions attaches to the Yangming Stomach Meridian, directing blood downward into the uterus. If Yangming Qi flows smoothly, Chong Qi also flows smoothly, and blood and water in the uterus return to their residence without rebelling upward. Comparing this formula with Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Chest Harmony Decoction) makes the mechanism clearer. Xiao Chai Hu Tang guides Chong Qi upward from the Stomach to prevent fire from stagnating downward; this formula guides Chong Qi downward from the Stomach to prevent fire from harassing upward. Alternatively, removing Oryza Sativa Semen and adding honey enhances moistening effects.
Si Mo Tang (Four-Step Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Cinnamon Twig, Areca Seed, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (equal parts).
Grind the above herbs in water and decoct. Treats upper jiao asthma and急促 panting. Ginseng nourishes the Lung to supplement the Qi of the mother organ (Earth generates Metal); Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum enters the Kidney to root the Qi. Then Areca Seed and Cinnamon Twig follow to regulate. This method of draining excess and tonifying deficiency is truly a wonderful approach for regulating and anchoring rebellious Qi. The Lung belongs to Yang, but its ability to guide Qi downward relies entirely on Yin fluids; thus, Ginseng is used to generate fluids. The Kidney belongs to Yin, but its ability to transform Qi upward relies entirely on True Yang; thus, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum is used to consolidate Yang. Because it sinks water, it can directly anchor the Yang within water.
Gui Ling Wu Wei Gan Cao Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Poria, Schisandra, and Licorice Decoction)
Cinnamomi Ramulus (3 qian), Poria (4 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (2 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (1 qian).
This treats diseases such as facial flushing, sore throat, and coughing/wheezing caused by kidney water qi overflowing and yin fire rushing upward. Cinnamon Twig and Poria suppress water qi descending; when water moves, Qi moves. However, rebellious Qi cannot descend without astringency, so Schisandrae Fructus is used for its sour astringent property to gather Qi. When Earth Qi is thick, yin fire naturally lies hidden, so Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma is used for its sweet property to tonify the Middle.
Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Fruit Descending Qi Decoction)
Perillae Fructus (3 qian), Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum (2 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (2 qian), Peucedani Radix (2 qian), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (1 qian), Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (1 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (1 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (3 slices).
Qi is water; when water condenses, it becomes phlegm; when water overflows, it becomes fluid retention. Phlegm and fluid retention stagnate, obstructing Qi and causing wheezing and coughing. Perillae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum, Peucedani Radix, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium disperse and eliminate phlegm and fluid retention. Once phlegm and fluid retention are removed, Qi naturally smooths out. However, Qi resides in Blood; during wheezing, Qi and Blood scatter and fail to return. Thus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix is used to tonify Blood. Since wheezing causes urgent breathing, Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma is used to relieve urgency. The Lung exhales, and the Kidney inhales; thus, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum is used to anchor Qi into the Kidney. Alternatively, Cinnamomi Cortex can be used to guide fire back to its source as a guiding agent.
Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill)
Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (8 qian), Corni Fructus (4 qian), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (4 qian), Poria (4 qian), Alismatis Rhizoma (4 qian), Moutan Cortex (5 qian), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (3 qian), Cinnamomi Cortex (2 qian).
The Kidney is a Water organ, but the spark of True Yang within it is the mother of respiration. When water is sufficient and Yang is secured, respiration is fine and fluids are balanced. If True Yang is not secured, water overflows and fire rebels; then Alismatis Rhizoma and Poria are used to move water and fluid retention, Corni Fructus and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata are used to nourish Yin water, Dioscoreae Rhizoma enters the Spleen to transport water to the Kidney, and Moutan Cortex enters the Heart to clear fire and calm the Kidney. Relying on Liu Wei Di Huang Wan to nourish Kidney water makes Kidney water sufficient. However, fearing that the spark of True Yang in water may fail to transform, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata and Cinnamomi Cortex are used to tonify it. Adding Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix confers the function of guiding fire back to its source. Adding Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex treats upper heat and lower cold. Removing Cinnamomi Cortex and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata and adding Ophiopogonis Radix and Schisandrae Fructus makes it purely for nourishing Yin and treating Lung Metal.
Xin Zi Run Fei Gao (Xinzi Moistening Lung Paste)
Ovis Pulmo (one whole, washed), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (4 qian), Diospyros Frost (5 qian), Real Butter (5 qian), Real Powder (3 qian), White Honey (5 qian).
