〔薛〕东垣云∶足太阳头痛，脉浮紧，恶风寒，川芎、羌活、独活、麻黄为主。手
少阳经头痛，脉弦细，往来寒热，柴胡为主。足阳明头痛，身热目疼鼻干，恶寒发热，脉
浮缓而长，升麻汤，（升麻，葛根。）或石膏、白芷为主。手太阳头痛，有痰，体重或腹痛，为
痰癖，脉沉缓，苍术、半夏、南星为主。足少阴经头痛，足寒气逆，为寒厥，脉沉细，麻
黄附子细辛汤（伤寒太阳。）为主。足厥阴头项痛，或吐涎沫，厥冷，脉浮缓，吴茱萸汤（伤寒吐。）
主之。诸血虚头痛，当归、川芎为主。诸气虚头痛，人参、黄 为主。气血俱虚头痛，调
中益气汤（杂病劳倦。）少加川芎、蔓荆、细辛。痰厥头痛，半夏白术天麻汤。（杂病眩晕。）厥逆头
痛，羌活附子汤。（杂病头病。）如湿气在头者，以苦吐之，不可执方而治。若脉杂乱而病见不
一，且补胃为主。一妇人因劳，耳鸣头痛体倦，用补中益气加麦门、五味而痊。三年
后得子，因饮食劳倦、前证益甚，月经不调，晡热，内热，自汗，盗汗，用六味地黄丸、补
中益气汤顿愈。经云∶头痛耳鸣，九窍不利，肠胃之所生也。故脾胃一虚，耳目九窍皆为
之病。一妇人两眉棱痛，后及太阳，面青善怒，此肝经风热之证，用选奇汤（杂病头痛。）合
逍遥散（调经。）加山栀、天麻、黄 、半夏、黄芩而愈。此证失治，多致伤目或两耳出脓，则
危矣。
旋复花汤 许叔微云∶妇人患头风者，十居其半，每发必掉眩，如在车船上。盖因血
虚，肝有风邪袭之尔。予尝处旋复花汤，此方修合服之，比他药甚效。
川芎 当归（去芦） 羌活（去芦） 旋复花 细辛（去苗） 蔓荆子 防风（去芦）
石膏 本（去芦） 荆芥穗 半夏曲 干地黄 甘草（炙，各半两）
上 咀，每服五钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至七分，去滓温服，日进二服。
七生丸 治男子妇人八般头风，及一切头痛，痰厥，气厥，饮厥，伤寒，伤风头痛
不可忍者，并皆治之。
川乌头 草乌头 天南星（三味并生，去皮） 半夏（冷水洗去滑） 川芎
白芷 石膏（并生用，各等分）
上为细末，研韭菜自然汁，丸如梧桐子大。每服七丸，加至十丸，嚼生葱、茶送下，
食后，日进二服。（陈尝治邓安人头痛如破，诸药无效，加北细辛等分，全蝎减半为丸，
服二十粒，即
愈。）
药隐老人云∶若头痛连齿，时发时止，连年不已。此由风寒中于骨髓，留而不去。脑
为髓海，故头痛齿亦痛，谓之厥逆头痛。宜白附子散，灸曲鬓穴。此穴在耳上，将耳掩
前正尖上，可灸七壮，左痛灸左，右痛灸右。
白附子散
白附子（炮，一两） 乌头（炮，去皮脐） 天南星（炮） 麻黄（不去根节，各半两）
干姜（炮） 辰砂（研，各二钱半） 全蝎（炒，五枚） 麝香（另研，一字）
上为细末，每服一钱，温酒调下，不拘时候。
治头风痛不可忍。
硝石 人中白 脑子（各等分）
上研令极细，每用一字，搐入鼻中。
川芎茶调散 治诸风上攻，头目昏重，偏正头痛。
薄荷（八两） 川芎 荆芥（各四两） 羌活 白芷 防风 甘草（炙，各二两） 细辛（一两）
上为末，每服二钱，食后茶清调下。
如圣饼子 （《和剂》）治男妇气厥，上盛下虚，痰饮风寒，伏留阳经，偏正头疼，痛连脑颠，
吐逆恶心，目瞑耳聋。常服清头目，消风化痰暖胃。
防风 生半夏 天麻（各半两） 天南星（洗） 川乌（去皮尖） 干姜（各一两）
川芎 甘草（炙，各二两）
为细末，汤浸蒸饼和丸芡实大，捻作饼子，日干。每服五饼，同荆芥穗三五茎细嚼，
茶酒汤任下，无时。
若头痛筋挛，骨重少气，哕噫腹满时惊，不嗜卧，咳嗽烦冤，其脉举之则弦，按之石
坚，由肾气不足而内着，其气逆而上行，谓之肾厥头痛。宜玉真丸与硫黄丸。
玉真丸
硫黄（研，三两） 硝石（二分，研） 石膏（ 研） 半夏（汤洗，为末，各一两）
上研令停匀，生姜自然汁打糊丸如梧子大，生姜汤下三十丸。一方，无半夏，有天
南星。
硫黄丸 治头痛不可忍，或头风年深暴患，无所不治，服此除根。
硝石（一两） 硫黄（二两）
上研令极细，滴水丸如指头大。空心，蜡茶清嚼下一丸。《百一方》云∶中暑者，以冰
水服之，下咽即洒然。治伤冷，以艾汤下。
裕陵传王荆公偏头疼方，云是禁中秘方。用生芦菔汁一蚬壳，仰卧注鼻中，左痛注左，
右痛注右，或两鼻皆注亦可，数十年患，皆一注而愈。
【薛己按语】李东垣曾说：足太阳经头痛，脉象浮紧，恶风怕冷，以川芎、羌活、独活、麻黄为主药。手少阳经头痛，脉象弦细，忽冷忽热，以柴胡为主药。足阳明经头痛，身体发热、眼睛疼痛、鼻子干燥，恶寒发热，脉象浮缓而长，用升麻汤（由升麻、葛根组成），或以石膏、白芷为主药。手太阳经头痛，有痰湿，身体沉重或腹痛，属于痰癖证，脉象沉缓，以苍术、半夏、天南星为主药。足少阴经头痛，脚部寒冷且气逆上冲，属于寒厥证，脉象沉细，以麻黄附子细辛汤（出自《伤寒论》太阳病篇）为主药。足厥阴经头痛，表现为头项部疼痛，或呕吐涎沫，四肢厥冷，脉象浮缓，用吴茱萸汤（出自《伤寒论》吐利篇）主治。凡是血虚引起的头痛，以当归、川芎为主药。凡是气虚引起的头痛，以人参、黄芪为主药。气血俱虚引起的头痛，用调中益气汤（出自杂病劳倦篇），少量加入川芎、蔓荆子、细辛。痰厥头痛，用半夏白术天麻汤（出自杂病眩晕篇）。厥逆头痛，用羌活附子汤（出自杂病头病篇）。如果湿气停留在头部，应用苦味药催吐治疗，不可拘泥于固定方剂。如果脉象杂乱且病症表现不一，应以补益胃气为主。有一位妇女因劳累导致耳鸣、头痛、身体疲倦，使用补中益气汤加麦冬、五味子而痊愈。三年后生育，因饮食不节和劳累，前述症状加重，月经不调，午后潮热，内热，自汗，盗汗，使用六味地黄丸、补中益气汤迅速治愈。医经说：头痛耳鸣，九窍不通利，是由肠胃问题产生的。所以脾胃一旦虚弱，耳、目及九窍都会发生病变。另一位妇女两眉棱骨疼痛，随后波及太阳穴，面色发青且易怒，这是肝经风热证，选用奇汤（出自杂病头痛篇）合逍遥散（用于调经），加入山栀、天麻、黄芪、半夏、黄芩而痊愈。此证若失治，多会导致伤眼或双耳流脓，那就危险了。
旋复花汤 许叔微说：妇女患头风病的，十人中占半数，每次发作必定头晕目眩，感觉像在车船之上。这是因为血虚，肝受风邪侵袭所致。我曾处方旋复花汤，按照此方配制服用，比其他药物效果显著。
川芎、当归（去芦头）、羌活（去芦头）、旋复花、细辛（去苗）、蔓荆子、防风（去芦头）、石膏、藁本（去芦头）、荆芥穗、半夏曲、干地黄、甘草（炙，各半两）。
以上药材切碎，每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，生姜五片，煎至七分，去渣温服，每日两次。
七生丸 治疗男女八种头风，以及一切头痛、痰厥、气厥、饮厥、伤寒、伤风引起的剧烈头痛，均能治疗。
