\r侧子\pd222.bmp\r
味辛，大热，有大毒。主痈肿，风痹历节，腰脚疼冷，寒热，鼠 。又堕胎。
陶隐居云∶此即附子边角之大者脱取之。昔时不用，比来医家以疗香港脚多验。凡此三建，
俗
中乃是同根，而《本经》分生三处，当各有所宜故也。方云∶少室天雄，朗陵乌头，皆称本
土。今则无别矣。少室山连嵩高，朗陵县属豫州汝南郡，今在北国。唐本注云∶侧子，只是
乌头下共附子、天雄同生。小者侧子，与附子皆非正生，谓从乌头旁出也。以小者为侧子，
大者为附子。今称附子角为侧子，理必不然。若当阳以下，江左及山南嵩高、齐、鲁间，附
子时复有角，如大豆许。夔州以上剑南所出者，附子之角，曾微黍粟，持此为用，诚亦难充
。比来京下，皆用细附子有效，未尝取角。若然，方须八角附子，应言八角侧子，言取角用
，不近人情也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶昔多不用，今以疗香港脚甚效。按∶陶云侧子即附
子边
角之大者，削取之。苏云只是乌头不共附子同生。小者为侧子，大者为附子。殊无证据。但
云附子角小如黍粟，难充于用，故有此说。今据附子边，果有角大如枣核及槟榔已来者，形
状亦自是一颗，仍不小。则乌头旁出附子，附子旁出侧子，明矣。似乌鸟头为乌头，两歧者
为乌喙，细长乃至三、四寸者为天雄，根旁如芋散生者名附子，旁连生者名侧子，五物同出
而异名。苗高二尺许，叶似石龙芮及艾，其花紫赤，其实紫黑。今以龙州、绵州者为佳。作
之法∶以生、熟汤浸半日，勿令灭气出。以白灰 之，数易使干。又法∶以米粥及糟曲等，
并不及前法。吴氏云∶侧子一名莨。神农、歧伯∶有大毒。八月采，阴干。是附子角之大者
，畏恶与附子同。药性论云∶侧子，使。能治冷风湿痹，大风筋骨挛急。
图经曰∶乌头、乌喙，生朗陵山谷，天雄，生少室山谷，附子、侧子，生犍为山谷及广
汉，
今
并出蜀土。然四品都是一种所产，其种出于龙州。种之法∶冬至前，先将肥腴陆田耕五、七
遍，以猪粪粪之，然后布种，逐月耕耔。至次年八月后方∶成。其苗高三、四尺以来，茎作
四
棱，叶如艾，花紫碧色，作穗，实小紫黑色，如桑椹。本只种附子一物，至成熟后有此四物
，收时仍一处造酿方成。酿之法∶先于六月内，踏造大、小麦曲，至收采前半月，预先用大
麦
煮成粥，后将上件曲造醋，候热淋去糟。其醋不用太酸，酸则以水解之。便将所收附子等去
根须，于新洁瓮内淹浸七日，每日搅一遍，日足捞出，以弥疏筛摊之，令生白衣。后向慢风
日中晒之百十日，以透干为度。若猛日晒，则皱而皮不附肉。其长三、二寸者，为天雄，割
削附子旁尖芽角为侧子，附子之绝小者亦名为侧子。元种者，母为乌头，其余大、小者皆为
附子，以八角者为上。如方药要用，须炮令裂，去皮脐使之。绵州彰明县多种之，唯赤水一
乡者最佳。然收采时月与《本经》所说不同。盖今时所种如此。其内地所出者，与此殊别，
今亦稀用。谨按《本经》冬采为附子，春采为乌头。而《广雅》云∶奚毒，附子也。一岁
为
（与侧同）子，二岁为乌喙，三岁为附子，四岁为乌头，五岁为天雄。今一年种之，便有
此五物，岂今人种莳之法，用力倍至，故尔繁盛也。虽然药力当缓，于岁久者耳。崔氏治寒
疝心腹胁引痛，诸药不可近者，蜜煎乌头主之。以乌
头五枚大者，去芒角及皮，四破，以白蜜一斤，煎令透润，取出焙干，捣筛，又以熟蜜丸，
冷盐汤吞二十丸如梧子，永除。又法∶用煎乌头蜜汁，以桂枝汤五合解之。饮三合不知，加
五合。其知者如醉，以为中病。《续传信方》∶治阴毒伤寒，烦躁，迷闷不主悟人，急者用
大附子一个，可半两者，立劈作四片，生姜一大块，立劈作三片，如中指长，糯米一撮，三
味以水一升，煎取六合，去滓。如人体温，顿服，浓衣覆之。或汁出，或不出，候心神定，
即别服水解散，太白通关散之类。不得与冷水，如渴，更将滓煎与吃。今人多用有效，故详
着之。
陈藏器云∶侧子，冷酒调服，治遍身风疹。雷公云∶侧子，只是附子旁有小颗。附子，
如枣
核者
是，宜生用。治风疹神妙也。木鳖子，只是诸喙附雄乌侧中毗 者，号曰木鳖子，不入药用
。若服之，令人丧目。
味辛，性大热，有大毒。主治痈肿、风痹、历节病（关节疼痛游走不定）、腰脚冷痛、寒热往来，以及鼠瘘（淋巴结核）。此外，还有堕胎的作用。
陶弘景说：这即是附子边角中较大的部分剥离取出的。过去不使用，近来医家用来治疗香港脚（足部肿痛无力之症）多有效验。凡是这三种“建”药（指天雄、附子、侧子），世俗中认为是同根所生，而《神农本草经》将其分为生在三处，应当是各有所宜的缘故。方书说：少室山的天雄，朗陵县的乌头，都号称是本土特产。现在则没有区别了。少室山连接嵩高山，朗陵县属于豫州汝南郡，现在位于北国。唐本注说：侧子，只是与乌头、附子共同生长的。小的称为侧子，与附子都不是正生的，说是从乌头旁边长出来的。以小的为侧子，大的为附子。现在称附子的角为侧子，道理上必然不对。如果在阳关以下，江东及山南嵩山、齐地、鲁地之间，附子时常有角，像大豆那样大小。夔州以上剑南地区出产的，附子的角，曾经微小如黍米粟粒，拿着这个来使用，确实也难以胜任。近来京城下面，都用细附子有效，未曾取用角。如果这样，方剂需要八角附子，应该说取八角侧子，说是取角使用，不合情理。臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本注说：过去多不使用，现在用来治疗香港脚很有效。按：陶弘景说侧子是附子边角中较大的，削取下来。苏恭说只是乌头不与附子同生。小的是侧子，大的是附子。完全没有证据。只说附子的角小如黍粟，难以供使用，所以有此说法。现在根据附子边，果然有角大如枣核及槟榔以上的，形状也是一颗，并不小。那么乌头旁长出附子，附子旁长出侧子，是很明显的。像乌鸟头的叫乌头，分两歧的叫乌喙，细长乃至三、四寸长的叫天雄，根旁像芋头一样散生的叫附子，旁连生的叫侧子，这五种药物同出而异名。苗高二尺左右，叶像石龙芮和艾草，花紫红色，果实紫黑色。现在以龙州、绵州出产的为佳。制作的方法：用生汤、熟汤浸泡半天，不要让气味散失。用白灰覆盖它，多次更换使其干燥。又一种方法：用米粥和糟曲等，都不如前一种方法好。吴氏说：侧子一名莨菪。神农、歧伯认为：有大毒。八月采集，阴干。这是附子角中较大的，畏恶性质与附子相同。《药性论》说：侧子，为使药。能治冷风湿痹，大风引起的筋骨挛急。
