（乌兮切）
味甘，平，无毒。古来相传云∶松脂千年为茯苓，又千年为琥珀，又千年为 。然二物
烧之，皆有松气，为用与琥
珀同。补心安神，破血尤善。状似玄玉而轻。出西戎来，
而有茯苓处见无此物。今西州南三百里碛中得者，大则方尺，黑润而轻，烧之腥臭。高昌人
名为木 ，谓玄玉为石 。洪州土石间得者，烧作松气，破血生肌与琥珀同，见风拆破，不
堪为器。量此二种及琥珀，或非松脂所为也。有此差舛，今略论也。（新见唐本）
陈藏器苏于琥珀注后出 功状，按 本功外，小儿带之辟恶，磨滴目翳赤障等。太平广
记《梁四公子传》曰∶交河之间平碛中，掘深一丈，下有 珀，黑逾纯漆，或大如车轮。末
服之，攻妇人小肠症瘕诸疾。
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味甘，平，无毒。主大小便不通，利水道，除邪气，肠胃邪热气，消肿。性滑利。久服
轻身不饥，其实尤良。疗小儿头疮痂 。
花 主小儿痫，小便不利，伤热。一名零榆。生 川山谷。二月采皮，取白曝干，
八月采实，并勿令中湿，湿则伤人。
陶隐居云∶此即今榆树，剥取皮，刮除上赤皮，亦可临时用之，性至滑利。初生荚仁以
作糜羹，令人多睡。嵇公所谓榆令人瞑也。断谷，乃屑其皮并檀皮服之，即令人不饥。唐本
注云∶榆，三月实熟，寻即落矣。今称八月采实，恐《本经》误也。今按 陈藏器本草云∶
榆荚，主妇人带下，和牛肉作羹食之。四月收实作酱，似芜荑杀虫，以陈者良。嫩叶作羹食
之，压丹石，消水肿。江东有刺榆，无大榆。皮入用，不滑。刺榆，秋实。故陶错误也。臣
禹锡等谨按尔雅疏云∶榆之类有十种，叶皆相似，皮及木理异尔。而刺榆有针刺如柘，其叶
如榆，瀹为蔬美，滑于白榆。《诗》云∶山有枢是也。药性论云∶榆白皮，滑。能主利五淋，
治不眠，疗 。取白皮阴干后，焙杵为末。每日朝夜用水五合，末二钱，煎如胶服，瘥。孟
诜云∶生皮主暴患赤肿，以皮三两捣，和三年醋滓，封之，日六、七易，亦治妇人妒乳肿。
眼丹石人采叶生服一、两顿佳。子作酱食，能助肺，杀诸虫下气，令人能食，消心腹间恶气，
卒
图经曰∶榆皮，生 川山谷，今处处有之。三月生荚仁，古人采以为糜羹，今无复食者，
唯用陈老实作酱耳。然榆之类有十数种，叶皆相似，但皮及木理有异耳。白榆先生叶，却着
荚，皮白色，剥之，刮去上粗 ，中极滑白，即《尔雅》所谓榆白粉也。此皮入药，今孕妇
滑胎方多用之。小儿白秃，发不生，捣末苦酒调涂之。刺榆有针刺如柘，则古人所茹者，云
美于白榆。《尔雅》所谓枢， 。《诗·唐风》云∶山有枢是也。二月采皮，取白曝干，四月
采
食疗生榆皮，利小便，主石淋。又，取叶煮食之，时复食一顿，尤良。高昌人多捣白皮
为末，和菜菹食之，甚美。令人能食，仙家长服，服丹石人亦食之。取利关节故也。又，榆
仁，可作酱食之，亦甚香美。有少辛味，能助肺气，杀诸虫，下气，令人能食。又，心腹间
恶气，内消之。尘者尤良。又，涂诸疮癣，妙。又，卒患冷气心痛，食之瘥。并主小儿痫，
小便不利。外台秘要∶治渴，小便利非淋方∶榆皮二片去黑皮，以水一斗，煮取五升。一服
三合，日三服。千金方∶五色丹，俗名油肿。若犯多致死，不可轻之。以榆白皮末和鸡子白
敷之。
杂
米作粥食，小便利。子母秘录∶疗妊娠胎死腹中，或母病欲下胎。榆白皮煮汁服二升。又方∶
小儿白秃疮。捣榆白皮末，醋和涂之，虫当出。杨氏产乳∶疗身体及头悉生疮。取榆白皮炒
令黄，捣为散，以好苦酒和涂上。又以绵裹覆上，虫出即瘥。嵇叔夜《养生论》云∶榆令人
瞑。别说云∶谨按榆白皮焙干为末，妇人妊娠临月，日三服方寸匕。令产极易，产下儿身尚
皆涂之，信其验也。又湿捣治如糊，用粘瓦石极有力，京东西北人，以石为碓觜，每用此以
胶之。
衍义曰∶榆皮，今初春先生荚者是。去上皱涩干枯者，将中间嫩处，锉、干、 为粉，
当歉岁，农将以代食，叶青嫩时收贮，亦用以为羹茹。嘉 年，过丰、沛，人阙食，乡民多
食此。
（读音：乌兮切）