Grind into powder, mix evenly, stuff into the lung, steam and cook to eat. "Real Powder" refers to high-quality Trichosanthis Radix; "Real Butter" refers to high-quality sheep milk. If unavailable, black sesame ground into paste can substitute. The formula takes advantage of the resonance between lungs and uses various moistening herbs to nourish. The principle is simple and obvious, but the formula is powerful and effective.
Qiong Yu Gao (Jade Dew Paste)
Rehmanniae Radix (1 jin juice), White Honey (1 jin), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (8 liang), Poria (12 liang).
Mix Rehmanniae Radix juice and White Honey in a porcelain bottle. Grind Poria and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma into powder, mix evenly, boil in water for three days and nights, hang in a well day and night, take out, boil again for half a day, and dissolve in warm water to take. This is a wonderful agent for moistening and unblocking the Lung channel.
Sheng Mai San (Generate Pulse Powder)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (7 grains).
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma generates Lung fluids, Ophiopogonis Radix clears Lung fire, and Schisandrae Fructus astringes Lung Qi. Combined, they transform sour and sweet into Yin to clear and moisten Lung Metal. This is the precursor to Qing Zao Jiu Fei Tang (Clear Dryness Rescue Lung Decoction).
Bao Yuan Tang (Protect Origin Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Astragali Radix (3 qian), Black Jujube (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (2 qian), Ginger Preparatum (3 slices).
Licorice and Black Jujube strongly tonify the Middle Earth. Added Ginger Preparatum warms it, Astragali Radix boosts it, and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma nourishes it. Overall, this harmonizes Earth Qi to generate Lung Metal above. When Lung Yang spreads and protects, yin shadows naturally dissipate. All symptoms of cold aversion, deficiency, and palpitations are eliminated. This is a method for warming and tonifying Lung Yang, forming a pair of cold and heat with the aforementioned method of nourishing Lung Yin.
Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (3 qian), Poria (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (3 qian), Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum (3 qian).
Si Jun Zi Tang tonifies Stomach Qi and harmonizes the Middle. Adding Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium and Pinellia Rhizoma Preparatum eliminates phlegm Qi. The reason the Lung has phlegm and fluid retention is that water in the Stomach fails to circulate, leading to rebellious upward movement. Treating the Stomach is treating the Lung.
Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan (Emperor of Heaven Pill to Tonify the Heart)
Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (5 qian), Rehmanniae Radix (3 qian), Polygalae Radix (1 qian), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Asparagi Radix (3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (3 qian), Scrophulariae Radix (3 qian), Platycodonis Radix (1.5 qian), Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (3 qian), Biota Orientalis Seed (3 qian), Poria (3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (1 qian).
Chen Xiuyuan said: The seal script character for "Heart" is just an inverted "Fire". Fire does not wish to flare upward, so Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata are used to tonify Water, allowing Water to ascend to the Heart. Scrophulariae Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Asparagi Radix, and Ophiopogonis Radix are used to make Fire descend to the Kidney. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Poria harmonize Heart Qi; Angelicae Sinensis Radix generates Heart Blood; Ziziphi Spinosae Semen calms the Spirit; Polygalae Radix disperses stagnation; Schisandrae Fructus gathers scattered Qi. Platycodonis Radix is borrowed for its floating nature as a guiding agent. With the Heart nourished, how could there be suffering from forgetfulness, palpitations, dry fluids, tongue ulcers, and constipation?
Zhu Sha An Shen Wan (Cinnabar Calming Spirit Pill)
Cinnabaris (1 qian), Coptidis Rhizoma (3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix (3 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian).
The heaviness of Cinnabaris calms fear; the bitterness of Coptidis Rhizoma clears heat; the pungency of Angelicae Sinensis Radix promotes blood circulation. Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma's sweetness moderates the excessive bitterness of Coptidis Rhizoma, and Rehmanniae Radix's moistening assists what Angelicae Sinensis Radix cannot achieve. Together, they nourish Blood, clear fire, and calm the Spirit. Palpitations, confusion, irritability, and insomnia can be treated.
Ren Shen Yang Rong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Vigor Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Astragali Radix Preparata (3 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (1.5 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (4 qian), Jujubae Fructus (3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (3 slices), Polygalae Radix (1 qian), Cinnamomi Cortex (1 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (2 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian), Poria (3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (1 qian).
