味辛苦。性寒。无毒。得土中阳气。兼感秋之燥气以生。降也。阳中阴也。恶细辛。
畏萆 、女寇、卤碱。伏硝石。
【主治】〔汉防己〕主风寒温疟。热气诸痫。除邪。利大小便。（本经）疗水肿风肿。去
膀胱
斜。
十二经。
语。散结
【归经】入膀胱经。为祛风行水之品。（太阳经主药 疗风水要药 通行十二经泻下焦
血分
湿热）
【前论】藏器曰。出汉中。根大而虚。通心有花纹。色黄者名汉防己。生他处。青白而
软。
焦湿
经药也。东垣
除膀胱积热。非此不可。真行经之仙药。无可代之者。若夫饮食劳倦。阴虚生内热。元
气谷食已亏。以防己泄大便。则重亡其血。此不可用一也。如大渴引饮。是热在上焦气分。
宜渗泄。而防己乃下焦血分药。此不可用二也。外伤风寒。邪传肺经气分。湿热而小便黄赤
。乃至不通。此上焦气病。禁用血药。此不可用三也。
流入十二经致二阴不通者。然后审用之。好古曰。木
分湿热。仲淳曰。凡使防己于下部湿热药中。亦必以
石斛、苡仁等补益之药为佐。而以防己为使。乃无
己为主药。又有足跟痛者。属肾虚。不与香港脚同论
【禁忌】经疏曰。凡胃虚阴虚。自汗盗汗。口苦舌干。肾虚小水不利。及产前后血虚。
虽有下焦湿热。均忌。
【炮制】时珍曰。凡使。去皮。锉。酒洗。晒干用。
以上通剂草部
【性味】味道辛苦。性质寒凉。无毒。它禀受大地中的阳气，同时兼感秋季的燥气而生长。药势主降，属于阳中之阴。忌与细辛同用。
害怕萆薢、女贞子（注：原文“女寇”疑为女贞子或类似药物之误，此处依音近及常见配伍推测，但严格按原文翻译为“女寇”）、卤碱。能克制硝石。
【主治】〔汉防己〕主治风寒温疟。热气引起的各种痫证。祛除邪气。通利大、小便。（出自《本经》）治疗水肿、风肿。去除膀胱的……（原文此处有缺漏，结合上下文及《本经》原文“除邪，利大小便”，以及后文“疗水肿风肿”，此处保留原文结构）。通行十二经。（原文此处排版混乱，结合语境，“十二经”可能指归经或作用范围，但前文已有归经，此处暂按原文字面处理，或视为对药效范围的补充描述，但根据《本经》原文“主风寒湿周痹，风热痛痒，下水气，利大小便，除热”，原文可能有脱简。此处严格对应原文：“疗水肿风肿。去膀胱斜。十二经。” 注：原文“去膀胱斜”及“十二经”位置突兀，疑似古籍排版错乱，此处直译。）
【归经】入膀胱经。是祛风行水的药物。（太阳经的主药，治疗风水证的要药，通行十二经，泻下焦血分湿热）
【前论】藏器说。产于汉中。根部大而中空。心部有花纹。颜色黄的称为汉防己。产在他处的，颜色青白而且柔软。是燥湿经的药物。李东垣说。清除膀胱积热，非此药不可。真是通行经络的仙药，没有可以替代它的。如果是饮食劳倦损伤，阴虚产生内热，元气和谷食已经亏损，如果用防己泄大便，就会再次耗伤血液，这是不可用的第一种情况。如果大渴引饮，这是热在上焦气分。应该用渗泄法，而防己是下焦血分的药，这是不可用的第二种情况。外伤风寒，邪气传入肺经气分，湿热导致小便黄赤，甚至不通。这是上焦气分的病，禁用血分药，这是不可用的第三种情况。只有当湿热流入十二经导致二阴不通时，然后才审慎使用。赵好古说。木……（原文此处断裂，似指五行或具体病症，暂略或依上下文补全逻辑，但任务要求不增添内容，故仅翻译可见部分）分湿热。缪仲淳说。凡是使用防己在下部湿热药中，也必须以石斛、苡仁等补益药物作为佐使，而以防己为主药。又有足跟痛的，属于肾虚，不与香港脚（痛风/脚气）混为一谈。
【禁忌】薛己（注：《本草经疏》作者）说。凡是胃虚阴虚，自汗盗汗，口苦舌干，肾虚小水不利，以及产前产后血虚。即使有下焦湿热，均忌用。
[Flavor and Nature] Flavor is pungent and bitter. Nature is cold. Non-toxic. It acquires the yang qi of the earth and simultaneously feels the dryness qi of autumn to grow. It descends. It is yin within yang. It is incompatible with Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [Note: Original text says "Xi Xin" (Asari Radix), translation adjusted to match original "Xi Xin" -> Asari Radix/Xixin]. It fears Biji Rhizome (Bixie, 萆薢), Nv Kou (Nvkou, 女寇 - likely a textual variant or error for Ligusticum/Walnut/etc., kept as transliteration), and Lu Jian (Halite). It subdues Nux Boracis (Xiaoshi, 硝石).
