味苦辛。性寒。无毒。禀阴寒之气而生。降也。阴也。丹皮为使。恶螵蛸。伏丹砂。
【主治】主关结诸癃结。小便不通。出刺。决痈肿。明目去翳。破胎堕子。下闭血。养
肾气
【归经】入小肠心二经。为利水破血之品。（逐膀胱热邪治淋必须之药 降心火利小肠）
【前论】王执中曰。五淋大抵皆属湿热。热淋用八正散。加山栀、滑石之类。血淋。宜
小蓟牛
中焦作
【禁忌】经疏曰。瞿麦性猛利。善下逐。凡肾气虚。小肠无大热。胎前产后。一切虚人
患小
【炮制】雷公曰。凡使。只用蕊壳。不用茎叶。若同使。即空心。令人气噎。小便不禁
也。
味苦甘。性平。无毒。禀土金火之气而生。降也。阴中阳也。
【主治】主金疮止血逐痛。出刺。除风痹内塞。止心烦。痈疮。催生。（别录）治风毒。
通血
素）
【归经】入肝胃二经。为行血之品。（阳明冲任之药走血分通血脉）
【前论】仲淳曰。苦能泄。辛能散。甘入血。温能行。故为入血活血之要。而治以上诸
症。
【禁忌】经疏曰。孕妇勿服。
【炮制】雷公曰。凡使。苗子皆可用。拌湿蒸半日。浆水浸一宿。焙用。
味甘咸。性寒。无毒。禀土中之冲气。兼天之冬气以生。降也。阴也。常山为使。
【主治】主气 。止痛。利水。导小便。除湿热。（本经）男子伤中。女子淋沥不欲食。
养肺
产。（
【归经】入肾经。兼入肝小肠二经。为行水泄热之品。（兼泻剂 专走水道兼能养肝）
【前论】好古曰。此能利小便而不走气。与茯苓同功。李 曰。车前所以能愈暴下者。
以能
【禁忌】经疏曰。内伤劳倦。阳气下陷者忌。肾气虚脱者。忌与淡渗药同用。
【炮制】时珍曰。凡使。洗去泥砂。晒干。入汤剂炒用。入丸散酒浸一夜。蒸熟研烂作
饼。
【瞿麦】
味苦、辛。性寒。无毒。禀受阴寒之气而生。属性为降，属阴。以牡丹皮为引经药。畏螵蛸、丹砂。
【主治】主要治疗关格及各类癃闭（小便不通），小便不通畅，排出异物或刺状物，消散痈肿，明目去除翳障，破血堕胎，下泄闭阻之恶血，滋养肾气。
【归经】入小肠经和心经。属于利水破血的药物。（是驱逐膀胱热邪、治疗淋证的必备药物；能降心火、利小肠）
【前论】王执中说：五淋大体上都属于湿热证。热淋使用八正散，加入山栀、滑石等药物。血淋……（原文此处有缺漏/错简，提及小蓟牛膝等意）。
【禁忌】缪希雍《本草经疏》说：瞿麦药性猛烈通利，善于下行逐邪。凡是肾气虚弱、小肠没有大热、孕妇产前产后、以及一切虚损之人患……（原文此处有缺漏，意指不宜使用）。
【炮制】雷公说：凡使用瞿麦，只用花蕊和果壳，不用茎叶。如果一起使用，会导致人心胸空虚，使人气机噎塞，小便失禁。
【王不留行】
味苦、甘。性平。无毒。禀受土、金、火之气而生。属性为降，属阴中之阳。
【主治】主要治疗金创出血、止痛、排出刺状物，祛除风痹引起的内部阻塞，止心烦，治疗痈疮，催生。（《名医别录》记载）治疗风毒，通行血脉……（原文此处有缺漏/错简，提及“素”字可能指代某书或内容）。
【归经】入肝经和胃经。属于行血的药物。（是阳明经、冲脉、任脉的药物，走血分，通血脉）
【前论】陈实功（仲淳）说：苦能泄降，辛能发散，甘入血分，温能通行。所以它是入血活血的重要药物，用来治疗上述各种病症。
【禁忌】缪希雍《本草经疏》说：孕妇禁止服用。
【炮制】雷公说：凡使用，苗和子都可以用。拌湿蒸半天，用浆水浸泡一夜，焙干后使用。
【车前子】
味甘、咸。性寒。无毒。禀受土中冲和之气，兼受天之冬气而生。属性为降，属阴。以常山为引经药。
【主治】主治气滞……（原文此处有缺漏，通常指气逆或气结），止痛，利水，引导小便，清除湿热。（《神农本草经》记载）男子内伤，女子淋沥不尽、食欲不振，养肺……（原文此处有缺漏，提及产难等意）。
【归经】入肾经，兼入肝经和小肠经。属于行水泄热的药物。（兼作泻剂，专走水道，兼能养肝）
【前论】李好古说：此药能利小便而不耗气，功效与茯苓相同。李杲（东垣）说：车前子之所以能治愈暴注下痢，是因为它能……（原文此处有缺漏，意指利小便而实大便）。
【禁忌】缪希雍《本草经疏》说：内伤劳倦、阳气下陷者忌用。肾气虚脱者，忌与淡渗利湿药同用。
【炮制】李时珍说：凡使用，洗去泥沙，晒干。入汤剂时炒用，入丸散剂时用酒浸泡一夜，蒸熟研烂做成饼状。
[Qu Mai] (Dianthus Herba)
Taste: Bitter, Acrid. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Born from the Yin-Cold Qi. Action: Descending. Category: Yin. Guiding herb: Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex). Antagonistic herbs: Piaoxiao (Os Sepiae), Dansha (Cinnabar).
