《心鉴》曰∶古《方书》言儿始生落草，服汞粉、朱砂、白蜜、黄连，欲下胎毒，
今人率承用之，不知今人禀受摄养，与古人不同，其药乃伤脾败阳之药，若与儿服，
后必生异证，只宜用淡豆豉煎浓汁，与三五口，其毒自下，又能助养脾气，消化乳
食。然古人之法，终不可湮没，今人用之而效者多，或不至如《心鉴》所云者，今
次第列于左方。
张涣云∶婴儿初生第一日，才断脐 袍讫，看儿形色，若面红润色赤，啼声响
快者，宜用汞粉法，良久，有脐粪便下，为佳。次用甘草法，次用朱蜜法，临时更
看形色，若面色多青白，啼声不响，即不须服，次用牛黄法。古方又有黄连法、韭
汁法、猪乳法等，在人看儿寒热怯壮，择所宜而用之尔。
甘草法 用好原州甘草中指一节许，拍碎，以水二蚬壳，煎一蚬壳，以绵缠蘸，
令儿吮之，若吐出恶汁，为佳。若服一蚬壳不吐，即不须更服。不问婴儿虚实寒热，
皆须服之。（《肘后方》吐后更与，两服吐止，须尽一合。）薛氏预以甘草细切少许，临产时以
绵裹，沸汤盏内覆温，收生之际，以软绵裹指，蘸甘草汁拭其口，次用黄连法、朱蜜法。
黄连法 《集验方》初生儿恶汁留胸膈壅塞，易生蕴热惊痫疮疖，用好肥黄连数
块，槌碎，绵裹如奶头状，汤内浸成黄汁，拈摭一二点儿口中，恶汁自下，乳食便
美，未尽，用空绵别浸黄连后，以朱蜜间与之。海藏方，净黄连一钱，水一盏，预
先煎下，待儿生未出声时，便用灌下，以去腹中恶物脐屎，兼解胎中蕴积热毒，终
身不生疮，又去脐风等病。
韭汁法 《本草》云∶儿初生，与韭根汁灌之，即吐出恶水。《圣惠方》甘草后，
暖水浸韭子汁涂儿唇上，干又涂，数次止，不令入口。
朱蜜法 好朱砂一大豆许，细研，水飞，炼赤蜜一蚬壳，看稀稠，和成膏。每
用一豆大，乳汁化下，时时滴口中，三日内，止三粒。临时更看形色，若面色多青
白，啼声不响，即不须服。
牛黄法 《千金方》朱蜜竟，与牛黄，不独益肝胆，除热定精神，止惊辟恶气，
又除百病。张涣法，真牛黄一块，好蜜炼熟和成膏。每服一豆大，乳汁化，时时滴
口中。形色不实者不宜多服，若婴儿胎热，或身体黄色，宜多服之。
汞粉法 张涣方儿红润色赤，啼声响快者，用汞粉半钱，旋旋令儿吮之，良久，
有脐粪便下，为佳。《宝鉴》银粉抹口舌上下左右两颊，然后饲朱蜜。
猪乳法 婴儿初生至盈月内，常时时旋取猪乳滴口中佳。猪儿饮母次，便提后
脚离乳，急捋之，即得。
脐带法 用本儿落下脐带，瓦上焙燥，为末，入辰砂、黄连、甘草，各末五分，
和匀蜜拌。做三五次涂乳母乳上，俟儿吞之，必使一日夜吞尽，次日，恶毒皆从大
便而出，日后不但痘疹稀疏，竟有不出痘者，俟脐带落下，即便制服，在六七日之
间为妙。其辰砂必须研极细末，以甘草汤飞过，任服无害。此方一以解毒，一以补
养，盖脐带乃有生初之河车也，系于母之命门，两肾之所主，乃以肾补肾，肾既充
足，即不受邪，故无他日变黑归肾之证，亦无囟门不合之疾，生一儿即得一儿，真
保生第一良法。
藏衣法 （即胞衣）崔氏云∶儿衣清水洗，勿令沙土草污，又清酒洗之，仍内钱一
文在衣中，盛新瓶内，青绵裹瓶口，密盖，置便宜处三日，后根据月吉地向阳高燥处，
入地三尺埋之，瓶上土浓一尺七寸，须牢筑，令儿长寿智能，若不谨，为猪狗食，
令颠狂。虫蚁食，令病恶疮。犬鸟食，令兵死。近社庙，令见鬼。近深水污池，令
溺死。近故灶，令惊惕。近井傍，令聋盲。弃道路街巷，令绝嗣。当门户，令声不
出耳聋。着水流下，令青盲。弃火里，令生烂疮。着林木头，令自绞死。此忌须慎。
每于天德月空处埋之（正月天德在丁，月空在，丙壬，余详官本历日）若遇反支，宜挂宅外福德
上向阳高燥处，待过月，然后根据法埋藏，吉。甲乙日生，丙丁日藏。丙丁日生，戊巳日
藏。戊巳日生，庚辛日藏。庚辛日生，壬癸日藏，吉。
刹头法 《集验方》云∶小儿初剃头，俱不择日，皆于盈月日剃之，盖风俗所尚，
前产妇未得出房，于盈月即与儿俱出，谓胎发秽恶，有触神灶，令小儿不安，故于
此日必剃头而出。凡剃头，就温暖避风处，仍剃后须以杏仁三枚去皮尖研碎，入薄
荷三叶再同研，却入生麻油三四滴，腻粉拌和，头上擦，以避风邪，免生疮疥热毒，
其后小儿，亦宜此法。
附方
〔海〕百寿散 小儿初生未盈月已里用之者，老无疮疥。
黄连（一两） 朱砂（一钱）
上水煎。令老母拭去口涎净，灌下。余药倾盆中浴儿，遍身搽，妙。
