\r巴戟天\pd93.bmp\r
味辛、甘，微温，无毒。主大风邪气，阴痿不起，强筋骨，安五脏，补中，增志，
益气，疗头面游风，小腹及阴中相引痛，下气，补五劳，益精，利男子。生巴郡及下邳山谷
。二月、八月采根，阴干。（覆盆子为之使，恶朝生、雷丸、丹参。）
陶隐居云∶今亦用建平、宜都者，状如牡丹而细，外赤内黑，用之打去心。唐本注云∶
巴戟
天苗，俗方名三蔓草。叶以茗，经冬不枯，根如连珠，多者良，宿根青色，嫩根白紫，用之
亦同。连珠肉浓者为胜。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶巴戟天，使。能治男子夜梦，鬼交泄精
，
强阴，除头面中风，主下气，大风血癞。病患虚损，加而用之。日华子云∶味苦。安五脏，
定心气，除一切风，治邪气，疗水肿。又名不凋草，色紫如小念珠，有小孔子，坚硬难捣。
图经曰∶巴戟天，生巴郡及下邳山谷，今江淮、河东州郡亦有之，皆不及蜀州者佳。叶
似茗
经冬不枯，俗名三蔓草，又名不凋草。多生竹林内。内地生者，叶似麦门冬而浓大，至秋结
实。二月、八月采根，阴干，今多焙之。有宿根者青色，嫩根者白色，用之皆同，以连珠肉
浓者胜。今方家多以紫色为良。蜀人云∶都无紫色者。彼方人采得，或用黑豆同煮，欲其色
紫，此殊失气味，尤宜辨之。一说蜀中又有一种山律根，正似巴戟，但色白。土人采得，以
醋水煮之乃紫，以杂巴戟，莫能辨也。真巴戟，嫩者亦白，干时亦煮治使紫，力劣弱，不可
用。今两种，市中皆是。但击破视之，其中而紫鲜洁者，伪也。真者击破，其中虽紫，又有
微白惨如粉色，理小暗也。
雷公曰∶凡使，须用枸杞子汤浸一宿，待稍软漉出，却用酒浸一伏时，又漉出，用菊花
同熬令
焦黄，去菊花，用布拭令干用。
衍义曰∶巴戟天，本有心，干缩时，偶自落，或可以抽摘，故中心或空，非自有小孔子
也。
今
人欲要中间紫色，则多伪以大豆汁沃之，不可不察。外坚难染，故先从中间紫色。有人嗜酒
，日须五、七杯。后患香港脚甚危，或教以巴戟半两，糯米同炒，米微转色，不用米，大黄一
两，锉、炒，同为末，熟蜜为丸，温水服五、七十丸，仍禁酒，遂愈。
味辛、甘，性微温，无毒。主治大风邪气（指风邪深重之病证），阳痿不起，强壮筋骨，安定五脏，补益中气，增强意志，益气，治疗头面部游风（风邪游走不定所致病症），小腹及阴部牵引疼痛，降气，补五劳（五种虚劳），益精，对男子有益。产于巴郡及下邳的山谷中。二月、八月采集根部，阴干。（覆盆子为其引经药/使药，忌与朝生、雷丸、丹参同用。）
陶隐居说：现在也使用建平、宜都产的巴戟天，形状像牡丹但较细小，外皮红色内里黑色，使用时需敲去中心木质部。唐本注说：巴戟天的苗，民间方书称为三蔓草。叶子像茶树叶，过冬不枯萎，根像连珠状，多节者品质好，老根青色，嫩根白紫色，使用时同样需要去除心。连珠状且肉质厚实的为优。臣禹锡等谨按《药性论》说：巴戟天，作为使药。能治疗男子夜梦遗精、鬼交泄精，强阴，祛除头面中风，主降气，治疗大风血癞。病患如有虚损，加入使用。日华子说：味苦。安定五脏，定心气，祛除一切风邪，治疗邪气，治疗水肿。又名不凋草，颜色紫如小念珠，有小孔，坚硬难捣碎。
《图经本草》说：巴戟天生于巴郡及下邳山谷，现在江淮、河东各州郡也有出产，但都不如蜀州产的好。叶子像茶树，过冬不枯萎，民间叫三蔓草，又名不凋草。多生长在竹林内。内地生长的，叶子像麦冬但更浓大，到秋天结果实。二月、八月采根，阴干，现在多用焙干法。有老根的呈青色，嫩根的呈白色，使用时都一样，以连珠状肉质厚者为胜。现在药商多以紫色为优良。蜀人说：根本没有紫色的。外地人采得后，有的用黑豆同煮，想使其变紫，这严重失去了药材气味，尤其应当辨别。一说蜀中又有一种山律根，正像巴戟天，但颜色白。当地人采得后，用醋水煮才变紫，用来混杂巴戟天，人们无法分辨。真正的巴戟天，嫩的也是白的，晒干时也经过煮制使其变紫，药效弱，不可用。现在市场上两种都有。只要击破查看，中间紫色鲜艳洁净的，是伪品。真品击破后，中间虽紫，又有微白惨淡如粉色，纹理稍暗。
雷公说：凡使用，需用枸杞子汤浸泡一夜，待稍软后捞出，再用酒浸泡一个时辰（约两小时），再捞出，用菊花同熬至焦黄，去掉菊花，用布擦拭干燥后使用。
《衍义》说：巴戟天本来有心材，干燥收缩时，偶然自行脱落，或者可以抽摘出来，所以中心有时是空的，并非自然就有小孔。今人想要中间呈紫色，则多伪造，用大豆汁浇灌，不可不仔细考察。外皮坚硬难以染色，所以先从中间染成紫色。有人嗜酒，每天必须喝五、七杯。后来患脚气病非常危险，有人教他用巴戟天半两，与糯米同炒，米微微变色，不用米，取大黄一两，锉碎、炒制，研为细末，用熟蜜制成丸剂，温水送服五、七十丸，同时禁酒，于是痊愈。
Radix Morindae Officinalis (Bajitian)
Pungent, sweet, slightly warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats severe wind-pathogen syndromes (Dafeng Xieqi), impotence with inability to erect, strengthens sinews and bones, calms the five Zang organs, tonifies the middle Jiao, enhances willpower, benefits Qi, treats wandering wind on the head and face (Youfeng), pulling pain in the lower abdomen and genitalia, directs Qi downward, tonifies the five types of deficiency-fatigue (Wulao), benefits essence, and is beneficial for men. Grows in the valleys of Ba Commandery and Xiapi. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and dried in the shade. (Rubus chingii [Fupenzi] acts as an guiding herb [Shi]; avoid using together with Chaosheng, Polyporus [Leiwuan], and Salvia miltiorrhiza [Danshen].)