川乌头、草乌头、天南星（这三味药均生用，去皮）、半夏（用冷水洗去滑腻）、川芎、白芷、石膏（均生用，各等分）。
以上研为细末，用韭菜自然汁研磨，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用七丸，增至十丸，嚼食生葱、茶送下，饭后服用，每日两次。（陈氏曾治疗邓安人头痛如破，诸药无效，加入北细辛等量，全蝎减半制丸，服用二十粒，立即痊愈。）
药隐老人说：如果头痛连及牙齿，时发时止，连年不断。这是由于风寒侵入骨髓，停留不去。脑为髓海，所以头痛牙齿也痛，称为厥逆头痛。宜用白附子散，并灸曲鬓穴。此穴在耳朵上方，将耳朵掩住前正尖处，可灸七壮，左侧痛灸左侧，右侧痛灸右侧。
白附子散
白附子（炮制，一两）、乌头（炮制，去皮脐）、天南星（炮制）、麻黄（不去根节，各半两）、干姜（炮制）、辰砂（研细，各二钱半）、全蝎（炒，五枚）、麝香（另研，一字）。
以上研为细末，每次服用一钱，温酒调服，不限时候。
治疗头风痛不可忍受。
硝石、人中白、脑子（冰片，各等分）。
以上研至极细，每次用一字量，搐入鼻中。
川芎茶调散 治疗各种风邪上攻，头目昏重，偏头痛或正头痛。
薄荷（八两）、川芎、荆芥（各四两）、羌活、白芷、防风、甘草（炙，各二两）、细辛（一两）。
以上研为末，每次服用二钱，饭后用清茶调服。
如圣饼子 （出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）治疗男女气厥，上盛下虚，痰饮风寒，潜伏留滞于阳经，偏头痛或正头痛，痛连头顶，呕吐恶心，闭目耳聋。常服可清头目，消风化痰暖胃。
防风、生半夏、天麻（各半两）、天南星（洗）、川乌（去皮尖）、干姜（各一两）、川芎、甘草（炙，各二两）。
研为细末，用热水浸透的蒸饼调和，制成鸡头实大小的丸剂，搓成饼状，晒干。每次服用五饼，同荆芥穗三五茎细细咀嚼，茶、酒或汤任其选择送下，不限时候。
如果头痛伴有筋脉拘挛，身体沉重，气短，呃逆嗳气，腹部胀满，时常惊恐，不愿卧床休息，咳嗽烦闷，脉象轻取则弦，重按则坚硬，这是由于肾气不足，寒气内着，气逆上行，称为肾厥头痛。宜用玉真丸与硫黄丸。
玉真丸
硫黄（研，三两）、硝石（二分，研）、石膏（研）、半夏（汤洗，为末，各一两）。
以上研匀，用生姜自然汁打糊，制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。生姜汤送下三十丸。另一版本，无半夏，有天南星。
硫黄丸 治疗头痛不可忍受，或头风日久突发，无所不治，服用此方可除根。
硝石（一两）、硫黄（二两）。
以上研至极细，滴水制成手指大小的丸剂。空腹，嚼碎蜡茶清送下一丸。《百一方》说：中暑者，用冰水送服，咽下即觉清爽。治疗伤冷，用艾叶汤送下。
裕陵传述王荆公治疗偏头痛的方子，说是宫廷秘方。用生萝卜汁一蚬壳量，仰卧滴入鼻中，左侧痛滴左侧，右侧痛滴右侧，或两鼻皆滴亦可，数十年患病，一次滴注即愈。
[Commentary by Xue Ji] Li Dongyuan stated: For Taiyang channel headache (headache of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Channel), with a floating and tight pulse, aversion to wind and cold, Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong Radix), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo), and Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) are the main herbs. For Shaoyang channel headache (headache of the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao Channel), with a string-taut and fine pulse, alternating chills and fever, Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) is the main herb. For Yangming channel headache (headache of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Channel), with body heat, eye pain, nasal dryness, aversion to cold and fever, and a floating, moderate, and long pulse, Shengma Tang (Cimicifugae Decoction, composed of Cimicifugae Rhizoma [Shengma] and Puerariae Radix [Gegen]), or Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi) are the main herbs. For Taiyang channel headache (headache of the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Channel), accompanied by phlegm, heavy body, or abdominal pain, constituting Phlegm-Pi syndrome (accumulation of phlegm and qi), with a deep and moderate pulse, Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), and Pinelliae Ternatae Rhizoma (Tianxing) are the main herbs. For Shaoyin channel headache (headache