味甘，寒，无毒。功、体与石蜜同，而冷利过之。笮（音诈）甘蔗汁，煎作。蜀地、西
戎、江东并有之。（唐本先附）
臣禹锡等谨按孟诜云∶沙糖，多食令人心痛。不与鲫鱼同食，成疳虫。又，不与葵同食，
生流 。又，不与笋同食，使笋不消，成症，身重不能行履耳。
图经文具甘蔗条下。
食疗云∶主心热，口干。多食生长虫，消肌肉，损齿，发疳 。不可长食之。子母秘录∶
治腹紧。白糖以酒二升煮服，不过再瘥。
衍义曰∶沙糖，又次石蜜，蔗汁清，故费煎炼，致紫黑色，治心肺大肠热，兼啖驼马。
今医
甘遂生
味甘，寒，无毒。主压石药发热，利水，解酒热。久食令人寒中，去胃中热。
生江淮南。似柿本而青黑。《闲居赋》云∶梁候乌 之柿是也。（今附）
臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶ 柿，止渴，润心肺，除腹脏冷热，作漆甚妙。不宜与蟹同食，
令人腹疼并大泻矣。
图经文具柿条下。
\r桃核仁\pd495.bmp\r
味苦、甘，平，无毒。主瘀血，血闭，瘕邪气，杀小虫，止咳逆上气，消心下坚，
除卒暴击血，破症瘕，通月水，止痛。七月采取仁，阴干。
桃花 杀疰恶鬼，令人好颜色。味苦，平，无毒。主除水气，破石淋，利大小便，
下三虫，
桃枭 味苦，微温。主杀百鬼精物，疗中恶腹痛，杀精魅，五毒不祥。一名桃奴，
一名枭景
桃毛 主下血瘕，寒热，积聚，无子，带下诸疾，破坚闭，刮取毛用之。
臣禹锡等谨按本经月闭通用药云∶桃毛，平。
桃蠹 杀鬼辟邪恶不祥。食桃树虫也。
茎白皮 味苦、辛，无毒。除邪鬼中恶腹痛，去胃中热。
叶 味苦、辛，平，无毒。主除尸虫，出疮中虫。
胶 炼之，主保中不饥，忍风寒。
实 味酸，多食令人有热。生太山川谷。
陶隐居云∶今处处有，京口者亦好，当取解核种之为佳。又有山桃，其仁不堪用。桃仁
作酪
，乃言冷。桃胶入仙家用。三月三日采花，亦供丹方∶所须。《方言》∶服三树桃花尽，
则面色如桃花。人亦无试之者。服术人云∶禁食桃也。唐本注云∶桃胶，味苦，平，无毒。
主下
石淋，破血，中恶疰忤。花，主下恶气，消肿满，利大小肠。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶桃
仁
疼痛者，可生捣叶，绵裹纳阴中，日三、四易，瘥。又，三月三日收花晒干，杵末，以水服
二
钱匕。小儿半钱，治心腹痛。又，秃疮，收未开花，阴干，与桑椹赤者，等分作末，以猪脂
和。先用灰汁洗去疮痂，即涂药。又云∶桃能发丹石，不可食之，生者尤损人。又，白毛，
主恶鬼邪气。胶亦然。又，桃符及奴，主精魅邪气。符，煮汁饮之。奴者，丸、散服之。桃
仁，每夜嚼一颗，和蜜涂手、面良。日华子云∶桃，热，微毒。益色，多食令人生热。树上
自干者，治肺气腰痛，除鬼精邪气，破血，治心痛，酒摩，暖服之。又云∶桃叶，暖。治恶
气，小儿寒热客忤。桃毛。疗崩中，破癖气。桃蠹，食之肥，悦人颜色也。
图经曰∶桃核仁并花、实等，生泰山，今处处皆有之。京东、陕西出者尤大而美。大都
佳果
多是圃人以他木接根上栽之，遂至肥美，殊失本性。此等药中不可用之，当以一生者为佳。
七
月采核，破之取仁，阴干。今都下市贾多取炒货之，云食之亦益人。然亦多杂接实之核，为
不堪也。《千金方》桃仁煎，疗妇人产后百病，诸气。取桃仁一千二百枚，去双仁、尖
、皮，熬捣令极细，以清酒十斗半，研如麦粥法，以极细为佳。纳小项瓷瓶中，密以面封之，
纳
汤中煮一伏时，药成。温酒和服一匙，日再。其花三月三日采，阴干。《太清卉木方》云
∶酒渍桃花饮之，除百疾，益颜色。崔元亮《海上方》治面上疮，黄水出，并眼疮，一百五
日收取桃花，不计多少，细末之，食后以水半盏，调服方寸匕，日三，甚良。其实已干着木
上，经冬不落者，名桃枭。正月采之，以中实者良。胡洽治中恶毒瓦斯，蛊疰，有桃奴汤，是
此
也。其实上毛刮取之，以治女子崩中。食桃木虫名桃蠹，食之悦人颜色。茎白皮，中恶方∶
用之。叶多用作汤导药，标嫩者名桃心，尤胜。张文仲治天行，有支太医桃叶汤熏身法∶水
一