This formula embodies the principle of the Middle Jiao receiving Qi and extracting essence, which is offered to the Heart to transform into red Blood. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma, and Jujubae Fructus strongly tonify the Middle Jiao. When grain digests in the Middle Jiao, essence increases, so Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium is added to aid digestion. When water stagnates in the Middle Jiao, grain fails to digest, so Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and Poria are added to separate water. Once water and grain are digested, Middle Jiao essence is naturally produced. Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, being juicy, guide this essence. For women promoting lactation, this formula is sufficient. To ensure it transforms into blood via the Heart, Paeoniae Radix Alba and Schisandrae Fructus are used to astringe, keeping Ying Blood within the vessels. Cinnamomi Cortex and Polygalae Radix guide Heart Fire to assist the transformation into red blood. Tonifying the Middle opens the source of blood; guiding the Heart performs the work of transforming blood; astringing the vessels completes the use of blood. This is a treatment method for insufficient Heart Fire, similar to Zhi Gan Cao Tang and Jian Zhong Tang.
Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction)
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (3 qian), Astragali Radix (3 qian), Poria Cum Wood (3 qian), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Polygalae Radix (1.5 qian), Aucklandiae Radix (1 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (2 qian), Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (3 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Longan Arillus (5 pieces, peeled).
The Heart governs the generation of blood, and the Spleen governs the control of blood. Yang Rong Tang focuses on treating the Heart, while Gui Pi Tang focuses on treating the Spleen. Heart Blood is generated by the Spleen, so Yang Rong Tang tonifies the Spleen to benefit the Heart. Spleen Earth is generated by Fire (Heart), so Gui Pi Tang guides Heart Fire to generate the Spleen. Overall, this ensures sufficient Spleen Qi to control blood without leakage.
Yang Zhen Tang (Nourish Truth Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (3 qian), Poria (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (1.5 qian), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (3 qian), Nelumbinis Semen (3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (0.8 qian), Astragali Radix (3 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian).
Discard the first decoction, only taking the second and third. This removes dryness, resulting in a sweet and bland flavor. Earth originally has no flavor; no flavor is bland, and bland is the true flavor of Earth. This formula uses blandness to nourish the Spleen, deeply grasping the essence.
Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction)
Cinnamomi Ramulus (2 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (4 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian), Jujubae Fructus (3 pieces), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (3 slices), Maltose (1 liang).
In deficiency consumptive disease with abdominal tension and various insufficiencies, the Yin essence and Yang Qi of the Five Zang organs are all insufficient. Thus, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and Cinnamomi Ramulus are used for their acrid-warm nature to generate Yang, while Paeoniae Radix Alba and Maltose are used for their sour-sweet nature to generate Yin. Jujubae Fructus and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma are purely sweet to tonify the Middle. Establishing the Middle allows Yang Qi to transform and ascend, and Yin Qi to transform and descend. Carefully analyzing this formula reveals it establishes Stomach Qi and nourishes Spleen Yin, using Yang to generate Yin. Gui Pi Tang evolves from the heavy/turbid aspect of this formula, and Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang evolves from the light/clear aspect.
Zheng Yuan Tang (Upright Origin Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (boiled in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata juice), Astragali Radix (boiled in Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma wine), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (boiled in Zingiberis Rhizoma Seccatum), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (decocted with Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Poria (boiled with Cinnamomi Cortex), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (boiled with Illicii Fructus) (equal parts).
Grind the six herbs into powder, take with salt water. Using fierce fire products with mild methods, removing harsh flavors, this is truly a gentle agent for warming and tonifying the "Lesser Fire".
Bai Feng Gao (White Phoenix Paste)
Ping Wei San (4 liang), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (1 liang), Poria (1 liang).
Grind the three ingredients into powder, insert into dates, place inside a duck belly, boil thoroughly with aged rice wine. Eat the duck meat. Dry the dates in shade, and take with Ginseng decoction or warm water as needed. Duck is a flesh-and-blood product with a Yin-nourishing nature; wine is the essence of grains with a harmonizing nature. Combined with herbs to nourish the Spleen and Stomach, it achieves pure harmony.
Gui Zhi Gan Cao Long Gu Mu Li Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Licorice, Dragon Bone, and Oyster Shell Decoction)
Cinnamomi Ramulus (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian), Longgu (3 qian), Muli (3 qian).
Liver cold causes soul timidity; use acrid-warm sedative-tonifying herbs to support the Liver and gather the Soul. Heart Yang floating upward and Kidney Yang leaking downward can both be treated with this formula.