of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Channel), with cold feet and rebellious qi, constituting Cold-Jue syndrome (cold extremities due to yang deficiency), with a deep and fine pulse, Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Prepared Aconite Root, and Asarum Decoction, from the Taiyang chapter of Shanghan Lun) is the main formula. For Jueyin channel headache (headache of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Channel), presenting with head and nape pain, vomiting of saliva/foam, cold limbs, and a floating and moderate pulse, Wuzhuyu Tang (Evodia Fruit Decoction, from the Vomiting/Dysentery chapter of Shanghan Lun) is indicated. For all blood-deficiency headaches, Danggui Radix (Danggui) and Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) are the main herbs. For all qi-deficiency headaches, Ginseng Radix (Renshen) and Astragali Radix (Huangqi) are the main herbs. For combined qi- and blood-deficiency headaches, Zhongyi Yiqi Tang (Middle-Jiao Qi-Nourishing Decoction, from miscellaneous diseases of fatigue/labor) is used, with small additions of Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Viticis Fructus (Manjing), and Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin). For Phlegm-Jue headache, Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Gastrodia Decoction, from miscellaneous dizziness syndromes) is used. For Jue-ni headache, Qianghuo Fuzi Tang (Notopterygium and Prepared Aconite Root Decoction, from miscellaneous headache syndromes) is used. If dampness resides in the head, bitter herbs should be used to induce vomiting; one must not rigidly adhere to a fixed formula. If the pulse is chaotic and symptoms are inconsistent, tonifying the Stomach should be the primary approach. One woman suffered from tinnitus, headache, and fatigue due to overwork; she was cured using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) with Ophiopogonis Tuber (Maidong) and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi). Three years later, after childbirth, due to dietary irregularity and overwork, her previous symptoms worsened, accompanied by irregular menstruation, afternoon tidal fever, internal heat, spontaneous sweating, and night sweats; she was rapidly cured using Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) and Buzhong Yiqi Tang. The Classics state: "Headache and tinnitus, with dysfunction of the nine orifices, arise from the intestines and stomach." Therefore, when the Spleen and Stomach are deficient, the ears, eyes, and nine orifices all suffer pathology. Another woman had pain in the supraorbital ridges spreading to the temporal region, with a greenish complexion and irritability; this was a Liver-channel Wind-Heat syndrome, cured using Xuanqi Tang (Select Extraordinary Decoction, from miscellaneous headache syndromes) combined with Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder, for regulating menstruation), plus Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin). If this syndrome is neglected, it often leads to eye damage or purulent discharge from both ears, which is critical.