《颅囟》儿初生日与平和饮子 （《指迷》儿生三日后，与母服。）
人参 茯苓 甘草 升麻（各二钱五分）
水一盏，煎一合半。时时与之。乳母忌油腻。盈月及百 ，如时冷加白术，热
加硝，各半钱。
《心鉴》说：古代医书记载，婴儿刚出生落地时，服用汞粉、朱砂、白蜜、黄连，目的是排出胎毒。现在的人大多沿袭使用这种方法，却不知道现代人的体质禀赋和调养方式与古人不同，这些药物是损伤脾胃、败坏阳气的药，如果给婴儿服用，日后必定产生各种奇怪的病症。只适宜用淡豆豉煎煮成浓汁，喂婴儿喝三五口，胎毒自然能排出，又能帮助滋养脾气，消化乳食。然而古人的方法终究不能被埋没，现在人使用而见效的很多，或者不至于像《心鉴》所说的那样严重，现将这些方法依次列在下面。
张涣说：婴儿出生后第一天，剪断脐带并包裹好袍服后，观察婴儿的面色形态，如果面色红润赤红，啼哭声响亮轻快，适宜用汞粉法，过一段时间，如果有脐粪排泄出来，就是好现象。接着用甘草法，再用朱蜜法，临时更要看面色形态，如果面色多呈青白色，啼声不响亮，就不必服药，接着用牛黄法。古方中还有黄连法、韭汁法、猪乳法等，根据婴儿的寒热强弱情况，选择适宜的方法使用即可。
甘草法：选用好的原州甘草，约中指一节长，拍碎，用水二蚬壳量，煎至一蚬壳量，用绵絮缠绕手指蘸取药汁，让婴儿吮吸，如果吐出恶浊之汁，就是好现象。如果服用一蚬壳量而不吐，就不必再服。不论婴儿虚实寒热，都必须服用。（《肘后方》记载：呕吐后继续给予，两次服药呕吐停止后，需服完一合量。）薛氏预先将甘草细切少许，临产时用绵裹住，放在沸水杯中覆盖保温，接生时，用软绵裹住手指，蘸甘草汁擦拭婴儿口腔，接着用黄连法、朱蜜法。
黄连法：《集验方》记载，初生儿恶浊之汁留在胸膈导致壅塞，容易生蕴热、惊痫、疮疖，选用好的肥黄连数块，捣碎，用绵裹成奶头状，在汤中浸泡成黄汁，捻起一二点儿入婴儿口中，恶浊之汁自然排出，乳食就会变得美味，若未排尽，用空绵另外浸泡黄连后，再用朱蜜交替给予。海藏方，净黄连一钱，水一盏，预先煎好，等婴儿出生尚未出声时，便灌下去，以去除腹中恶物、脐屎，兼解胎中蕴积的热毒，终身不生疮，又去脐风等疾病。
韭汁法：《本草》说：婴儿刚出生，用韭菜根汁灌服，就会吐出恶水。《圣惠方》记载，用甘草法后，用温水浸泡韭子汁涂在婴儿嘴唇上，干了再涂，数次为止，不让入口。
朱蜜法：好朱砂一大豆大小，细细研磨，水飞法处理，炼过的赤蜜一蚬壳量，看稀稠程度，调和成膏。每次用一粒豆大小，用乳汁化开，时时滴入婴儿口中，三日内，最多三粒。临时更要看面色形态，如果面色多呈青白色，啼声不响亮，就不必服用。
牛黄法：《千金方》记载，朱蜜法结束后，给予牛黄，不仅有益肝胆，除热定神，止惊辟邪气，还能除百病。张涣法，真牛黄一块，好蜜炼熟调和成膏。每次服一粒豆大小，用乳汁化开，时时滴入婴儿口中。面色形态不实的不宜多服，如果婴儿有胎热，或身体发黄，适宜多服。
汞粉法：张涣方，婴儿面色红润赤红，啼声响亮轻快的，用汞粉半钱，慢慢让婴儿吮吸，过一段时间，如果有脐粪便排泄出来，就是好现象。《宝鉴》用银粉涂抹口舌上下左右两颊，然后饲喂朱蜜。
猪乳法：婴儿初生到满月内，经常随时取猪乳滴入婴儿口中较好。小猪吃奶时，提起后腿离乳，急捋挤，就能得到。
脐带法：用本婴儿落下的脐带，在瓦上焙干，研为末，加入辰砂、黄连、甘草，各五分末，混合均匀用蜜拌。分做三五次涂在母乳母乳头（此处原文“乳母乳”疑为笔误，结合语境应为涂于乳头或乳房附近供婴儿吞食，或指涂于母亲乳头，但后文说“俟儿吞之”，通常指直接涂于乳头或让婴儿接触），等待婴儿吞下，必须使一日一夜吞尽，第二天，恶毒都从大便排出，日后不但痘疹稀疏，甚至有不出痘的，等脐带脱落，就立即制服此法，在六七天之间最为巧妙。其中的辰砂必须研成极细末，用甘草汤飞过处理，任其服用无害。此方一方面解毒，一方面补养，因为脐带是有生命初始的河车，系于母亲的命门，由两肾所主，是以肾补肾，肾既充足，就不受邪气侵袭，所以没有日后变黑归肾的病症，也没有囟门不合的疾病，生一个儿子就保护一个儿子，真是保生的第一良法。
