〔大〕夫产后小便数者，乃气虚不能制故也。
〔薛〕前证若因稳婆不慎，以致胞损而小便淋沥者。用八珍汤以补气血。若因膀胱
气虚而小便频数，当补脾肺。若膀胱阴虚而小便淋沥，须补肺肾。一产妇小便频数，时
复寒战，乃属脾肺虚弱。用补中益气汤加山茱、山药为主，佐以桑螵蛸散而愈。后患发
热晡热，盗汗自汗，月水不调，用加味逍遥散而安。一产妇患前证，吐痰发热，日晡
作渴，此膀胱阴虚。用补中益气汤，以六味丸而愈。又患痢后小便频数，手足俱冷，属
阳气虚寒，用前汤及八味丸而瘳。
桑螵蛸散 （《千金》）治产后小便数及遗尿。
桑螵蛸（三十枚，煨） 鹿茸（酥炙） 黄 （各三两） 牡蛎（煨） 人参 浓朴
赤石脂（各二两）
上为末，空心粥饮调下二钱。（《外台》无浓朴、石脂，有甘草、生姜。）
栝蒌汤 （《集验》）疗产后小便数兼渴。
桑螵蛸 甘草（并炙） 黄连 生姜（各二两） 栝蒌根（三两） 人参（三两） 大枣（五十枚）
上细切，用水七升，煮二升半，分三服。忌猪肉、冷水。
《补遗》疗产后小便数，或遗尿。益智仁（为末，）米饮调服。
〔陈〕妇人产蓐产理不顺，致伤膀胱，遗尿无时。
〔丹〕尝见收生者不谨，损破产妇尿脬，致病淋沥，遂成废疾。一日有徐妇年壮难产
得此，因思肌肉破伤在外者，宜可补完，胞虽在腹，恐亦可治。遂诊其脉虚甚，予曰∶难
产之由，多是气虚，产后血气尤虚，试与峻补。因以参、 为君，芎、归为臣，桃仁、陈
皮、黄 、茯苓为佐，煎以猪、羊胞中汤，极饥时饮之。但剂小率用一两，至一月而安。盖
令气血骤长，其胞自完，恐稍缓亦难成功矣。
〔乔町〕妇人产后尿不禁，面微浮，略发热于午后，此膀胱为坐婆所伤。
黄 归身尾 芍药（各一钱半） 白术（一钱） 人参 陈皮（各五分） 甘草（炙，少许）
上水煎，热服之。
〔薛〕前证若脾肺阳虚，用补中益气汤。若肝肾阴虚，用六味地黄丸。若肝肾之气虚
寒，用八味地黄丸。一产妇小便不禁，二年不愈，面色或青赤、或黄白，此肝脾气虚
血热，用加味逍遥散为主，渐愈，佐以六味地黄丸而痊。后因怒，小便自遗，大便不实，
左目顿紧，面色顿赤，仍用前散，佐以六君子汤，以清肝火，生肝血，培脾土而痊。
《广济》疗产后小便不禁。
鸡尾毛烧存性，酒调下一匕，日三服。
《千金》治产后遗尿不知出。
白薇 芍药（各等分）
为末，酒服方寸匕，日三。
又方
桑螵蛸（半两，炒） 龙骨（一两）
上为末，食前粥饮调下二钱。
固脬散 治妇人临产时伤手脬破，小便不禁。
黄丝绢（自然黄者，染黄者不用。三尺，以炭灰汁煮极烂，以清水洗去灰，令净，
入黄蜡半两，蜜一两，白茅根二钱，马屁勃末二钱）
上用水二升，再煎至一盏，空心顿服。服时饮气服之，不得作声，如作声无效。
补遗补脬饮 治产后伤动脬破，终日不小便，但淋湿不干。
生丝绢（黄色者，一尺） 白牡丹根皮木 白芨（各一钱）
用水一碗，煎至绢烂如饧服之，勿作声，作声无效。
鸡内金散 治产后溺床失禁。
以鸡 一具，并肠，洗、烧为末，酒调服方寸匕。
【大】妇女产后出现小便频数的症状，是由于气虚不能固摄尿液所致。
【薛】上述病症如果是因为接生婆不慎操作，导致膀胱（胞）受损而小便淋漓不尽的，使用八珍汤来补益气血。如果是因膀胱气虚而导致小便频繁，应当补益脾肺。若是膀胱阴虚导致小便淋漓，必须补益肺肾。有一位产妇小便频繁，时常伴有寒战，这属于脾肺虚弱。以补中益气汤加山茱萸、山药为主药，佐以桑螵蛸散治疗而痊愈。后来患者出现发热、午后潮热、盗汗和自汗，月经不调，使用加味逍遥散调理而安定。另一位产妇患前述病症，呕吐痰涎、发热，傍晚时分口渴，这是膀胱阴虚的表现。使用补中益气汤配合六味丸治疗而痊愈。又有一位患者在痢疾后出现小便频繁，手足俱冷，属于阳气虚寒，使用前方的汤剂及八味丸治疗而病愈。
桑螵蛸散（出自《千金方》）：治疗产后小便频数及遗尿。
药材：桑螵蛸（三十枚，煨制）、鹿茸（用酥炙烤）、黄芪（各三两）、牡蛎（煨制）、人参、厚朴、赤石脂（各二两）。
制法与用法：以上药物研为细末，空腹时用米粥汁调服二钱。（注：《外台秘要》中无厚朴、赤石脂，有甘草、生姜。）
栝蒌汤（出自《集验方》）：治疗产后小便频数兼有口渴。
药材：桑螵蛸、甘草（均炙烤）、黄连、生姜（各二两）、栝蒌根（三两）、人参（三两）、大枣（五十枚）。
制法与用法：将药物细细切碎，用水七升，煮取二升半，分三次服用。忌食猪肉、冷水。
《补遗》：治疗产后小便频数，或遗尿。益智仁（研为细末），用米饮调服。
【陈】妇人在产褥期因产理不顺，导致损伤膀胱，出现随时遗尿的症状。