《图经》说：乌头、乌喙，生在朗陵山谷，天雄，生在少室山谷，附子、侧子，生在犍为山谷及广汉，现在都出产于蜀地。然而这四品都是同一种植物所产，其种子出自龙州。种植的方法：冬至前，先将肥沃的旱田耕五、七遍，用猪粪施肥，然后播种，逐月耕耘除草。到次年八月后才成熟。它的苗高三、四尺以上，茎呈四棱形，叶像艾草，花紫碧色，成穗状，果实小紫黑色，像桑葚。本来只种附子这一种物，到成熟后才有这四种物，收获时仍在一处酿造才完成。酿造的方法：先在六月内，踏造大麦、小麦曲，到采收前半月，预先用大麦煮成粥，然后将上述曲制成醋，待热淋去糟粕。这种醋不用太酸，酸了就用水稀释。便将所收获的附子等去掉根须，放在新洁的瓮内浸泡七天，每天搅拌一次，日子到了捞出，用稀疏的筛子摊开，让它生出白衣。然后向慢风中晒一百一十天，以透干为限度。如果用猛日晒，就会皱缩且皮不附肉。长三、二寸的，是天雄，割削附子旁的尖芽角作为侧子，附子中极小的也称为侧子。原本种植的，母体为乌头，其余大、小的都为附子，以八角形的为上品。如果方药要用，必须炮制令其开裂，去皮脐后使用。绵州彰明县多种植它，只有赤水一个乡的最好。然而采收时间与《神农本草经》所说的不同。大概是现在人们种植就是这样。内地所出产的，与此截然不同，现在也很少使用。谨按《神农本草经》冬季采为附子，春季采为乌头。而《广雅》说：奚毒，就是附子。一年为（与侧同）子，二年为乌喙，三年为附子，四年为乌头，五年为天雄。现在一年种植，就有这五种物，难道今人种植的方法，用力加倍，所以如此繁盛吗？虽然药效应当缓慢，在于年份久远的罢了。崔氏治疗寒疝心腹胁肋牵引疼痛，诸药不可近身的，用蜜煎乌头主治。用大乌头五枚，去掉芒角及皮，四破，用白蜜一斤，煎至透润，取出焙干，捣碎过筛，又用熟蜜丸，冷盐汤吞服二十丸如梧桐子大，可永除病根。又一种方法：用煎乌头蜜汁，用桂枝汤五合冲服。饮三合不知效，加五合。其知效者如醉，视为中病。《续传信方》：治疗阴毒伤寒，烦躁，昏迷不醒的人，急症用大附子一个，约半两重，立即劈作四片，生姜一大块，立即劈作三片，如中指长，糯米一撮，三味用水一升，煎取六合，去渣。趁人体温，顿服，厚衣覆盖。或者出汗，或者不出汗，候心神安定，即另服水解散，太白通关散之类。不得给冷水，如果口渴，再将药渣煎给吃。现在人多用有效，所以详细记载于此。
陈藏器说：侧子，用冷酒调服，治遍身风疹。雷公说：侧子，只是附子旁有小颗粒。附子，像枣核的是，宜生用。治风疹神妙。木鳖子，只是诸喙、附、雄、乌、侧中毗连的，号曰木鳖子，不入药用。如果服用，令人失明。
Cezǐ (Lateral Root of Aconitum)
Pungent in flavor, excessively hot in nature, possessing great toxicity. It primarily treats carbuncles and swellings, wind-bi syndrome, Li-jie disease (painful wandering joint syndrome), cold pain in the waist and legs, alternating chills and fever, and shu-lou (scrofula). Additionally, it can induce abortion.
Tao Hongjing stated: This is the larger portion peeled off from the corners of Fuzi (Lateral Root of Aconitum carmichaelii). In ancient times it was not used; recently, physicians have found it effective for treating Hongjiao (gouty swelling of the feet). Regarding these three "Jian" medicines (referring to Tianxiong, Fuzi, and Cezǐ), popular belief holds they come from the same root, whereas the *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states they grow in three different places, implying each has its specific indications. Medical texts state: Tianxiong from Mount Shaoshi and Wutou (Radix Aconiti) from Langling County are both claimed as local specialties. Now there is no distinction. Mount Shaoshi connects to Mount Songgao, and Langling County belongs to Runan Commandery of Yuzhou, now located in the Northern Kingdom. The *Tang Bencao Zhu* (Commentary on Tang Materia Medica) states: Cezǐ grows together with Wutou and Fuzi. The smaller ones are called