藏衣法（即胞衣）：崔氏说：婴儿的胞衣用清水洗，不要让沙土草屑污染，又用清酒洗它，仍然在里面放一文钱在衣中，装入新瓶内，用青绵包裹瓶口，严密盖好，放置在方便的地方三天，然后根据月吉日向阳高燥处，入地三尺埋之，瓶上土厚一尺七寸，必须牢固夯实，令婴儿长寿智能，如果不谨慎，被猪狗吃掉，令其颠狂。被虫蚁吃掉，令其患恶疮。被犬鸟吃掉，令其兵死。靠近社庙，令其见鬼。靠近深水污池，令其溺死。靠近旧灶，令其惊惕。靠近井边，令其聋盲。丢弃在道路街巷，令其绝嗣。对着门户，令其声不出耳聋。顺着水流向下，令其青盲。丢弃在火里，令其生烂疮。埋在木头里，令其自绞死。这些禁忌必须谨慎。每在天德月空的日子埋葬（正月天德在丁，月空在丙壬，其余详见官本历日）。如果遇到反支日，适宜挂在宅外福德位向阳高燥处，待过月后，然后根据方法埋藏，吉利。甲乙日生，丙丁日藏。丙丁日生，戊巳日藏。戊巳日生，庚辛日藏。庚辛日生，壬癸日藏，吉利。
刹头法：《集验方》说：小儿初次剃头，都不择日子，都在满月日剃头，这是风俗崇尚，前产妇还未出房，在满月时就与婴儿一起出来，认为胎发秽恶，会触犯神灶，令小儿不安，所以在此日必剃头而出。凡剃头，就在温暖避风处，剃后须用杏仁三枚去皮尖研碎，加入薄荷三叶再同研，却加入生麻油三四滴，腻粉拌和，在头上擦，以避风邪，免生疮疥热毒，其后的小儿，也适宜此法。
附方
〔海〕百寿散 小儿初生未满月已里使用的，年老无疮疥。
黄连（一两） 朱砂（一钱）
以上用水煎。令老妇人拭去口涎干净，灌下。余药倾盆中浴儿，遍身搽抹，妙。
《颅囟》儿初生日与平和饮子 （《指迷》儿生三日后，与母服。）
人参 茯苓 甘草 升麻（各二钱五分）
水一盏，煎至一合半。时时给予。乳母忌油腻。满月及百日，如时冷加白术，热加硝，各半钱。
Xin Jian (Mirror of the Heart) states: Ancient medical texts record that when a newborn infant first lands after birth, they are administered Calomel (Mercurous Chloride), Cinnabar, White Honey, and Coptis Rhizome to expel fetal toxins. People nowadays mostly follow this practice, unaware that modern people's constitutional endowment and nurturing methods differ from those of the ancients. These medicines are substances that damage the Spleen and deplete Yang Qi. If given to infants, they will inevitably lead to various strange syndromes later in life. It is only appropriate to decoct Light Fermented Soybean (Dan Dou Chi) into a thick liquid and feed the infant three or five mouthfuls; the toxins will naturally be expelled, and it can also assist in nourishing Spleen Qi and digesting milk and food. However, the methods of the ancients should not ultimately be obscured. Many people today use them with effect, or at least not as severely as described in Xin Jian. The following lists these methods in order.