【丹】我曾见到接生者不谨慎，损伤了产妇的膀胱（尿脬），导致疾病表现为小便淋漓，最终成为废疾。有一天遇到一位徐姓妇女，年轻但难产得了此病，我思考道：肌肉在外部的破损尚可修补完整，膀胱虽在腹内，恐怕也可以治疗。于是诊察她的脉象非常虚弱，我说：“难产的原因，多是气虚，产后气血更加虚弱，试着给予峻猛的补益。”因此以人参、黄芪为君药，川芎、当归为臣药，桃仁、陈皮、黄芪、茯苓为佐药，用猪、羊膀胱中的汤液煎药，在极度饥饿时饮用。虽然剂量较小，通常只用一两，但坚持一个月后病情安定。这是因为让气血迅速增长，其膀胱自然修复，恐怕稍微缓慢也难以成功。
【乔町】妇人产后小便失禁，面部轻微浮肿，午后略有发热，这是膀胱被接生婆所伤所致。
处方：黄芪、当归身尾、芍药（各一钱半）、白术（一钱）、人参、陈皮（各五分）、甘草（炙烤，少许）。
制法与用法：用水煎煮，热服。
【薛】上述病症如果是脾肺阳虚，使用补中益气汤。如果是肝肾阴虚，使用六味地黄丸。如果是肝肾之气虚寒，使用八味地黄丸。有一位产妇小便失禁，两年未愈，面色有时青赤、有时黄白，这是肝脾气虚血热，以加味逍遥散为主药，逐渐痊愈，佐以六味地黄丸而康复。后来因为发怒，出现小便自遗，大便不成形，左眼突然紧绷，面色突然发红，仍然使用前方（加味逍遥散），佐以六君子汤，以清肝火，生肝血，培补脾土而痊愈。
《广济方》：治疗产后小便失禁。
鸡尾毛烧至存性，用酒调服一匕，每日三次。
《千金方》：治疗产后遗尿不知排出。
白薇、芍药（各等分）。
制法与用法：研为细末，用酒送服方寸匕，每日三次。
又一方：
桑螵蛸（半两，炒制）、龙骨（一两）。
制法与用法：以上研为细末，饭前用米粥汁调服二钱。
固脬散：治疗妇人临产时手部损伤膀胱破裂，小便失禁。
药材：黄丝绢（自然的黄色者，染黄的不用。三尺，用炭灰汁煮至极烂，用清水洗去灰，令其洁净，加入黄蜡半两、蜜一两、白茅根二钱、马屁勃末二钱）。
制法与用法：用水二升，再次煎至一盏量，空腹顿服。服药时要屏住呼吸服用，不得出声，如果出声则无效。
补遗补脬饮：治疗产后伤动膀胱破裂，整天不小便，只是淋湿不干。
药材：生丝绢（黄色者，一尺）、白牡丹根皮木、白芨（各一钱）。
制法与用法：用水一碗，煎至丝绢烂如糖稀状服用，不要出声，出声则无效。
[Da] Postpartum urinary frequency is caused by Qi deficiency failing to control and retain urine.
[Xue] If the aforementioned condition results from the midwife's negligence causing damage to the bladder (Baopao), leading to dribbling urine, use Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasure Decoction) to tonify Qi and Blood. If frequent urination is due to Bladder Qi deficiency, one should tonify the Spleen and Lung. If dribbling urine is due to Bladder Yin deficiency, one must tonify the Lung and Kidney. A postpartum patient presented with frequent urination and occasional chills, which belongs to Spleen and Lung Qi deficiency. The main treatment was Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Cornus officinalis (Shanzhuyu) and Dioscorea opposita (Shanyao), assisted by Sangpiaoxiao San (Mantis Egg-case Powder), resulting in a cure. Later, she suffered from fever, afternoon tidal fever, night sweats, and spontaneous sweating, along with irregular menstruation; Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) brought stability. Another postpartum patient suffered from