Cezǐ, and like Fuzi, they are not the main root but grow from the side of Wutou. The small ones are Cezǐ, and the large ones are Fuzi. To call the corner of Fuzi "Cezǐ" is logically incorrect. Below Yang Pass, in Jiangzuo, and between Songgao, Qi, and Lu in Shannan, Fuzi occasionally has corners the size of soybeans. Above Kuizhou, in Jiannan, the corners of Fuzi were once minute, like millet grains; using these for treatment is indeed difficult. Recently in the capital region, fine Fuzi is effective, and corners are never taken. If so, if a prescription requires octagonal Fuzi, one should speak of taking octagonal Cezǐ; claiming to use the corner is unreasonable. Ministers Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to the *Shu Bencao Zhu*: In the past it was rarely used, but now it is very effective for treating Hongjiao. According to Tao, Cezǐ is the larger corner of Fuzi, shaved off. Su Gong said it does not grow with Fuzi. The small is Cezǐ, the large is Fuzi. There is no evidence. It only says the corner of Fuzi is small like millet, hard to use, hence this theory. Currently, observing the edge of Fuzi, there are indeed corners as large as jujube pits or betel nuts, shaped as a single piece, not small. Thus, Fuzi growing from the side of Wutou, and Cezǐ growing from the side of Fuzi, is clear. Those resembling the crow's head are Wutou; those with two branches are Wu Hui (Rhizoma Aconiti); those slender and up to three or four cun long are Tianxiong (Fibrous-rooted Lateral Root of Aconitum carmichaelii); those growing scattered by the root like taro are named Fuzi; those growing connected laterally are named Cezǐ. These five substances originate from the same source but have different names. The sprout is about two chi high, leaves resemble *Ranunculus ternatus* and mugwort, flowers are purple-red, fruits are purple-black. Currently, those from Longzhou and Mianzhou are considered superior. Preparation method: Soak in raw and boiled water for half a day, preventing the loss of qi. Cover with white ash, changing frequently until dry. Another method: Using rice gruel and yeast dregs is inferior to the former method. Wu Shi stated: Cezǐ is also known as Langdang. Shennong and Qibo: Possesses great toxicity. Harvest in August, dry in shade. It is the larger corner of Fuzi, and its aversions and incompatibilities are the same as Fuzi. *Yaoxing Lun* states: Cezǐ serves as an assistant drug. It can treat cold-damp bi syndrome and tendon spasms caused by severe wind.