Zhang Huan says: On the first day after an infant is born, once the umbilical cord is cut and the swaddling clothes are arranged, observe the infant's complexion and form. If the face is ruddy and red, and the crying sound is loud and brisk, the Calomel method is suitable. After some time, if umbilical feces are discharged, it is a good sign. Next, use the Licorice Root method, then the Cinnabar-Honey method. Temporarily, one must again look at the complexion and form. If the face is mostly cyan-white and the crying sound is not loud, there is no need to administer medicine; instead, use the Calculus Bovis method. Ancient prescriptions also include the Coptis Rhizome method, Leek Juice method, and Pig Milk method. One should choose the appropriate method based on whether the infant is cold or hot, timid or robust.
Licorice Root Method: Use good quality Yuanzhou Licorice Root (Gancao), about the length of one middle finger joint, crush it, add two shell-sized portions of water, and decoct until one shell-sized portion remains. Wrap cotton around a finger, dip it in the liquid, and let the infant suckle. If foul fluid is vomited out, it is auspicious. If one shell-sized portion is taken without vomiting, there is no need to take more. Regardless of whether the infant is deficient, excess, cold, or hot, this must be administered. (The Emergency Handbook [Zhouhou Fang] states: Administer again after vomiting; after two doses stop vomiting, ensure a full unit [he] is consumed.) Xue Shi pre-cut a small amount of fine Licorice Root, wrapped it in cotton before delivery, kept it warm by covering a cup of boiling water, and upon delivery, used soft cotton-wrapped fingers dipped in Licorice Root juice to wipe the infant's mouth, followed by the Coptis Rhizome method and the Cinnabar-Honey method.