味甘，性平，无毒。古来相传说：松脂经过一千年变成茯苓，再过一千年变成琥珀，再过一千年变成[此处原文缺字，据上下文推测为“珀”或类似物]。然而这两种东西烧起来，都有松脂的气味，其功效与琥珀相同。能补心、安神，破血功效尤其显著。形状像黑色的玉但质地较轻。产自西戎地区，但在有茯苓的地方却见不到这种东西。如今在西州以南三百里的沙漠中所得到的，大的有一尺见方，黑色润泽且轻，烧起来有腥臭味。高昌人称之为“木珀”，称黑色的玉为“石珀”。在洪州土石间得到的，烧起来有松脂气味，破血生肌的功效与琥珀相同，但见风就会开裂破碎，不能用来制作器物。衡量这两种东西以及琥珀，或许并不是由松脂转化而成的。因为存在这些差异和错误，现在简要论述一下。（新近见于《唐本草》）
陈藏器在琥珀注后补充了[缺字]的功效状况，按[缺字]的本草功效之外，小儿佩戴它可以辟除邪气，磨成粉滴入眼中可治疗目翳、赤障等症。《太平广记·梁四公子传》记载：交河之间的平坦沙漠中，挖掘深达一丈，下面有[缺字]珀，黑得超过纯漆，有的大如车轮。研末服用，可攻治妇人小肠部位的症瘕积聚等各种疾病。
榆皮
味甘，性平，无毒。主治大小便不通，通利水道，祛除邪气，清除肠胃中的邪热之气，消除肿胀。性质滑利。长期服用可使身体轻便且不感到饥饿，其实（榆荚）效果尤其好。治疗小儿头部的疮疡结痂。
花：主治小儿癫痫，小便不利，伤热。又名零榆。生长在蜀川的山谷中。二月采集树皮，取白色部分晒干；八月采集果实，都不要让它受潮，受潮则伤人。
陶隐居说：这就是现在的榆树，剥取树皮，刮去上层的红色表皮，也可以临时使用，性质非常滑利。刚长出的荚仁可以煮成糜羹，让人多睡。嵇公所说的“榆令人瞑”就是这个意思。想要断绝谷物进食，是将树皮屑和檀树皮一起服用，就能使人不感到饥饿。《唐本草》注解说：榆树，三月果实成熟，随即就掉落了。现在说八月采集果实，恐怕是《本经》有误吧。现在考察陈藏器的《本草》说：榆荚，主治妇女带下病，与牛肉一起煮羹食用。四月收集果实做酱，类似于芜荑能杀虫，以陈旧的为佳。嫩叶煮羹食用，能压制丹石药的毒性，消除水肿。江东地区有刺榆，没有大榆。树皮入药，不滑。刺榆秋天结果。所以陶弘景错了。臣禹锡等人谨慎地按照《尔雅疏》说：榆的种类有十种，叶子都相似，只是树皮和木质纹理不同。而刺榆有针刺像柘树一样，它的叶子像榆树，焯水后作为蔬菜很美味，比白榆更滑。《诗经》说：“山有枢”指的就是这个。《药性论》说：榆白皮，滑。能主要治疗五淋，治疗失眠，治疗[缺字]。取白皮阴干后，焙干捣成粉末。每天早晚用水五合，药末二钱，煎煮得像胶状时服用，病愈。孟诜说：新鲜树皮主治突然患上的红肿，用三两树皮捣碎，混合三年的醋糟，封贴患处，每天更换六、七次，也能治疗妇女妒乳肿。患有丹石病的人采食榆叶，生吃一两顿很好。子实做成酱食用，能辅助肺气，杀死各种寄生虫，降气，使人能进食，消除心腹间的恶气，突然[缺字]。
《图经》说：榆皮，生长在蜀川山谷，现在到处都有。三月生出荚仁，古人采集它来做糜羹，现在不再有人吃了，只用陈年的果实做酱罢了。然而榆的种类有十几种，叶子都相似，只是树皮和木质纹理有差异而已。白榆先生叶，然后结荚，树皮白色，剥下来，刮去上面的粗糙部分，中间极滑白，就是《尔雅》所说的“榆白粉”。这种树皮入药，现在孕妇滑胎的方剂中多用它。小儿白秃疮，头发不生，捣成粉末用苦酒调匀涂抹。刺榆有针刺像柘树，就是古人所食用的，据说比白榆美味。《尔雅》所说的枢，[缺字]。《诗经·唐风》说：“山有枢”指的就是这个。二月采集树皮，取白色部分晒干，四月采集[缺字]。
《食疗》说：生榆皮，通利小便，主治石淋。另外，取叶子煮食，偶尔吃一顿，尤其好。高昌人多将白皮捣成粉末，混合腌菜食用，非常美味。使人能进食，仙人长期服用，服食丹石的人也食用它。是因为它能通利关节的缘故。另外，榆仁，可以做成酱食用，也很香美。带有少许辛味，能辅助肺气，杀死各种寄生虫，降气，使人能进食。另外，能内消心腹间的恶气。陈旧的更好。另外，涂抹各种疮癣，效果奇妙。另外，突然患冷气心痛，食用后病愈。并主治小儿癫痫，小便不利。《外台秘要》：治疗口渴，小便通利但不是淋证的方剂：榆皮两片，去掉黑皮，用水一斗，煮取五升。每次服用三合，每天三次。《千金方》：五色丹，俗称油肿。如果感染多会致死，不可轻视。用榆白皮粉末混合鸡蛋清敷贴。