Hua Shi Bu Gan San (Dr. Hua's Liver-Tonifying Powder)
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (3 qian), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (4 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (3 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Corni Fructus (3 qian), Dioscoreae Rhizoma (3 qian), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (1 qian), Chaenomelis Fructus (1 qian), Dictamni Radix Cortex (1 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (0.5 qian).
The Liver substance is Yin, and its function is Yang. This formula uses sour-sweet to tonify Liver substance and acrid-sweet to tonify Liver function. Dictamni Radix Cortex is added to borrow wind herbs to expand Qi. To make Qi surge, use Dictamni Radix Cortex; to make Qi warm and astringent, use Morindae Officinalis Radix; to make Qi clear and calm, use Taxilli; to make Qi free-flowing, use Bupleuri Radix or Pulsatillae Radix. These are all wind-treating herbs, differing in weight and strength, depending on proper application.
Zhi Gan Cao Tang (Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction, also known as Fu Mai Tang/Restore Pulse Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian), Rehmanniae Radix (2 liang 6 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (8 qian), E-Jiao (2 qian), Sesame (5 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (4 qian), Jujubae Fructus (3 pieces), Cinnamomi Ramulus (3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (3 qian), Clear Wine (1 liang).
This is a major formula for tonifying Blood. Senior Yang Xishan warned against modifying this formula but failed to explain why. I analyze this formula as embodying the principle of the Middle Jiao receiving Qi, extracting essence, and transforming it into red Blood. Ginger, Jujube, Ginseng, and Licorice extract essence in the Middle Jiao; Cinnamomi Ramulus enters the Heart to transform Qi into Blood. However, Cinnamomi Ramulus is acrid and fierce and can damage Blood, so large doses of Rehmanniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, and Sesame are used to clear and moisten, transforming the fierce energy of Cinnamomi Ramulus into gentleness, generating Blood without damaging it. E-Jiao anchors the blood vessels, transporting blood to the Sea of Blood and storing it in the Liver. Viewing this formula together, it generates the source of Blood and guides the flow of Blood; it is truly the premier formula for tonifying Blood and should not be lightly modified. Shi Fang's Yang Rong Tang also evolves from this. Yang Rong Tang is warmer; this formula uses more Rehmanniae Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix, becoming a neutral agent specifically for nourishing blood vessels. For lactation, remove Cinnamomi Ramulus; for removing Cinnamomi Ramulus and adding Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Polygalae Radix, it becomes less acrid; for adding Moutan Cortex and Persicae Semen, it clears Heart and transforms Blood; for adding Gardeniae Fructus, it clears Heart and cools Blood; for adding Schisandrae Fructus, it astringes Lung Metal. Although these are modifications, they still retain Zhang Zhongjing's original intent, so why not?
Da Bu Yin Wan (Great Tonify Yin Pill)
Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (8 qian), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (3 qian), Phellodendri Cortex (3 qian), Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum (4 qian).
Bitter-cold herbs can greatly destroy Sheng Qi (vital energy) but can also greatly cultivate it. For Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire, this formula is necessary to drain fire and nourish Yin. Human Sheng Qi is rooted in the Kidney, relying entirely on Yin Water to contain it. If Yin Water is insufficient, Yang Qi becomes hyperactive, causing irritability, rebellion, flaccidity, and heat. Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex curb hyperactivity; Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum anchors Yang; Rehmanniae Radix Preparata nourishes Yin. When Yin is sufficient and Yang is secured, Sheng Qi is preserved.
Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction, a general formula for generating and harmonizing Blood)
Rehmanniae Radix (4 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (2 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian).
Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction)
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (4 qian), Poria (4 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian).
Yi Gong San (Extraordinary Skill Powder)
Same as Si Jun Zi Tang, plus Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (2 qian).
Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction)
Combination of the above two formulas. A neutral formula for dual tonification of Qi and Blood.
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction)
Ba Zhen Tang plus Astragali Radix and Cinnamomi Cortex. A major formula for warming and tonifying Qi and Blood.
Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Tonify Qi Decoction)
Astragali Radix (1 liang), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (5 qian).
This formula uses Qi to command Blood; when Qi moves, Blood moves. Externally filling the skin eliminates night sweats and body heat; internally controlling the Spleen stops lower bleeding and metrorrhagia.