Coptis Rhizome Method: The Collection of Proven Prescriptions [Jiyan Fang] records that foul fluid remaining in the chest and diaphragm of a newborn causes obstruction, easily leading to accumulated heat, fright convulsions, sores, and boils. Use several pieces of good quality fat Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), pound them, wrap them in cotton like a nipple shape, soak them in hot water until the liquid turns yellow, pinch out one or two drops into the infant's mouth, and the foul fluid will naturally discharge, making milk and food taste better. If not fully discharged, use empty cotton to soak Coptis Rhizome separately, then alternate with Cinnabar-Honey. Hai Zang Formula: Pure Coptis Rhizome one qian, one cup of water, decoct beforehand. When the infant is born but has not yet cried, administer immediately to remove foul matter and umbilical stool from the abdomen, and to resolve accumulated heat and toxins in the womb. This prevents sores for life and cures diseases such as neonatal tetanus (Umbilical Wind).
Leek Juice Method: The Materia Medica [Bencao] states: For a newborn, instill leek root juice, which will cause the expulsion of foul water. The Holy Benefit Formulas [Shenghui Fang] state: After the Licorice Root method, soak leek seeds in warm water to extract juice, apply to the infant's lips. Reapply when dry, stop after several times, ensuring it does not enter the mouth.
Cinnabar-Honey Method: Take good quality Cinnabar (Zhusha) the size of a large soybean, grind finely, process by water flotation (shui fei), mix with one shell-sized portion of refined red honey, adjusting consistency to form a paste. Each time, use a bean-sized amount, dissolve in breast milk, and drip into the infant's mouth occasionally. Within three days, limit to three grains. Temporarily check the complexion; if the face is mostly cyan-white and crying is weak, do not administer.
Calculus Bovis Method: The Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold [Qianjin Fang] states: After the Cinnabar-Honey method, administer Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang). Not only does it benefit the Liver and Gallbladder, clear heat, stabilize spirit, stop fright, and repel evil qi, but it also eliminates hundred diseases. Zhang Huan's method: One piece of genuine Calculus Bovis, mixed with refined honey into a paste. Each dose is bean-sized, dissolved in milk, and dripped into the mouth. Infants with insubstantial complexion/form should not take much. If the infant has fetal heat or yellowish body color, it is suitable to take more.
Calomel Method: Zhang Huan's formula: For infants with ruddy/red faces and loud/brisk cries, use half a qian of Calomel (Gongfen), letting the infant suckle slowly. After a while, if umbilical feces are discharged, it is auspicious. Baojian uses Silver Powder (Yinfen) applied to the upper and lower lips and both cheeks, then feed Cinnabar-Honey.
Pig Milk Method: From birth until one month old, frequently dripping pig milk into the infant's mouth is good. When a piglet is nursing, lift its hind legs off the teat and squeeze urgently to obtain milk.
Umbilical Cord Method: Use the umbilical cord dropped by the infant itself, bake dry on tiles, powder it, add Cinnabar (Chensha), Coptis Rhizome, and Licorice Root, each powdered to five fen, mix evenly with honey. Apply to the mother's nipple in three to five doses, waiting for the infant to swallow. Ensure all is swallowed within one day and night. The next day, all foul toxins will exit via stool. In the future, not only will smallpox/variolae be sparse, but some may not develop it at all. Once the umbilical cord falls off, immediately apply this method; doing so between the sixth and seventh days is optimal. The Cinnabar must be ground to an extremely fine powder and processed by floating in Licorice Root decoction (guo fei); it is harmless to take. This formula detoxifies and nourishes. The umbilical cord is the "Heche" (Placenta) of initial life, connected to the Mother Gate (Mingmen) of the mother, governed by the two Kidneys. Thus, it uses Kidney to tonify Kidney. Once the Kidney is sufficient, pathogens cannot invade, preventing future syndromes of blackening returning to the Kidney and fontanelle non-closure. Protecting one child protects one child; truly the best method for preservation of life.