石，煮桃叶，取七斗，以为铺席，自围衣被盖上，安桃汤于床箦下，乘热自熏，停少时，当
雨汗，汗遍去汤，待歇，速粉之，并灸大椎，则愈。陈廪丘《蒸法经》云∶连发汗，汗不出
者死，可蒸之，如中风法。以问张苗，苗曾有疲极汗出，卧单簟，中冷，但苦寒倦。四日凡
八过发汗，汗不出。烧地桃叶蒸之，则得大汗，被中敷粉极燥，便瘥。后用此发汗得出，蒸
发者，烧地良久，扫除去火，可以水小洒，取蚕砂，若桃叶、柏叶、糠及麦麸皆可。取用易
得者，牛、马粪亦可用，但臭耳。取桃叶欲落时，可益收干之。以此等物着火处，令浓二、
三寸，布席坐上，温复。用此汗出，若过热，当审细消息。大热者重席，汗出周身便止。温
粉粉之，勿令过。此法旧云出阮河南也。桃皮亦主病，《集验》肺热闷不止，胸中喘急、悸
，客热往来欲死，不堪服药。泄胸中喘气，用桃皮、芫花各一升，二物以水四升，煮取一升
五合，去滓，以故布手巾纳汁中，薄胸，温四肢，不盈数刻即歇。又，《必效方》主蛊毒
，用大戟、桃白皮东引者，以大火烘之，斑蝥去足翅熬，三物等分，捣筛为散。以冷水服半
方
寸匕，其毒即出。不出更一服，蛊并出。此李饶州法，云奇效。若以酒中得，则以酒服；以
食中得，以饮服之。桃胶，入服食药，仙方∶着其法∶取胶二十斤，绢袋盛，栎木灰汁一石
中，煮三、五沸，并袋出，挂高处，候干再煮。如此三度止，曝干筛末，蜜和，空腹酒下梧
桐
子大二十丸。久服当仙去。又主石淋，《古今录验》着其方∶云∶取桃木胶如枣大，夏以冷
水三合，冬以汤三合，和为一服，日三，当下石，石尽即止。其实亦不可多食，喜令人热发。
雷公云∶凡使，须择去皮，浑用白术、乌豆二味，和桃仁同于坩埚子中煮一伏时后，漉
出，
用
令
净，以绢袋盛，于檐下悬令干，去尘了用。鬼髑髅，勿使干桃子。其鬼髑髅，只是千叶桃花
结子在树上不落者干。然于十一月内采得，可为神妙。凡修事，以酒拌蒸，从巳至未，焙干
，以铜刀切，焙取肉用。圣惠方∶补心虚，治健忘，令耳目聪明。用戊子日，取东引桃枝
二寸
调二钱
寄
生二两末，如茶点服，日四、五服。外台秘要∶治霍乱腹痛吐痢。取桃叶三升切，以水五升，
煮取
一升三合，分温二服。又方∶治虚热渴，桃胶如弹丸，含之佳。又方∶治骨蒸。桃仁一百
二十枚，
水，能多
最精。隔日又服一剂。百日不得食肉。又方∶治偏风，半身不遂及癖疰方∶桃仁一千七
百枚，去双仁、尖、皮，以好酒一斗三升浸，经二十一日出，晒干，杵令细，作丸。每服二
十丸，
还将桃酒服之。又方∶治三虫，绞叶取汁一升饮。又方∶酒渍桃花饮之，除百病，好容
色。又桃
纳生
桃叶铺其席下。卧之，令项在药上，以衣着项边，令气上蒸，病患汗出，良久瘥。又方∶治
喉
闭，煮桃皮汁三升服之。又方∶治产后遍身如粟粒，热如火者。以桃仁研，腊月猪脂调敷上。
日易。又方∶治少小 耳。桃仁熟末，以 裹塞耳。又方∶人有食桃病，时已晚，无复校，
就桃树间
米饭浆研
之令细，以浆水杵取汁，令桃仁尽即休，微温，用洗面，极妙。又方∶以五月五日取东向桃
枝，日未出时，作三寸木人，着衣带中，令人不忘。肘后方∶尸注鬼注病者。葛云∶即是五
尸
之一注，又挟诸鬼邪为祟。其病变动及有三十六种至九十九种。大略使人寒淋沥，沉沉默默，
不
的知其所苦，而无处不恶。累年积月，渐就顿滞，以至于死，死后复传旁人，乃至灭门。觉
如此候者，便宜急治。桃仁五十枚碎研，以水煮，取四升，一服尽当吐。吐病不尽，三、两
日不吐。再服也。又方∶卒心痛。东引桃枝一把切，以酒一升，煎取半升，顿服，大效。
又方∶治卒心痛。桃仁七枚，去皮、尖，熟研，水一合，顿服，良。亦可治三十年患。又方∶
治
七日
可饮四、五合，稍增至一升。葛氏∶卒中 疮， 疮常对在两脚。杵桃叶，以苦酒和敷。皮
亦
杵桃叶一
不落桃
子烧作灰，和水服，瘥。又，产后阴肿痛，烧桃仁敷之。又方∶下部疮已块洞者。桃皮、叶
杵
，水渍
又方∶
治热病后下部生疮。浓煮桃白皮如稀饧，纳少许熊胆研，以绵蘸药纳下部疮上。又方∶治狂
狗
咬人。取桃白皮一握，水三升，煎取一升服。孙真人∶桃，味辛，肺病宜食。又桃味酸，无
毒，
多
患瘰 子
