\r丁香\pd300.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主温脾胃，止霍乱拥胀，风毒诸肿，齿疳 。能发诸香。其根部风
毒肿。生交、广、南蕃。二月、八月采。
今注按广州送丁香图，树高丈余，叶似栎叶。花圆细，黄色，凌冬不凋。医家所用，唯
用根子如钉，长三、四分，紫色。中有粗大如山茱萸者，俗呼为母丁香。可入心腹之药尔。
以旧本丁香根注中，有不入心腹之用六字，恐其根必是有毒，故云不入心腹也。又按陈藏器
本草云∶丁香于其母丁香，主变白，以生姜汁研，拔去白须涂孔中，即异常黑也。（今附）
臣
禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶母丁香，击之则顺理而折两向，疗呕逆甚验。药性论云∶丁香，臣。
能主冷气腹痛。日华子云∶治口气反胃，鬼疰蛊毒，及疗肾气、贲豚气，阴痛，壮阳暖腰膝，
治
图经曰∶丁香，出交、广，南蕃，今唯广州有之。木类桂，高丈余，叶似栎，凌冬不凋。
花圆细，黄色。其子出枝，蕊上如钉子，长三、四分，紫色。其中有粗大如山茱萸者，谓之
母丁香。二、八月采子及根。又云∶盛冬生花、子，至次年春采之。
海药∶按《山海经》云∶生东海及昆仑国。二月、三月花开，紫白色，至七月方始成实，
大者如巴豆，为之母丁香。小者实，为之丁香。主风疳 ，骨槽劳臭，治气，乌髭发，杀虫，
疗五痔，辟恶去邪，治奶头花，止五色毒痢，正气，止心腹痛。树皮亦能治齿痛。雷公云∶
凡使，有雄雌。雄颗小，雌颗大，似 枣核。方中多使雌，力大。膏煎中用雄，若欲使雄，
须去疔盖乳子，发人背痈也。圣惠方治桑蝎蜇人。用丁香末，蜜调涂之。千金方治干霍乱，
不吐不下方∶丁香十四枚末，以沸汤一升和之。顿服，不瘥更作服。梅师方治乳头裂破，捣
丁香末敷之。又方治妒乳，乳痈。取丁香捣末，水调方寸匕服。又方治崩中昼夜不止。取丁
香二两，以酒二升，取半分服。《外台秘要》方同。简要济众治伤寒咳噫不止及哕逆不定。
丁香一两，干柿蒂一两，焙干，捣罗为散。每服一钱，煎人参汤下，无时服。
衍义曰∶丁香，日华子云∶治口气。此正是御史所含之香。治胃寒及脾胃冷气不和。有
大者名母丁香，气味尤佳。为末缝纱囊如小指，实末，纳阴中，主阴冷病，中病便已。
丁香
味辛，性温，无毒。主治温暖脾胃，止霍乱引起的呕吐腹胀，治疗风毒所致各种肿胀，以及牙齿疳蚀。能够激发其他香料的香气。其根部可用于治疗风毒肿胀。产于交州、广州及南蕃地区。二月和八月采收。
现今注释按语：根据广州送来的丁香图，树高一丈多，叶子像栎树叶。花朵圆而细小，黄色，过冬不凋谢。医家所用的，只是用像钉子一样的根子，长三到四分，紫色。其中有粗大如山茱萸的，俗称母丁香。只能作为入心腹的药使用。在旧本丁香的注释中，有“不入心腹之用”六个字，恐怕是因为它的根一定有毒，所以说不能入心腹。又查陈藏器《本草》说：丁香中的母丁香，主治头发变白，用生姜汁研磨，拔去白须涂在孔中，就会异常黑。（现在附注）
臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本注说：母丁香，敲击时顺着纹理向两边折断，治疗呕逆非常有效。《药性论》说：丁香，是臣药。能主治冷气腹痛。日华子说：治疗口气、反胃、鬼疰蛊毒，以及治疗肾气、贲豚气、阴痛，壮阳暖腰膝，治疗……（原文此处似有缺漏或断句问题，依文意译为：治疗相关病症）。
《图经》说：丁香，出产于交州、广州、南蕃，现在只有广州有。树木类似桂树，高一丈多，叶子像栎树，过冬不凋谢。花朵圆而细小，黄色。果实长在枝头，花蕊上像钉子，长三到四分，紫色。其中有粗大如山茱萸的，称为母丁香。二月和八月采集果实和根。又说：盛冬开花结果，到次年春天采集。
《海药本草》：按《山海经》说：生长在东海及昆仑国。二月、三月花开，紫白色，到七月才结实，大的像巴豆，称为母丁香。小的结实，称为丁香。主治风疳、骨槽劳臭，治疗气病，使胡须头发乌黑，杀虫，治疗五痔，辟恶去邪，治疗乳头溃烂，止五色毒痢，扶正祛邪，止心腹痛。树皮也能治疗牙痛。雷公说：凡是使用，分雄雌。雄颗粒小，雌颗粒大，像枣核。方剂中多用雌性，效力大。膏煎中使用雄性，如果想用雄性，必须去掉顶盖和乳子，否则会引发背痈。《圣惠方》治疗桑蝎蜇人。用丁香末，蜂蜜调匀涂抹。《千金方》治疗干霍乱，不吐不下方：丁香十四枚研末，用一升沸水调和。一次服下，不好再服。梅师方治疗乳头裂破，捣丁香末敷之。又一方治疗妒乳、乳痈。取丁香研末，水调服一方寸匕。又一方治疗崩中昼夜不止。取丁香二两，用酒二升，取半升服用。《外台秘要》方相同。《简要济众方》治疗伤寒咳嗽噫气不止及呃逆不定。丁香一两，干柿蒂一两，焙干，捣罗成散。每次服一钱，用人参汤煎服，不拘时候。
《衍义》说：丁香，日华子说：治疗口气。这正是御史口中含着的香。治疗胃寒及脾胃冷气不和。有大者名为母丁香，气味尤其好。研成末缝进纱囊如小指粗细，装满药末，纳入阴中，主治阴冷病，病愈即止。
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats warming of the spleen and stomach, stops Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome with vomiting and abdominal distension) accompanied by fullness and bloating, resolves various swellings caused by wind-toxin, and treats dental gan (dental caries/gum disease). It can stimulate the fragrance of other aromatic herbs. Its root is used to treat wind-toxin swellings. It grows in Jiaozhou, Guangzhou, and Nanfan. Harvested in February and August.