the aforementioned condition, with vomiting of phlegm, fever, and thirst in the late afternoon, indicating Bladder Yin deficiency. She was cured using Buzhong Yiqi Tang combined with Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia). Another patient developed frequent urination after dysentery, with cold hands and feet, belonging to Yang Qi deficiency and cold; she recovered using the aforementioned decoction and Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill with Cinnamon and Aconite).
Sangpiaoxiao San (from *Qianjin Fang*): Treats postpartum urinary frequency and enuresis.
Ingredients: Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg-case, 30 pieces, roasted), Lurong (Deer Antler, prepared with butter), Huangqi (Astragalus Root, each 3 liang), Muli (Oyster Shell, roasted), Renshen (Ginseng), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Chishizhi (Red Halloysite, each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, take 2 qian with millet porridge drink on an empty stomach. (Note: *Waitai Miyao* excludes Houpo and Chishizhi, adding Gancao and Shengjiang.)
Gualou Tang (from *Jiyan Fang*): Treats postpartum urinary frequency accompanied by thirst.
Ingredients: Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg-case), Gancao (Licorice Root, both roasted), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, each 2 liang), Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root, 3 liang), Renshen (Ginseng, 3 liang), Dazao (Jujube, 50 pieces).
Preparation and Administration: Finely chop, boil in 7 sheng of water until reduced to 2.5 sheng, divide into three doses. Avoid pork and cold water.
*Buyi*: Treats postpartum urinary frequency or enuresis. Yizhiren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit) ground into powder, taken with millet drink.
[Chen] Women during the puerperium may suffer from improper labor mechanics, injuring the bladder, leading to involuntary urination at any time.