中。
又方∶凡人好魇。桃仁熬去皮、尖三七枚，以小便下之。又方∶备急鬼疰心痛。桃仁一合，
烂研煎
汤吃。食医心镜∶主上气咳嗽，胸隔痞满，气喘。桃仁三两去皮、尖，以水一升研取汁，和
粳米
二
、尖
腹
及腰痛。桃仁一升去尖、皮者，熬令黑烟出，热研捣如脂膏，以酒三升，搅令相和，一服取
汗。
不过三瘥。伤寒类要治黄胆。身眼皆如金色，不可使妇人、鸡、犬见，取东引桃根，切细如
箸，若钗股以下者一握，以水一大升，煎取一小升，适温，空腹顿服。后三、五日，其黄离
离如薄云散，唯服最后瘥，百日方∶平复。身黄散后，可时时饮一盏清酒，则眼中易散，不
饮则散迟。忌食热面、猪、鱼等肉。此是徐之才家秘方。又方∶治天行 ，下部生疮。浓
煎桃枝
水
服方寸匕。又方∶凡天时疫疠者。常以东行桃枝细锉煮，浴，佳。又方∶小儿伤寒，若得时
气
。桃叶三
录∶治阴
肿，桃仁捣敷之。又方∶小儿疮初起，膘浆似火疮，一名烂疮，杵桃仁面脂敷上。又方∶
小儿湿癣
取白皮
一握，水二升，煮取半升，服令尽，瘥。如未定，再服。修真秘旨∶食桃讫，入水浴，令人
成淋病。抱朴子∶桃胶以桑灰渍之服，百病愈。又服之身轻，有光明在晦夜之地，数月断谷。
荆楚岁时记谢道通登罗浮山，见数童子以朱书桃板贴户上，道通还，以纸写之贴户上，鬼见
畏
之。宋王微∶桃饴，越地通天液，首化玉体貌；定仙人知 ，日胡不荫年。宋齐丘化书∶李
接桃而本强者，其实毛。周礼∶戎右掌戎车之兵革使，诏赞王鼓，传王命于陈中，会同充革
车，
盟
有
桃，其实之淆。今深山大谷之民，熟以为饭。典术曰∶桃者，五木之精也。今之作桃符着门
上
，厌邪气，此仙木也。家语孔子侍坐于哀公，赐之桃与黍焉。哀公曰∶请用。孔子先黍而后
食
桃，左右皆掩口而笑。公曰∶黍者，所以雪桃，非为食之也。东京赋云∶度朔作梗，守以郁
垒。神荼副焉，对操索苇。注∶上古有神荼与郁垒兄弟二人，桃树下阅百鬼无道理者，缚以
苇
索而饲虎。今人作桃符板，云左神荼，右郁垒者，以此。治疟用桃仁一百个去皮、尖，于乳
钵中细研成膏，不得犯生水，候成膏入黄丹三钱，丸如梧桐子大。每服三丸，当发日面北用
温酒吞下，如不饮酒，井花水亦得。五月五日午时合，忌鸡、犬、妇人见。
衍义曰∶桃核仁，桃品亦多，京畿有油桃，光，小于众桃，不益脾。有小点斑而光如涂
油。
山中一种，正是《月令》中桃始华者。但花多子少，不堪啖，唯堪取仁。《唐文选》谓山桃
发
红萼者是矣。又太原有金桃，色深黄。西京有昆仑桃，肉深紫红色。此二种尤甘。又饼子桃
，如今之香饼子。如此数种，入药唯以山中自生者为正。盖取走泄为用，不取肥好者。如伤
寒八、九日间，发热如狂不解，小腹满痛，有瘀血，用桃仁三十个，汤去皮、尖，麸炒赤色
，别研，虻虫三十枚，去翅，水蛭二十枚，各炒，川大黄一两，同为末，再与桃仁同捣，令
匀，炼蜜丸如小豆大，每服二十丸，桃仁汤下，利下瘀血恶物，便愈，未利，再服。
【沙糖】
味甘，性寒，无毒。功效和质地与石蜜相同，但寒凉滑利的性质超过石蜜。压榨甘蔗汁，煎煮而成。蜀地、西戎、江东都有出产。（《新修本草》先附）
臣禹锡等谨按孟诜说：沙糖，多吃会让人心痛。不能与鲫鱼同食，否则会生疳虫。另外，不能与葵菜同食，会产生流涎（或指某种皮肤病/腹泻，原文“流 ”缺字，依语境推测为不良后果）。还有，不能与笋同食，会使笋不消化，形成症积，身体沉重无法行走。
《图经本草》在甘蔗条下有详细记载。
《食疗本草》说：主治心热、口干。多吃会生长寄生虫，消耗肌肉，损伤牙齿，引发疳疾。不可长期食用。《子母秘录》：治疗腹部紧绷。用白糖加二升酒煮服，不超过两次即可痊愈。
《衍义》说：沙糖，等级次于石蜜，因为蔗汁清澈，所以耗费煎炼功夫，导致颜色呈紫黑色。主治心肺大肠的热证，也可以喂给骆驼和马吃。
【柿（音卑）】
味甘，性寒，无毒。主要压制金石类药物引起的发热，利尿，解酒热。长期食用会让人中焦虚寒，去除胃中的热邪。
生长在江淮以南。像柿树的本干而颜色青黑。《闲居赋》说：梁朝侯乌的柿就是这种。（现附入）