杂录：米粥食用，小便通利。《子母秘录》：治疗妊娠胎死腹中，或者母亲患病想要堕胎。榆白皮煮汁服用二升。又一方：小儿白秃疮。捣榆白皮粉末，用醋调和涂抹，虫子应当出来。《杨氏产乳》：治疗身体及头部全部生疮。取榆白皮炒至黄色，捣成散剂，用好苦酒调和涂在上面。再用绵包裹覆盖，虫子出来就好了。嵇叔夜《养生论》说：榆让人想睡觉。别说：谨慎地按照榆白皮焙干为粉末，妇女妊娠临产月，每天服用三次方寸匕。使生产极易，产后婴儿身上也涂抹它，相信它的疗效。另外湿捣治疗像糊状，用来粘合瓦石非常有力量，京东西北的人，用石头做碓嘴，每次都用这个来粘合它们。
《衍义》说：榆皮，现在是初春先生出荚的那种。去掉上面皱缩涩滞干枯的部分，将中间的嫩处，锉碎、干燥、研磨成粉，当歉收年份，农民用它代替食物，叶子青嫩时收藏储存，也用来做羹蔬。嘉祐年间，经过丰、沛两地，人们缺乏食物，乡民多吃这个。
(Wu Xi Qie - phonetic notation)
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral, non-toxic. It has been passed down since ancient times that: pine resin turns into Poria (Fu Ling, 茯苓) after a thousand years, then into Amber (Hu Po, 琥珀) after another thousand years, and then into [missing character]. However, when these two substances are burned, they both emit the scent of pine resin, and their effects are the same as Amber. They nourish the heart and calm the spirit (An Shen, 安神), and are particularly effective in breaking blood stasis (Po Xue, 破血). Their appearance resembles black jade but is lighter. They originate from the Western Regions (Xi Rong, 西戎), yet where Poria is found, this substance is not seen. Those obtained today in the desert three hundred li south of Xizhou are large, up to one chi square, black, lustrous, and light; when burned, they have a fishy odor. People in Gaochang call them "Wood Amber" (Mu Po, 木珀) and refer to black jade as "Stone Amber" (Shi Po, 石珀). Those obtained in the soil and rocks of Hongzhou emit a pine scent when burned; their ability to break blood stasis and generate flesh is the same as Amber, but they crack and break upon exposure to wind, making them unsuitable for crafting vessels. Comparing these two types with Amber, perhaps they are not formed from pine resin. Due to these discrepancies and errors, a brief discussion is provided here (Newly observed in *Tang Bencao*).