Tao Hongjing stated: Currently, Bajitian from Jianping and Yidu is also used. It resembles Peony but is thinner, with a red exterior and black interior. When used, the central woody core must be removed. The *Bencao Jing Ji Zhu* noted: The vine of Radix Morindae Officinalis is commonly called Sanmancao in folk prescriptions. The leaves resemble tea leaves and do not wither in winter. The roots resemble linked pearls; those with more nodes are superior. Old roots are greenish, while young roots are white-purple. Both require removal of the core. Those with thick flesh in the pearl-like segments are considered best. Chen Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun*, stated: Radix Morindae Officinalis serves as a guiding herb. It can treat nocturnal emissions due to dreams or "ghostly intercourse" in men, strengthen Yin, eliminate wind-stroke of the head and face, direct Qi downward, and treat severe wind-related blood disorders (Xuelai). It should be added to prescriptions for patients with deficiency-fatigue. Ri Huazi stated: Bitter in taste. Calms the five Zang organs, stabilizes Heart Qi, eliminates all wind pathogens, treats evil pathogens, and treats edema. Also known as Budiaocao (Evergreen Grass). It is purple like small prayer beads, has small pores, is hard, and difficult to crush.
*Tu Jing Ben Cao* stated: Radix Morindae Officinalis grows in the valleys of Ba Commandery and Xiapi. It is now also found in Jianghuai and Hedong prefectures, but none compare to those from Shu Prefecture in quality. The leaves resemble tea leaves and do not withter in winter; folk name is Sanmancao, also known as Budiaocao. It often grows inside bamboo forests. Those grown inland have leaves resembling Ophiopogon japonicus [Mendong] but thicker and larger, bearing fruit in autumn. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months, dried in the shade, though currently often baked-dried. Old roots are green, young roots are white; both are used similarly, with pearl-shaped, thick-fleshed roots being superior. Current apothecaries consider purple color as good. People from Shu say there are no purple ones. Outsiders sometimes boil them with black soybeans to induce a purple color, which severely alters the flavor and aroma, requiring careful distinction. Another account mentions a root called Shanlvgen in Shu that resembles Radix Morindae Officinalis but is white. Locals boil it in vinegar water to turn it purple and mix it with genuine Radix Morindae Officinalis, making it indistinguishable. Genuine young Radix Morindae Officinalis is white; if boiled to turn purple before drying, its efficacy is weak and unsuitable for use. Both types exist in the market today. To distinguish, break it open: if the center is bright purple and clean, it is fake. Genuine material, when broken, may show purple in the center but also has a faint white/pinkish hue and darker texture.
Lei Gong stated: For processing, soak in Ligustrum lucidum [Gouqizi] decoction overnight until slightly soft, drain, then soak in wine for one shichen (approx. 2 hours), drain again, simmer with Chrysanthemum morifolium [Juhua] until scorched yellow, remove Chrysanthemum, wipe dry with cloth, and use.
*Yanyi* stated: Radix Morindae Officinalis originally possesses a central pith/core. During drying and shrinkage, this core may naturally fall out or be pulled out, leaving the center hollow; it does not naturally possess small holes. Modern practitioners seeking a purple center often forge it by soaking in soybean juice; this must be carefully examined. The outer skin is hard and difficult to dye, so dyeing usually starts from the center. A case report: Someone addicted to alcohol drank five to seven cups daily. Later, he suffered critically from gouty arthritis (Hongxiangjiao/Jiaojie). He was advised to take Banliang (approx. 15g) of Radix Morindae Officinalis stir-fried with glutinous rice until the rice changed color slightly. Discard the rice. Take Dahuang (Rhubarb) 1 liang (approx. 30g), chopped and stir-fried, grind into powder, form pills with refined honey, and take 50-70 pills with warm water. Strictly abstain from alcohol. He recovered.