臣禹锡等谨按日华子说：柿，止渴，滋润心肺，消除腹脏的冷热不适，制作漆器非常妙。不宜与蟹同食，否则会导致腹痛和大泻。
《图经本草》在柿条下有详细记载。
【桃核仁】
味苦、甘，性平，无毒。主治瘀血、血闭、瘕积邪气，杀灭小虫，止咳逆上气，消除心下坚满，去除突然暴击导致的瘀血，破除症瘕，通调月经，止痛。七月采集果仁，阴干。
桃花：杀注死恶鬼，让人面色红润。味苦，性平，无毒。主治去除水气，破石淋，利大小便，驱除三种寄生虫。
桃枭：味苦，微温。主治杀百鬼精物，治疗中恶腹痛，杀精魅，五毒不祥。又名桃奴，又名枭景。
桃毛：主治下血瘕，寒热，积聚，不孕，带下诸疾，破除坚闭，刮取毛发使用。
臣禹锡等谨按《本经》月闭通用药说：桃毛，性平。
桃蠹：杀鬼辟邪恶不祥。是吃桃树的虫子。
茎白皮：味苦、辛，无毒。去除邪鬼中恶腹痛，去除胃中热。
叶：味苦、辛，性平，无毒。主治去除尸虫，排出疮中的虫。
胶：炼制后，主治保护中焦不饥饿，耐受风寒。
实（果实）：味酸，多吃让人产生热邪。生长在太山川谷。
陶隐居说：现在到处都有，京口的也好，应当选取能解核种植的为好。又有山桃，其仁不堪使用。桃仁可以做酪，说是性冷。桃胶被仙人使用。三月三日采集桃花，也供炼丹方所需。《方言》说：吃完三棵树的桃花，则面色如桃花般红润。人们也没有尝试过的人。服用术类药材的人说：禁止吃桃。《唐本草》注说：桃胶，味苦，性平，无毒。主治下石淋，破血，治疗中恶疰忤。花，主治下恶气，消肿满，利大小肠。臣禹锡等谨按《药性论》说：桃仁疼痛者，可以生捣叶子，用绵裹纳入阴道中，每天更换三四次，病愈。另外，三月三日收花晒干，杵成粉末，用水送服二钱匕。小儿半钱，治疗心腹痛。另外，秃疮，收集未开的花，阴干，与红色的桑椹等分做成粉末，用猪脂调和。先用灰汁洗去疮痂，即涂药。又说：桃能发丹石之毒，不可食用，生者尤其伤人。另外，白毛，主治恶鬼邪气。桃胶也是如此。另外，桃符及桃奴，主治精魅邪气。符，煮汁饮用。奴者，丸剂、散剂服用。桃仁，每晚嚼一颗，和蜜涂抹手、面很好。日华子说：桃，性热，微毒。益色，多吃让人产生热邪。树上自干的，治疗肺气腰痛，去除鬼精邪气，破血，治疗心痛，用酒磨碎，暖服。又说：桃叶，性暖。治疗恶气，小儿寒热客忤。桃毛。治疗崩中，破癖气。桃蠹，吃了它肥美，悦人颜色。
《图经》说：桃核仁并花、实等，生长在泰山，现在到处都有。京东、陕西出产的尤其大而美。大多佳果多是园圃工人用其他树木嫁接根部栽种，于是变得肥美，完全失去了本性。这些在药物中不可用，应当以自然生长的为佳。七月采集果核，破开取仁，阴干。现在京城市场商人多取炒制的，说吃了也有益于人。然而也多混杂嫁接果实的核，不堪使用。《千金方》桃仁煎，治疗妇人产后百病，诸气。取桃仁一千二百枚，去掉双仁、尖、皮，熬捣令极细，用清酒十斗半，研磨如麦粥法，以极细为佳。放入小口瓷瓶中，严密用面粉封口，放入汤中煮一个时辰，药成。温酒和服一匙，每天两次。其花三月三日采，阴干。《太清卉木方》说：酒浸桃花饮用，去除百病，益颜色。崔元亮《海上方》治疗面上疮，黄水出，并眼疮，一百五日收取桃花，不计多少，细末之，食后以水半盏，调服方寸匕，每天三次，很好。其实已干着木上，经冬不落者，名桃枭。正月采之，以中实者良。胡洽治疗中恶毒瓦斯，蛊疰，有桃奴汤，就是这个。其实上毛刮取之，以治女子崩中。食桃木虫名桃蠹，吃了悦人颜色。茎白皮，治疗中恶方：用它。叶多用作汤导药，标嫩者名桃心，尤其好。张文仲治疗天行，有支太医桃叶汤熏身法：水一石，煮桃叶，取七斗，作为铺席，自围衣被盖上，安桃汤于床箦下，乘热自熏，停少时，当雨汗，汗遍去汤，待歇，速粉之，并灸大椎，则愈。陈廪丘《蒸法经》说：连发汗，汗不出者死，可蒸之，如中风法。以此问张苗，张苗曾有疲极汗出，卧单簟，中冷，但苦寒倦。四日凡八过发汗，汗不出。烧地桃叶蒸之，则得大汗，被中敷粉极燥，便瘥。后用此发汗得出，蒸发者，烧地良久，扫除去火，可以水小洒，取蚕砂，若桃叶、柏叶、糠及麦麸皆可。取用易得者，牛、马粪亦可用，但臭耳。取桃叶欲落时，可益收干之。以此等物着火处，令浓二、三寸，布席坐上，温复。用此汗出，若过热，当审细消息。