*Tujing* states: Wutou and Wu Hui grow in the valleys of Langling; Tianxiong grows in the valleys of Shaoshi; Fuzi and Cezǐ grow in the valleys of Jianwei and Guanghan; currently all are produced in Shu land. However, these four grades are produced from the same plant, with seeds originating from Longzhou. Planting method: Before Winter Solstice, plow fertile dry land five to seven times, fertilize with pig manure, then sow seeds, cultivating monthly. They mature only after the eighth month of the following year. The sprouts are over three or four chi high, stems are quadrangular, leaves resemble mugwort, flowers are purple-green, forming spikes, fruits are small purple-black, resembling mulberries. Originally only Fuzi was planted, but upon maturity, these four types appear. They are harvested together and brewed/processed to completion. Brewing method: First, in June, trodden wheat and barley yeast cakes are made. Half a month before harvest, boil large malt into porridge, then use the aforementioned yeast to make vinegar, filtering out dregs while hot. The vinegar should not be too sour; if so, dilute with water. Then, remove rootlets from the harvested Fuzi, soak them in a clean jar for seven days, stirring once daily. After the time is up, take them out, spread them on a coarse sieve to allow a white mold to grow. Then dry them in slow wind under the sun for 100-110 days, until thoroughly dry. If dried under strong sun, they will wrinkle and the skin will separate from the flesh. Those three to two cun long are Tianxiong; cut the sharp buds/corners from the side of Fuzi to serve as Cezǐ; the extremely small Fuzi are also named Cezǐ. The originally planted mother is Wutou; the rest, large and small, are Fuzi, with octagonal ones being the best grade. If required for prescriptions, they must be processed until cracked, skin and navel removed. Mianzhou Zhangming County plants much of it, with the best coming from Chishui township. However, the harvesting time differs from that described in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*. This is simply how people plant them now. Those produced inland are quite different and rarely used now. Respectfully noting the *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Winter harvest yields Fuzi, spring harvest yields Wutou. *Guangya* states: Xi Du is Fuzi. One year old is (same as Ce) Zi, two years old is Wu Hui, three years old is Fuzi, four years old is Wutou, five years old is Tianxiong. Now, planting for one year yields these five types. Is it because modern planting methods require double the effort, leading to such abundance? Although medicinal potency may be slower, it depends on the age. Cui Shi treated cold hernia with pain radiating from the heart, abdomen, and hypochondrium, where other drugs could not approach, using honey-fried Wutou. Take five large Wutou, remove spurs, angles, and skin, break into four pieces, fry with one jin of white honey until moist and permeated, take out, bake dry, grind and sift, then form pills with熟 honey. Swallow twenty pills the size of wu-tzu seeds with cold salt water to permanently cure. Another method: Use the honey juice from fried Wutou, dissolve with five he of Guizhi Tang. Drink three he; if ineffective, add five he. If effective, the patient feels drunk, indicating the disease is addressed. *Xu Chuanxin Fang*: Treats Yin-Du Shanghan (Yin-Toxic Cold Damage) with irritability and coma. For acute cases, use one large Fuzi (approx. half liang), split immediately into four slices; one large piece of ginger, split into three slices, length of middle finger; a pinch of glutinous rice. Boil these three ingredients in one sheng of water to obtain six he, strain. While the body is warm, take in one dose, cover with thick clothing. Whether sweating occurs or not, wait for the mind to settle, then separately administer Shuijie San, Taimai Tongguan San, etc. Do not give cold water; if thirsty, decoct the dregs again for drinking. Many people now use it effectively, so it is recorded in detail here.
Chen Cangqi stated: Cezǐ, mixed with cold wine and taken orally, treats generalized wind-rash. Lei Gong stated: Cezǐ is merely small granules beside Fuzi. Fuzi, those the size of jujube pits, should be used raw. It is miraculous for treating wind-rash. Muguaizi (Momordica charantia seed) is merely the part connecting various Hui, Fu, Xiong, Wu, and Ce among them, named Muguaizi, not used in medicine. If ingested, it causes blindness.