Chen Cangqi added the efficacy profile of [missing character] after the note on Amber. According to the herbal properties of [missing character], besides its external functions, wearing it can ward off evil influences in children, and grinding it into powder and applying it to the eyes can treat leukoma (Mu Yi, 目翳), redness, and visual obstructions. The *Taiping Guangji* records in the *Biography of the Four Princes of Liang*: In the flat deserts between Jiaohe, digging deep to ten zhang reveals [missing character]-Amber below, blacker than pure lacquer, some as large as chariot wheels. Taken as powder, it attacks various diseases such as mass accumulations (Zheng Jia, 症瘕) in the small intestine of women.
Elm Bark (Yu Pi, 榆皮)
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral, non-toxic. It primarily treats obstruction of urination and defecation, promotes water passage, dispels pathogenic factors, clears pathogenic heat from the intestines and stomach, and reduces swelling. Its nature is slippery and lubricating. Long-term consumption makes the body light and suppresses hunger; its fruit (Elm Seeds/Yu Jia, 榆荚) is particularly effective. It treats scabies and crusts on infants' heads.
Flowers: Treat infantile epilepsy (Xian, 痫), difficult urination, and heat injury. Also known as Ling Yu (Ling Yu, 零榆). Grows in the valleys of Shuchuan. Harvest the bark in the second lunar month, take the white part, and dry it in the sun; harvest the fruits in the eighth lunar month. Do not let them get wet, as moisture harms people.
Tao Hongjing stated: This is the current elm tree. Peel the bark, scrape off the upper reddish layer, and it can be used temporarily; its nature is extremely slippery. The newly formed seed pods can be made into porridge or soup, causing drowsiness. This is what Ji Gong meant by "Elm induces sleep." To fast (Duan Gu, 断谷), one consumes powdered bark mixed with sandalwood bark, which prevents hunger. The *Tang Bencao* annotation states: Elm fruits ripen in the third lunar month and fall shortly after. The statement about harvesting fruits in the eighth lunar month suggests an error in the *Ben Jing*. Current examination of Chen Cangqi's *Bencao* states: Elm seeds treat leukorrhea in women; eating them cooked with beef is beneficial. Collecting fruits in the fourth lunar month to make sauce acts like Tso-yu (Wu Ti, 芜荑) to kill parasites, with aged ones being superior. Young leaves eaten as soup suppress the toxicity of cinnabar/stone drugs and reduce edema. In Jiangdong, there is Thorny Elm (Ci Yu, 刺榆) but no large Elm. The bark is used medicinally but is not slippery. Thorny Elm fruits in autumn. Thus, Tao was mistaken. Ministers Yu Xi et al. carefully followed the *Erya Shu*: There are ten kinds of Elms, leaves are similar, but bark and wood grain differ. Thorny Elm has thorns like Zhe tree, leaves resemble Elm, blanching it makes a delicious vegetable, smoother than White Elm. The *Book of Songs* says: "The mountain has Shu" refers to this. *Yao Xing Lun* states: White Elm Bark is slippery. It primarily treats five types of strangury (Wu Lin, 五淋), treats insomnia, and treats [missing character]. Take white bark, dry in shade, roast, and grind into powder. Every morning and evening, mix two qian of powder with five he of water, decoct until gelatinous, and take; the disease heals. Meng Shen said: Fresh bark treats sudden redness and swelling. Pound three liang of bark, mix with three-year-old vinegar residue, apply as a poultice, changing six or seven times daily; it also treats breast engorgement in women (Du Ru, 妒乳). Patients taking mineral drugs should eat fresh leaves, one or two meals are good. Sauce made from seeds assists lung qi, kills parasites, directs qi downward, promotes appetite, and dissipates malignant qi in the heart and abdomen, curing sudden [missing character].