大热者重席，汗出周身便止。温粉粉之，勿令过。此法旧云出阮河南也。桃皮亦主病，《集验》肺热闷不止，胸中喘急、悸，客热往来欲死，不堪服药。泄胸中喘气，用桃皮、芫花各一升，二物以水四升，煮取一升五合，去滓，以故布手巾纳汁中，薄胸，温四肢，不盈数刻即歇。又，《必效方》主蛊毒，用大戟、桃白皮东引者，以大火烘之，斑蝥去足翅熬，三物等分，捣筛为散。以冷水服半方寸匕，其毒即出。不出更一服，蛊并出。此李饶州法，云奇效。若以酒中得，则以酒服；以食中得，以饮服之。桃胶，入服食药，仙方：着其法：取胶二十斤，绢袋盛，栎木灰汁一石中，煮三、五沸，并袋出，挂高处，候干再煮。如此三度止，曝干筛末，蜜和，空腹酒下梧桐子大二十丸。久服当仙去。又主石淋，《古今录验》着其方：云：取桃木胶如枣大，夏以冷水三合，冬以汤三合，和为一服，日三，当下石，石尽即止。其实亦不可多食，喜令人热发。
雷公说：凡是使用，须选择去皮，浑用白术、乌豆二味，和桃仁同于坩埚子中煮一个时辰后，漉出，用令净，以绢袋盛，于檐下悬令干，去尘了用。鬼髑髅，勿使干桃子。其鬼髗髅，只是千叶桃花结子在树上不落者干。然于十一月内采得，可为神妙。凡修事，以酒拌蒸，从巳至未，焙干，以铜刀切，焙取肉用。圣惠方：补心虚，治疗健忘，令耳目聪明。用戊子日，取东引桃枝二寸调二钱寄生二两末，如茶点服，日四、五服。外台秘要：治疗霍乱腹痛吐痢。取桃叶三升切，以水五升，煮取一升三合，分温二服。又方：治疗虚热渴，桃胶如弹丸，含之佳。又方：治疗骨蒸。桃仁一百二十枚，水，能多最精。隔日又服一剂。百日不得食肉。又方：治疗偏风，半身不遂及癖疰方：桃仁一千七百枚，去双仁、尖、皮，以好酒一斗三升浸，经二十一日出，晒干，杵令细，作丸。每服二十丸，还将桃酒服之。又方：治疗三虫，绞叶取汁一升饮。又方：酒渍桃花饮之，除百病，好容色。又桃纳生桃叶铺其席下。卧之，令项在药上，以衣着项边，令气上蒸，病患汗出，良久瘥。又方：治疗喉闭，煮桃皮汁三升服之。又方：治疗产后遍身如粟粒，热如火者。以桃仁研，腊月猪脂调敷上。日易。又方：治疗少小耳。桃仁熟末，以裹塞耳。又方：人有食桃病，时已晚，无复校，就桃树间米饭浆研之令细，以浆水杵取汁，令桃仁尽即休，微温，用洗面，极妙。又方：以五月五日取东向桃枝，日未出时，作三寸木人，着衣带中，令人不忘。肘后方：尸注鬼注病者。葛云：即是五尸之一注，又挟诸鬼邪为祟。其病变动及有三十六种至九十九种。大略使人寒淋沥，沉沉默默，不知其所苦，而无处不恶。累年积月，渐就顿滞，以至于死，死后复传旁人，乃至灭门。觉如此候者，便宜急治。桃仁五十枚碎研，以水煮，取四升，一服尽当吐。吐病不尽，三、两日不吐。再服也。又方：卒心痛。东引桃枝一把切，以酒一升，煎取半升，顿服，大效。又方：治疗卒心痛。桃仁七枚，去皮、尖，熟研，水一合，顿服，良。亦可治疗三十年患。又方：治疗七日可饮四、五合，稍增至一升。葛氏：卒中疮，疮常对在两脚。杵桃叶，以苦酒和敷。皮亦杵桃叶一不落桃子烧作灰，和水服，瘥。又，产后阴肿痛，烧桃仁敷之。又方：下部疮已块洞者。桃皮、叶杵，水渍又方：治疗热病后下部生疮。浓煮桃白皮如稀饧，纳少许熊胆研，以绵蘸药纳下部疮上。又方：治疗狂狗咬人。取桃白皮一握，水三升，煎取一升服。孙真人：桃，味辛，肺病宜食。又桃味酸，无毒，多患瘰子中。又方：凡人好魇。桃仁熬去皮、尖三七枚，以小便下之。又方：备急鬼疰心痛。桃仁一合，烂研煎汤吃。食医心镜：主上气咳嗽，胸隔痞满，气喘。桃仁三两去皮、尖，以水一升研取汁，和粳米二、尖腹及腰痛。桃仁一升去尖、皮者，熬令黑烟出，热研捣如脂膏，以酒三升，搅令相和，一服取汗。不过三瘥。伤寒类要治疗黄胆。身眼皆如金色，不可使妇人、鸡、犬见，取东引桃根，切细如箸，若钗股以下者一握，以水一大升，煎取一小升，适温，空腹顿服。后三、五日，其黄离离如薄云散，唯服最后瘥，百日方平复。身黄散后，可时时饮一盏清酒，则眼中易散，不饮则散迟。忌食热面、猪、鱼等肉。此是徐之才家秘方。又方：治疗天行，下部生疮。浓煎桃枝水服方寸匕。又方：凡天时疫疠者。