Clothing Storage Method (i.e., Placenta): Cui Shi says: Wash the infant's placenta with clear water, avoiding sand, soil, or grass contamination. Wash again with clear wine, place a copper coin inside the clothing/placenta, put it in a new bottle, wrap the bottle mouth with green cotton, seal tightly, and place in a convenient spot for three days. Then, according to the auspicious lunar date, bury it three chi deep in a sunny, high, and dry place. Pile earth seven chi seven cun thick on the bottle, compact firmly, to grant the infant longevity and intelligence. If not careful, and it is eaten by pigs or dogs, it causes madness. Eaten by insects or ants, it causes malignant sores. Eaten by dogs or birds, it causes death by war. Near shrine temples, it causes hallucinations. Near deep dirty pools, it causes drowning. Near old stoves, it causes fright. Near wells, it causes deafness and blindness. Discarded on roads or alleys, it causes extinction of lineage. Facing the door, it causes voice loss and deafness. Flowing downstream, it causes amblyopia. Discarded in fire, it causes rotting sores. Buried in tree trunks, it causes strangulation. These taboos must be observed carefully. Bury on days of Tian De (Heavenly Virtue) and Yue Kong (Monthly Emptiness) (In the first month, Tian De is Ding, Yue Kong is Bing/Ren; see official almanacs for others). If encountering Fan Zhi (Reverse Branch) days, hang it outside the house at the Fu De (Fortune and Virtue) altar in a sunny, high, dry place. Wait until the month passes, then bury according to the method; this is auspicious. Born on Jia/Yi days, store on Bing/Ding days. Born on Bing/Ding days, store on Wu/Ji days. Born on Wu/Ji days, store on Geng/Xin days. Born on Geng/Xin days, store on Ren/Gui days; auspicious.
Head Shaving Method: The Collection of Proven Prescriptions [Jiyan Fang] states: A child's first head shave is not done on a specific day, but always on the full-month day, as per custom. The mother has not yet left her room, so she comes out with the infant on the full-month day. It is believed that lanugo hair is filthy and evil, offending the Kitchen God, causing infant unrest. Therefore, shaving the head on this day is mandatory before coming out. Whenever shaving the head, do so in a warm, wind-sheltered place. After shaving, take three almonds, remove skin and tips, grind finely, add three mint leaves, grind together, add three or four drops of raw sesame oil, mix with Nifen (likely Zinc Oxide or similar powder), and rub on the head to ward off wind pathogenic factors, preventing sores, scabies, and heat toxins. Subsequent children should also use this method.
Supplementary Formulas
[Ha] Baishou San (Hundred Longevity Powder): Used for infants under one month old; ensures no sores or scabies in old age.
Coptis Rhizome (one liang), Cinnabar (one qian).
Decoct in water. Have an old woman wipe the infant's saliva clean, then administer. Pour the remaining medicine into a basin to bathe the infant, and rub over the whole body; excellent.
Luxi [Cranial Fontanelle]: Give Pinghe Yinzi (Peaceful Decoction) on the first day of birth. ([Zhimi]: Give to the mother three days after birth.)
Ginseng Radix, Poria, Licorice Root, Cimicifugae Rhizome (each two qian five fen).
One cup of water, decoct to one he and a half. Administer occasionally. The nursing mother must avoid greasy food. At one month and one hundred days, if there is external cold, add Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome; if heat, add Natrii Sulfas (Xiao); each half a qian.