*Tujing* states: Elm bark grows in Shuchuan valleys and is now ubiquitous. Seed pods appear in the third lunar month; ancients made porridge from them, but this is no longer done; only aged fruits are used for sauce. However, there are over ten varieties of Elm, leaves are similar, but bark and grain differ. White Elm produces leaves first, then pods; the bark is white. After peeling and scraping the rough outer layer, the inner part is very smooth and white, which is the "White Powder of Elm" mentioned in *Erya*. This bark is used in medicine, frequently in formulas for inducing abortion in pregnant women. For infantile tinea capitis (Bai Tu, 白秃) where hair does not grow, grind into powder and apply mixed with sour wine. Thorny Elm has thorns like Zhe tree, which was consumed by ancients and is said to be more delicious than White Elm. The "Shu" in *Erya*, [missing character]. The *Book of Songs · Tang Feng* says: "The mountain has Shu" refers to this. Harvest bark in the second lunar month, take white part and dry; harvest [missing character] in the fourth lunar month.
*Shiliao* states: Raw Elm bark promotes urination and treats stone strangury (Shi Lin, 石淋). Additionally, boiling and eating leaves, occasionally consuming one meal, is excellent. People in Gaochang often grind white bark into powder and mix it with pickled vegetables; it is very delicious. It promotes appetite, is taken long-term by immortals, and by those taking mineral drugs because it benefits the joints. Additionally, Elm kernels can be made into sauce, very fragrant and delicious. With a slight pungent taste, it assists lung qi, kills parasites, directs qi downward, promotes appetite, and internally dissipates malignant qi in the chest and abdomen. Aged ones are better. Additionally, applying it to various sores and ringworms is wonderful. It also cures sudden cold qi pain in the heart and abdomen. It treats infantile epilepsy and difficult urination. *Waitai Miyao*: Formula for thirst with frequent urination but not strangury: Two pieces of Elm bark, remove black skin, decoct in ten dou of water to obtain five sheng. Take three he per dose, three times daily. *Qianjin Fang*: Five-color carbuncle, commonly known as oily swelling. If infection spreads, it can be fatal; do not underestimate it. Apply powder of White Elm bark mixed with egg white externally.
Miscellaneous Records: Eating rice porridge promotes urination. *Zimu Milu*: Treats retained dead fetus in the womb, or when the mother is ill and wishes to expel the fetus. Decoct White Elm bark and drink two sheng. Another formula: Infantile tinea capitis. Grind White Elm bark into powder, mix with vinegar and apply; parasites will emerge. *Yang Shi Chanru*: Treats sores all over the body and head. Roast White Elm bark until yellow, grind into powder, mix with good sour wine and apply. Cover with cotton; once parasites emerge, it heals. Ji Shunye's *Yangsheng Lun* states: Elm induces sleep. Bieshuo: Carefully follow the method of roasting White Elm bark into powder. For women near term, take one fangcun bi three times daily. This facilitates delivery; postpartum, the baby's body is also smeared with it, trusting its efficacy. Additionally, when wet-ground into paste, it is very powerful for sticking tiles and stones. People in Jingdong and Jingbei use it to glue stone pestle tips.
*Yanyi* states: Elm bark refers to the variety producing seed pods in early spring. Remove the wrinkled, astringent, dry parts; take the tender middle part, chop, dry, and grind into powder. In lean years, farmers use it as food. When leaves are green and tender, collect and store them for soups and vegetables. During the Jiayou era, passing through Feng and Pei, people lacked food, and villagers ate much of this.