常以东行桃枝细锉煮，浴，佳。又方：小儿伤寒，若得时气。桃叶三录：治疗阴肿，桃仁捣敷之。又方：小儿疮初起，膘浆似火疮，一名烂疮，杵桃仁面脂敷上。又方：小儿湿癣取白皮一握，水二升，煮取半升，服令尽，瘥。如未定，再服。修真秘旨：食桃讫，入水浴，令人成淋病。抱朴子：桃胶以桑灰渍之服，百病愈。又服之身轻，有光明在晦夜之地，数月断谷。荆楚岁时记谢道通登罗浮山，见数童子以朱书桃板贴户上，道通还，以纸写之贴户上，鬼见畏之。宋王微：桃饴，越地通天液，首化玉体貌；定仙人知，日胡不荫年。宋齐丘化书：李接桃而本强者，其实毛。周礼：戎右掌戎车之兵革使，诏赞王鼓，传王命于陈中，会同充革车，盟有桃，其实之淆。今深山大谷之民，熟以为饭。典术曰：桃者，五木之精也。今之作桃符着门上，厌邪气，此仙木也。家语孔子侍坐于哀公，赐之桃与黍焉。哀公曰：请用。孔子先黍而后食桃，左右皆掩口而笑。公曰：黍者，所以雪桃，非为食之也。东京赋云：度朔作梗，守以郁垒。神荼副焉，对操索苇。注：上古有神荼与郁垒兄弟二人，桃树下阅百鬼无道理者，缚以苇索而饲虎。今人作桃符板，云左神荼，右郁垒者，以此。治疗疟用桃仁一百个去皮、尖，于乳钵中细研成膏，不得犯生水，候成膏入黄丹三钱，丸如梧桐子大。每服三丸，当发日面北用温酒吞下，如不饮酒，井花水亦得。五月五日午时合，忌鸡、犬、妇人见。
《衍义》说：桃核仁，桃的品种也很多，京畿有油桃，光亮，小于众桃，不益脾。有小点斑而光如涂油。山中一种，正是《月令》中桃始华者。但花多子少，不堪啖，唯堪取仁。《唐文选》谓山桃发红萼者是矣。又太原有金桃，色深黄。西京有昆仑桃，肉深紫红色。此二种尤甘。又饼子桃，如今之香饼子。如此数种，入药唯以山中自生者为正。盖取走泄为用，不取肥好者。如伤寒八、九日间，发热如狂不解，小腹满痛，有瘀血，用桃仁三十个，汤去皮、尖，麸炒赤色，别研，虻虫三十枚，去翅，水蛭二十枚，各炒，川大黄一两，同为末，再与桃仁同捣，令匀，炼蜜丸如小豆大，每服二十丸，桃仁汤下，利下瘀血恶物，便愈，未利，再服。
[Sha Tang (Brown Sugar)]
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Its efficacy and properties are the same as Shimi (Rock Honey), but its cold and purgative nature is stronger than that of Shimi. It is made by pressing sugarcane juice and boiling it down. It is produced in Shu, Xirong, and Jiangdong. (First attached in *Xinxiu Bencao*)
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully cite Meng Shen: "Consuming too much Sha Tang causes heart pain. It should not be eaten with crucian carp, as this leads to the formation of gan parasites. Furthermore, it should not be eaten with mallow, which may cause salivation or other adverse effects. Also, it should not be eaten with bamboo shoots, as this prevents the digestion of the shoots, leading to abdominal masses, heaviness of the body, and difficulty in walking."