Current annotation: According to the illustration of Dingxiang sent from Guangzhou, the tree is over one zhang tall, leaves resemble those of the oak (Li), flowers are round and small, yellow, and do not wither in winter. The part used by physicians is only the root bud resembling a nail, three to four fen long, purple in color. Among them, there are those as large as Cornus officinalis fruit, commonly called Mudingxiang (Mother Clove). They can only be used as medicines entering the heart and abdomen. In the annotations of old editions of Dingxiang, there are six characters stating "not for use in the heart and abdomen," likely because its root must be toxic, hence it is said not to enter the heart and abdomen. Furthermore, according to Chen Cangqi's Bencao: Mudingxiang among Dingxiang primarily treats whitening of hair; when ground with ginger juice and applied to holes after pulling out white hairs, they become exceptionally black. (Now attached)
Min Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to the Shu edition annotation: Mudingxiang, when struck, breaks along the grain into two parts; it is very effective for treating retching and counterflow qi. Yaoxing Lun states: Dingxiang is a minister herb. It primarily treats cold qi abdominal pain. Rihua Zi states: It treats bad breath, regurgitation, Gui Zhu Gu Du (ghostly fixation and gu poison), as well as Shen Qi (kidney qi), Bentun Qi (hernia/qi rushing upward), yin pain, strengthens yang, warms waist and knees, and treats... [text fragment].
Tu Jing states: Dingxiang originates from Jiaozhou, Guangzhou, and Nanfan; currently, only Guangzhou has it. The wood resembles Cinnamon, over one zhang tall, leaves like oak, not withering in winter. Flowers are round and small, yellow. The fruit emerges on branches, the stamen resembling a nail, three to four fen long, purple. Those as large as Cornus officinalis fruit are called Mudingxiang. Harvest fruits and roots in February and August. It also says: Flowers and fruits appear in deep winter, harvested the following spring.
Haiyao Bencao: According to Shan Hai Jing: Grows in the East Sea and Kunlun Kingdom. Flowers bloom in February and March, purple-white, bearing fruit by July. Large ones like Croton seeds are called Mudingxiang. Small solid ones are called Dingxiang. It primarily treats wind gan, foul odor from bone槽劳 (osteomyelitis-like condition), regulates qi, darkens beard and hair, kills parasites, treats five types of hemorrhoids, dispels evil and removes pathogenic factors, treats nipple ulcers, stops five-colored toxic dysentery, supports healthy qi, and stops epigastric/abdominal pain. Bark also treats toothache. Leigong states: When used, distinguish male and female. Male grains are small, female grains are large, resembling jujube pits. Formulas mostly use females for greater potency. For ointment decoctions, males are used; if using males, one must remove the cap and 'nipple' base, otherwise it may cause back carbuncles. Shenghui Fang treats people stung by mulberry scorpions: Use Dingxiang powder mixed with honey for topical application. Qianjin Fang treats Gan Huoluan (dry cholera without vomiting or purging): Powder 14 Dingxiang buds, mix with one sheng of boiling water. Take once; if not cured, administer again. Meishi Fang treats cracked nipples: Apply pounded Dingxiang powder. Another formula treats Du Ru (nursing engorgement) and Ru Yong (breast abscess): Take Dingxiang powder, mix with water, take one cun bi (measure). Another formula treats Beng Zhong (metrorrhagia) lasting day and night: Take two liang of Dingxiang, decoct with two sheng of wine, take half sheng. Waitai Mi Yao formulas are identical. Jianyao Jizhong treats persistent coughing, belching, and irregular hiccups due to Shanghan (cold damage): One liang of Dingxiang, one liang of dried Diospyros kaki calyx, dry-roasted, pounded and sifted into powder. Take one qian per dose, decocted in Ginseng soup, taken at any time.
Yanyi states: Dingxiang, Rihua Zi states: Treats bad breath. This is precisely the incense held by censors. It treats stomach cold and disharmony of spleen/stomach cold qi. Large ones are named Mudingxiang, with superior aroma. Pounded into powder, sewn into a gauze bag the size of a little finger, filled with powder, inserted into the vagina, primarily treats yin cold syndrome; stop when the illness is resolved.