Xuanfu Hua Tang (Inula Flower Decoction): Xu Shuwei stated: Among women suffering from Toufeng (Wind-Feng/headache disorder), half experience it; each attack involves dizziness and vertigo, as if on a cart or boat. This is due to blood deficiency and Wind pathogen invading the Liver. I once prescribed Xuanfu Hua Tang; prepared and taken according to this formula, it is far more effective than other medicines.
Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, remove rhizome), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, remove rhizome), Inulae Flos (Xuanfu), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, remove seedlings), Viticis Fructus (Manjing), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, remove rhizome), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix (Ben, remove rhizome), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie), Fermented Pinelliae Tuber (Banqu), Dry Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each half liang).
Coarsely crush, take five qian per dose, add one and a half sheng of water and five slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), decoct until seven parts remain, strain, and take warm. Administer twice daily.
Qisheng Wan (Seven Raw Pills): Treats eight types of Toufeng in men and women, as well as all headaches, Phlegm-Jue, Qi-Jue, Fluid-Jue, headache from Cold Damage (Shanghan), and severe headache from Wind-Cold invasion.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Chuanniantou), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix (Caowantou), Pinelliae Ternatae Rhizoma (Tianxing - these three raw, remove skin), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, wash off slipperiness with cold water), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao - all used raw, equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, mix with fresh juice of Allium tuberosum (Leek/Jiucai), form pills like paulownia seeds. Take seven pills initially, increase to ten, chew raw scallion and tea to swallow. Take after meals, twice daily. (Chen once treated Lady Deng with headache as if breaking, unresponsive to other drugs; he added equal parts Northern Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Beixixin) and half dose of Scorpio (Quanxie) in the pill. After taking twenty pills, she was immediately cured.)