Chai Hu Qing Gu San (Bupleurum Clear Bone Decoction)
Bupleuri Radix (3 qian), Artemisiae Annuae Herba (3 qian), Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (3 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian), Moutan Cortex (3 qian), Lycii Cortex (3 qian), Trionycis Carapax (3 qian), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (3 qian), Scutellariae Radix (2 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (1 qian), Child's Urine (a little), Picrorhizae Rhizoma (1 qian).
The Liver stores Blood and governs Ministerial Fire. When Blood is sufficient, Fire is warm but not fierce, traveling through the Triple Burner to the interstices, providing warmth and nourishment. If Blood is deficient and Fire is hyperactive, internally causing irritability, thirst, stranguria, and obstruction, and externally causing bone-steaming fever and sweating, these are diseases of Liver Ministerial Fire. The formula uses Moutan Cortex, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Child's Urine to clearly drain Ministerial Fire. Fearing external stagnation prevents clearing Fire, Bupleuri Radix, Artemisiae Annuae Herba, and Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix are used to reach stagnation. Fearing internal knotting prevents clearing Fire, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Moutan Cortex, and Trionycis Carapax are used to break knots. Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma harmonizes the herbs. Ensuring Liver stagnation resolves and Ministerial Fire clears, this is superior to Xiao Yao San.
Bao Ming Sheng Di San (Preserve Life Rehmannia Powder)
Rehmanniae Radix (5 qian), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (3 qian), Lycii Fructus (3 qian), Lycii Cortex (3 qian), Astragali Radix (4 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (2 qian), Scutellariae Radix (2 qian), Asparagi Radix (3 qian).
The formula uses Astragali Radix and Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma to enter the Spleen and control Blood; other herbs clear and moisten the Lung and Kidney to treat the source and flow of Blood. It is suitable for conditioning after bleeding stops.
Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction)
Polypori mycelium (3 qian), Alismatis Rhizoma (3 qian), Poria (3 qian), Talcum (3 qian), E-Jiao (3 qian).
This formula specializes in nourishing Yin and promoting urination. For Kidney Yin deficiency causing water overflow into phlegm, it works immediately. E-Jiao moistens dryness, Talcum clears heat; combined with other herbs as yin-nourishing and descending agents, it achieves phlegm-resolving effects. Phlegm originates in the Kidney; treating the Lung addresses the branch, treating the Kidney addresses the root.
Dao Chi San (Guide Out Redness Powder)
Rehmanniae Radix (4 qian), Akebiae Caulis (2 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Caudex (3 qian), Lophatheri Herba Apicalis (3 qian).
Ji Chuzhong said: Xie Xin Tang uses Coptidis Rhizoma to treat excess pathogens, blaming Wood's surplus, draining the Son to clear the Mother. Dao Chi San uses Rehmanniae Radix to treat deficiency pathogens, blaming Water's insufficiency, strengthening Water to treat Fire.
Ma Huang Ren Shen Shao Yao Tang (Ephedra, Ginseng, and Peony Decoction)
Ephedrae Herba (1 qian), Cinnamomi Ramulus (3 qian), Astragali Radix (3 qian), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (1 qian), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (3 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (3 qian), Ophiopogonis Radix (3 qian), Schisandrae Fructus (1 qian).
Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus release the exterior; Astragali Radix, Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma, and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma support the interior. This expels invading pathogens outward, preventing them from exploiting Yin deficiency to cause hematemesis or epistaxis. However, chaotic Blood cannot be treated with aggressive drugs. Thus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Paeoniae Radix Alba harmonize it, while Ophiopogonis Radix and Schisandrae Fructus clear it. Note: Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus have strong exterior-releasing power; once the exterior is resolved, bleeding stops. This utilizes their efficacy, not claiming they stop bleeding themselves. Zhang Zhongjing contraindicated sweating for hematemesis and epistaxis. Use this formula only if confirmed to be due to external contraction, requiring this to resolve. Otherwise, forcing sweat is a mistake using Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus.
Zhi Sou San (Stop Cough Powder)
Platycodonis Radix (3 qian), Schizonepetae Herba (3 qian), Panax Notoginseng? No, Asteris Tatarici Radix (3 qian), Stemona Radix (3 qian), Petasitis Rhizoma (3 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (3 qian), Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (1 qian).
Pu Mingzi formulated this and noted its wonders but did not specify drug actions. Based on his notes, I add/subtract: Lung metal fears Fire. Encountering heat...