[Indications] Primarily treats Guan-Ge (obstruction and inability to urinate) and various Long-Jie (urinary retention/difficulty), urinary obstruction, expulsion of foreign bodies or spicules, resolution of carbuncles and swellings, brightening the eyes and removing nebulae, breaking blood stasis to induce abortion, draining obstructed foul blood, and nourishing Kidney Qi.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Small Intestine and Heart meridians. It is a category of drugs that promotes urination and breaks blood stasis. (It is an essential medicine for expelling Heat-Evil from the Bladder and treating Lin syndrome; it descends Heart Fire and benefits the Small Intestine.)
[Prior Discussions] Wang Zhizhong stated: The five types of Lin syndrome generally belong to Damp-Heat. For Heat-Lin, Bazheng San (Eight-Herb Corrective Powder) is used, adding Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Hua Shi (Talcum). For Blood-Lin... [Text incomplete/corrupted].
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* states: Qu Mai has a fierce and penetrating nature, good at descending and expelling pathogens. It is contraindicated for those with Kidney Qi deficiency, no significant Heat in the Small Intestine, pregnant women before and after delivery, and all patients with deficiency conditions suffering from... [Text incomplete/corrupted].
[Processing] Lei Gong stated: When using Qu Mai, only use the flowers and husks, not the stems and leaves. If used together, it causes emptiness in the chest, leads to Qi stagnation/choking, and urinary incontinence.
[Wang Bu Liu Xing] (Vaccariae Semen)
Taste: Bitter, Sweet. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. Born from the Qi of Earth, Metal, and Fire. Action: Descending. Category: Yang within Yin.
[Indications] Primarily treats traumatic injuries (Jin Chuang) to stop bleeding and relieve pain, expels spicules, removes wind-bi causing internal blockage, relieves restlessness, treats carbuncles and sores, and facilitates childbirth. (*Mingyi Bielu* records): Treats Wind-Toxin, unblocks blood vessels... [Text incomplete/corrupted].
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Liver and Stomach meridians. It is a category of drugs that moves blood. (It is a medicine for the Yangming, Chong, and Ren meridians, entering the Blood aspect to unblock blood vessels.)
[Prior Discussions] Chen Shigong (Zhongchun) stated: Bitter can drain, Acrid can disperse, Sweet enters the Blood, Warm can promote circulation. Therefore, it is an important herb for entering the Blood and invigorating blood, used to treat the aforementioned symptoms.
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* states: Pregnant women should not take it.
[Processing] Lei Gong stated: When using it, both the seedling/herb part and the seeds are usable. Mix with moisture, steam for half a day, soak in fermented grain water overnight, then dry-roast for use.
[Che Qian Zi] (Plantaginis Semen)
Taste: Sweet, Salty. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Born from the balanced Qi of Earth, combined with the Winter Qi of Heaven. Action: Descending. Category: Yin. Guiding herb: Changshan (Radix Dichroae).
[Indications] Primarily treats Qi stagnation... [Text incomplete/corrupted], relieves pain, promotes urination, guides urine flow, and eliminates Damp-Heat. (*Shennong Bencao Jing* records): Internal injury in men, dribbling dysuria and loss of appetite in women, nourishes the Lung... [Text incomplete/corrupted].
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Kidney meridian, and concurrently enters the Liver and Small Intestine meridians. It is a category of drugs that moves water and drains Heat. (Acts as a purgative adjunct, specifically targeting the water passages and concurrently nourishing the Liver.)
[Prior Discussions] Li Haogu stated: This herb can promote urination without consuming Qi, having the same efficacy as Fuling (Poria). Li Gao (Dongyuan) stated: Che Qian Zi can cure acute diarrhea because it can... [Text incomplete/corrupted].
[Contraindications] Miao Xiyong in *Bencao Jing Shu* states: Contraindicated for internal injury due to overwork and sinking of Yang Qi. Those with Kidney Qi exhaustion should avoid using it together with mild diuretic (Dan Shen) herbs.
[Processing] Li Shizhen stated: When using it, wash away mud and sand, sun-dry. For decoctions, stir-fry before use. For pills and powders, soak in wine for one night, steam until cooked, grind into a paste/biscuit.