*Tu Jing Ben Cao* provides detailed records under the entry for Sugarcane.
*Shi Liao Ben Cao* states: "It treats heat in the heart and dry mouth. Excessive consumption promotes the growth of parasites, consumes muscle tissue, damages teeth, and induces gan disease. It should not be consumed long-term. *Zimu Milu*: To treat abdominal tightness, boil white sugar in two sheng of wine and take orally; recovery occurs within no more than two doses."
*Yanyi* states: "Sha Tang ranks below Shimi. Because the sugarcane juice is clear, it requires extensive boiling and refining, resulting in a purple-black color. It treats heat in the lungs, heart, and large intestine, and can also be fed to camels and horses."
[Shi (Persimmon, pronounced 'bei')]
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily suppresses fever caused by mineral drugs, promotes urination, and resolves alcohol-induced heat. Long-term consumption causes cold in the middle jiao, while removing heat from the stomach.
It grows south of the Jianghuai region. It resembles the trunk of the persimmon tree but is dark green/black. *Xianju Fu* states: "The persimmon of Hou Wu from the Liang dynasty is this type." (Now attached)
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully cite Ri Huazi: "Persimmon stops thirst, moistens the lungs and heart, eliminates cold and heat in the abdomen and viscera, and is excellent for making lacquer. It should not be eaten with crab, as this causes abdominal pain and severe diarrhea."
*Tu Jing Ben Cao* provides detailed records under the entry for Persimmon.
[Tao He Ren (Peach Kernel)]
Bitter and sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It treats blood stasis, blood obstruction, abdominal masses and pathogenic qi, kills small parasites, stops cough and rebellious qi, dissipates hardness beneath the heart, removes sudden traumatic blood stasis, breaks abdominal masses, regulates menstruation, and relieves pain. Collect the kernels in the seventh month and dry them in the shade.
**Tao Hua (Peach Flower):** Kills malignant ghosts and zhu diseases, improves complexion. Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats water retention, breaks stone lin (lithiasis), promotes urination and bowel movements, and expels three types of parasites.
**Tao Xiao (Dried Peach Fruit):** Bitter in taste, slightly warm. Kills spirits and evil entities, treats acute abdominal pain due to zhong'e (sudden evil invasion), dispels demons and misfortunes. Also known as Tao Nu or Xiao Jing.
**Tao Mao (Peach Fuzz):** Treats bloody abdominal masses, chills and fever, accumulations, infertility, leukorrhea, breaks firm obstructions. Scrape off the fuzz for use.
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully cite *Benjing* general usage for monthly closure: "Tao Mao is neutral."
**Tao Du (Peach Borer):** Kills ghosts and wards off evil and misfortune. It is the insect that eats peach trees.
**Jing Bai Pi (Inner Bark of Stem):** Bitter and pungent in taste, non-toxic. Removes evil ghosts and zhong'e abdominal pain, clears heat from the stomach.
**Ye (Leaf):** Bitter and pungent in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats corpse worms and expels insects from sores.
**Jiao (Gum):** After refining, it protects the middle jiao from hunger and enhances resistance to wind and cold.
**Shi (Fruit):** Sour in taste; excessive consumption generates heat. Grows in valleys of Mount Tai.
Tao Hongjing states: "It is now found everywhere; those from Jingkou are also good. It is best to select varieties that produce viable pits for planting. There is also wild peach (Shan Tao), whose kernels are unsuitable for medicinal use. Peach kernels can be made into cheese, which is considered cold in nature. Peach gum is used by immortals. Pick peach flowers on the third day of the third lunar month; they are also required for alchemical formulas. *Fangyan* states: 'If one finishes eating the flowers of three peach trees, their complexion becomes rosy like peach blossoms.' No one has tried this. Those who consume Atractylodes advise against eating peaches. *Tang Bencao* commentary states: 'Peach gum is bitter, neutral, and non-toxic. It treats stone lin, invigorates blood, and treats zhong'e zhu wu. The flower treats expulsion of evil qi, reduces swelling and fullness, and promotes urination and bowel movements.' Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully cite *Yaoxing Lun*: 'For pain caused by Tao Ren, crush fresh leaves, wrap in silk, and insert vaginally, changing 3-4 times daily until cured. Alternatively, collect flowers on the third day of the third lunar month, dry, powder, and take 2 qian bi with water. For children, take half a qian bi to treat heart and abdominal pain. For alopecia areata, collect unopened flowers, dry, mix equally with red mulberries, powder, and blend with lard. Wash the scab with ash lye first, then apply. Also: Peaches can trigger Dan Shi toxicity and should not be eaten; raw ones are particularly harmful. White fuzz treats evil ghosts and pathogenic qi. Peach gum does likewise. Peach charms and Tao Nu treat demonic influences. Charms are boiled and drunk; Tao Nu is taken as pills or powders. Chew one Tao Ren nightly and mix with honey to apply to hands and face for benefit.' Ri Huazi states: 'Peach is hot and slightly toxic. It benefits complexion, but excessive consumption generates heat. Dried-on-tree peaches treat lung qi-related lower back pain, dispel demonic influences, break blood stasis, treat heart pain; grind with wine and take warm. Also: Peach leaves are warm. They treat evil qi and pediatric chills/fever with ke wu. Peach fuzz treats metrorrhagia and breaks pi qi. Eating Tao Du makes one fat and improves complexion.'