[Indications] [Han Fangji (Stephania Tetrandra)] Primarily treats wind-cold warm malaria. Heat qi causing various epilepsy syndromes. Eliminates pathogenic factors. Promotes urination and defecation. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats edema and wind-swelling. Removes bladder... (Original text has gaps/disorder here: "Qu Pangguang Xie. Shi'er Jing." Translated literally: Removes bladder obliquity/slant. Twelve meridians.)
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Bladder Meridian. It is an agent that dispels wind and promotes water metabolism. (Primary herb of the Taiyang Meridian; essential herb for treating Fengshui [Wind-Edema]; circulates through the twelve meridians; drains damp-heat from the blood aspect of the lower jiao).
[Preliminary Discussion] Zang Qi said. It originates from Hanzhong. The root is large and hollow. The center has flower-like patterns. Those with yellow color are named Han Fangji. Those grown elsewhere are greenish-white and soft. It is a medicine for drying dampness and regulating meridians. Li Dongyuan said. To clear accumulated heat in the bladder, this herb is indispensable. It is truly a celestial medicine that travels through meridians, with no substitute. However, if there is damage from diet and overwork, leading to yin deficiency generating internal heat, and yuan qi and grain food are already depleted, using Fangji to purge stool will severely destroy blood. This is the first reason it cannot be used. If there is excessive thirst with drinking, this indicates heat in the qi aspect of the upper jiao. Percolating and draining should be used, whereas Fangji is a medicine for the blood aspect of the lower jiao. This is the second reason it cannot be used. External injury from wind-cold, where pathogens transmit to the lung meridian qi aspect, causing damp-heat and yellow-red urine, even to the point of obstruction. This is a disease of the qi aspect in the upper jiao; blood aspect medicines are contraindicated. This is the third reason it cannot be used. Only when damp-heat flows into the twelve meridians causing obstruction of the two yin openings (urethra and anus) should it be used cautiously. Zhao Haogu said. Wood... [Text fragment] fen shi re. Miao Zhongchun said. Whenever using Fangji in medicines for damp-heat in the lower part, one must also use Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu, 石斛) and Coicis Semen (Yiren, 薏苡仁) etc. tonifying medicines as assistants, with Fangji as the principal medicine. For those with heel pain, it belongs to kidney deficiency and should not be discussed together with Hongjiaojiao (Hongjiaojiao/Gout/Foot Qi).
[Contraindications] Xue Ji (Author of *Bencao Jing Shu*) said. For those with stomach deficiency and yin deficiency, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, bitter taste in mouth, dry tongue, kidney deficiency with difficult urination, and blood deficiency before and after childbirth. Even if there is damp-heat in the lower jiao, all are contraindicated.
[Processing] Li Shizhen said. When using it, remove the skin, chop/crush, wash with wine, and sun-dry for use.
Above belongs to the Tongji Grass Category.