[Dan] I have seen cases where careless delivery attendants damaged the postpartum woman's bladder (Niaopao), causing dribbling urine that became a chronic disability. One day, a Mrs. Xu, young but suffering from difficult labor, contracted this disease. I reasoned that external muscle tears can be repaired; although the bladder is internal, it might also be treatable. Her pulse was extremely deficient. I stated, "Difficult labor is often due to Qi deficiency, and postpartum Qi and Blood are even more deficient; let us try vigorous tonification." Thus, Renshen (Ginseng) and Huangqi (Astragalus) were used as Sovereign herbs, Chuanxiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) as Ministers, Taoren (Peach Kernel), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Huangqi (Astragalus), and Fuling (Poria) as Assistants. The decoction was prepared using broth from pig or sheep bladders, administered when extremely hungry. Although the dose was small, typically only 1 liang, she stabilized after one month. This allowed Qi and Blood to grow rapidly, allowing the bladder to heal naturally; slower progress would likely fail.
[Qiaoting] Postpartum urinary incontinence with slight facial edema and mild afternoon fever indicates bladder injury by the midwife.
Prescription: Huangqi (Astragalus), Danggui weishi (Angelica Sinensis root and tail), Shaoyao (Peony Root, each 1.5 qian), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 1 qian), Renshen (Ginseng), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, each 0.5 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, a little).
Preparation and Administration: Decoct in water, take hot.
[Xue] If the aforementioned condition is due to Spleen and Lung Yang deficiency, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang. If due to Liver and Kidney Yin deficiency, use Liuwadihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia). If due to Liver and Kidney Qi deficiency and cold, use Baweidi huang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill with Cinnamon and Aconite). A postpartum patient had urinary incontinence for two years without cure, with complexion alternating between cyanotic-red and yellow-white, indicating Liver and Spleen Qi deficiency with Blood heat. She improved gradually using Jiawei Xiaoyao San as the main formula, assisted by Liuwadihuang Wan, achieving recovery. Later, due to anger, she experienced spontaneous urinary leakage, loose stools, sudden tightness in the left eye, and flushed complexion. She again used the former formula, assisted by Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction), to clear Liver fire, generate Liver Blood, and fortify Spleen Earth, resulting in a cure.
*Guangji Fang*: Treats postpartum urinary incontinence.
Chicken tail feathers carbonized to preserve efficacy, taken with wine, one bi per dose, three times daily.
*Qianjin Fang*: Treats postpartum enuresis with unawareness of urination.
Baiwei (Cynanchum Atratum Root), Shaoyao (Peony Root, equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, take with wine, one fangcun bi per dose, three times daily.
Another Formula:
Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg-case, half liang, stir-fried), Longgu (Fossilized Bones, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, take 2 qian with millet porridge drink before meals.
Guopao San: Treats women who injure their bladder during childbirth, causing rupture and urinary incontinence.
Ingredients: Yellow silk fabric (natural yellow, not dyed; 3 chi, boiled thoroughly in charcoal ash lye, washed clean with clear water, then mixed with Banliang Huangla (Yellow Beeswax), 1 liang Honey, 2 qian Baimaogen (Imperata Rhizome), 2 qian Mapibo powder).
Preparation and Administration: Boil in 2 sheng of water until reduced to 1 zhen, take all at once on an empty stomach. While taking, hold breath and do not make sound; if sound is made, it is ineffective.
Buyi Bupao Yin: Treats postpartum bladder injury and rupture, inability to urinate for a whole day, only wetting without voiding.
Ingredients: Raw silk fabric (yellow, 1 chi), Bai Mudan Genpimu (Tree Peony Root Bark), Baiji (Bletilla Rhizome, each 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Boil in 1 bowl of water until the silk dissolves like syrup, take while warm. Do not make sound; if sound is made, it is ineffective.
Jineijin San: Treats postpartum bed-wetting and incontinence.
Take one chicken gizzard (Jineijin), including the intestine, wash, roast into powder, take with wine, one fangcun bi per dose.