Old Man Yaoyin said: If headache extends to the teeth, occurring intermittently without cessation for years, this is due to Wind-Cold penetrating the bone marrow and lingering there. The brain is the sea of marrow, so headache causes tooth pain, termed Jue-ni headache. Use Baofuzi San (White Typhonium Powder) and moxa the Qubin acupoint. This point is above the ear; cover the ear forward to the tip, moxa seven moxibustion units (zhuang); left pain moxa left, right pain moxa right.
Baofuzi San
Typhonii Rhizoma Praeparatum (Baofuzi, processed, one liang), Aconiti Radix (Wutou, processed, remove skin and umbilicus), Pinelliae Ternatae Rhizoma (Tianxing, processed), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, do not remove roots and nodes, each half liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, processed), Cinnabaris (Chensha, ground, each two and a half qian), Scorpio (Quanxie, fried, five pieces), Moschus (Shexiang, separately ground, one zi).
Grind into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with warm wine, at any time.
Treats unbearable Toufeng pain.
Nux Vomeris (Xiaoshi), Hominis Odoratus Cinis (Renzhongbai), Borax/Borneolum Syntheticum (Naozi - equal parts).
Grind extremely fine. Use one zi amount, insufflate into the nose.
Chuanxiong Chatiao San (Chuanxiong Tea-Tonifying Powder): Treats various Winds attacking upward, causing heavy/dizzy head and eyes, lateral or central headache.
Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, eight liang), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, each four liang), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each two liang), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, one liang).
Grind into powder. Take two qian per dose, mixed with clear tea after meals.
Rusheng Bingzi (Like-Sage Cakes, from Heji Ju Fang): Treats Qi-Jue in men and women, excess above and deficiency below, fluid retention, Wind-Cold lurking in Yang channels, lateral or central headache, pain extending to the vertex, vomiting, nausea, closed eyes, deafness. Regular use clears the head and eyes, dissipates Wind, resolves phlegm, and warms the Stomach.
Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Raw Pinelliae Tuber (Shengbanxia), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma, each half liang), Pinelliae Ternatae Rhizoma (Tianxing, washed), Aconiti Radix (Chuanwu, remove skin and tip), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, each one liang), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried, each two liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix with steamed dough soaked in hot water, form pills like Euryale Seed (Qianshi), shape into cakes, sun-dry. Take five cakes per dose, chew finely with three to five stems of Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie), swallow with tea, wine, or water, at any time.
If headache is accompanied by tendon spasms, heavy bones, shortness of breath, hiccups/belching, abdominal fullness, frequent fright, reluctance to lie down, cough, and vexation, with a pulse that is string-taut on light pressure and stone-hard on deep pressure, this is due to Kidney Qi deficiency with internal stagnation, and rebellious Qi moving upward, termed Kidney-Jue headache. Use Yuzhen Wan and Liuhuang Wan.
Yuzhen Wan
Sulfur (Liuhuang, ground, three liang), Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi, two fen, ground), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, ground), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia, washed in boiling water, ground, each one liang).
Grind evenly, make paste with fresh juice of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), form pills like paulownia seeds. Take thirty pills with Ginger Decoction. Another version has no Banxia but includes Pinelliae Ternatae Rhizoma (Tianxing).
Liuhuang Wan (Sulfur Pill): Treats unbearable headache, or chronic Toufeng suddenly exacerbated, treating all such conditions to eradicate the root.
Natrii Sulfas (Xiaoshi, one liang), Sulfur (Liuhuang, two liang).
Grind extremely fine, add drops of water to form pills the size of a finger. On an empty stomach, chew one pill with wax-tea infusion. Baiyi Fang states: For Heatstroke, take with ice water; upon swallowing, one feels refreshed. For Cold Injury, take with Mugwort Decoction.
The Yu Ling lineage transmitted Wang Jinggong's prescription for migraines, claiming it was a secret palace formula. Use fresh juice of Raphanus Sativus (Radish/Luobo) one shell volume. Lie supine and instill into the nostril: left pain into left nostril, right pain into right nostril, or both. Those suffering for decades were cured with a single instillation.