*TU Jing* states: "Tao Ren, flowers, and fruits grow on Mount Tai but are now ubiquitous. Those from Jingdong and Shaanxi are particularly large and beautiful. Most superior fruits are grafted onto other rootstocks by gardeners, becoming plump but losing their true nature. These are unsuitable for medicine; naturally grown ones are best. Collect pits in July, crack open to get kernels, and dry in shade. Merchants in the capital often sell roasted ones, claiming health benefits, but these are often mixed with grafted fruit pits and are inferior. *Qianjin Fang* Tao Ren Decoction treats postpartum ailments and qi disorders. Take 1200 Tao Ren, remove double kernels, tips, and skins, roast and grind finely. Mix with 10 dan 5 dou of clear wine, grinding like millet porridge until very fine. Store in a small-mouthed porcelain jar, seal tightly with flour paste, and boil in water for one fu shi (approx. 2 hours). Take one spoonful with warm wine twice daily. Flowers are collected on the third day of the third lunar month and dried in shade. *Taiqing Huimu Fang* states: 'Soak peach flowers in wine and drink to cure hundred diseases and improve complexion.' Cui Yuanliang's *Haishang Fang* treats facial sores with yellow discharge and eye sores: Collect peach flowers over 105 days, powder finely, take one fang cun bi after meals with half a zhan of water, three times daily, highly effective. Fruit dried on the tree through winter is called Tao Xiao. Collect in January; choose solid ones. Hu Qia's Tao Nu Tang for zhong'e toxic qi and gu zhu uses this. Scrape fuzz from the fruit to treat female metrorrhagia. Tao Du (worm) improves complexion when eaten. Inner bark is used for zhong'e formulas. Leaves are often used as decoctions; tender tips are called Tao Xin and are superior. Zhang Wenzhong’s physician’s method for Tian Xing involves fumigation with Tao Ye Decoction: Boil 1 shi of water with peach leaves, reduce to 7 dou. Use as a mat cover, wrap patient in quilts, place hot decoction under the bed, fumigate while hot. When sweating occurs, remove heat, rest, dust with powder, and moxa Da Zhui point for cure. Chen Linqiu's *Zheng Fa Jing* states: 'If sweating fails repeatedly, death ensues; steaming is indicated as for wind-stroke. Ask Zhang Miao, who had extreme fatigue with sweating, lay on a single mat, felt cold and weak. After eight failed sweat-inducing attempts over four days, he steamed with heated earth and peach leaves, inducing heavy sweat, dried with powder, and recovered. For steaming, burn earth, remove fire, sprinkle water, add silkworm sand, peach leaves, cypress leaves, bran, or wheat chaff. Use readily available materials; cow/horse manure works but smells. Collect falling peach leaves and dry. Place 2-3 cun thick layer on fire, sit on cloth mat, keep warm. Monitor temperature carefully. If too hot, use double mats; stop when whole-body sweat appears. Dust with warm powder, do not overdo. This method originated from Ruan Henan.' Peach skin also treats disease. *Ji Yan* treats persistent lung heat oppression, chest wheezing, palpitations, and alternating external heat causing near-death sensation where medication is intolerable. To vent chest wheezing, use 1 sheng each of Tao Pi and Yuan Hua, boil in 4 sheng water to 1.5 sheng, strain, soak old cloth in juice, apply to chest, warm limbs; relief comes in minutes. *Bi Xiao Fang* treats Gu Du: Use 1 part Da Ji, 1 part East-growing Tao Bai Pi (roasted), 1 part Ban Mao (de-footed and de-winged, roasted). Powder together. Take half fang cun bi with cold water; toxin exits. If not, take another dose; both toxins exit. This is Li Raozhou’s method, claimed miraculous. If contracted via wine, take with wine; if via food, take with drink. Peach Gum in Immortal Formulas: Take 20 jin gum, put in silk bag, boil in 1 shi oak ash lye for 3-5 boils, remove bag, hang high to dry, boil again. Repeat three times, dry, powder, mix with honey, take 20 pills (walnut size) with wine on empty stomach. Long-term use leads to immortality. Also treats Stone Lin (*Gu Jin Lu Yan*): Take date-sized peach gum, mix with 3 he cold water (summer) or warm water (winter), take once daily three times. Stones will pass; stop when finished. Fruit should not be eaten excessively as it generates heat.
Lei Gong states: "When using, select peeled kernels. Boil with Baizhu and Wudou in a crucible for one fu shi, drain, wash clean, hang in silk bag under eaves to dry, remove dust before use. Do not confuse with Gui Du Lou (dried thousand-petal peach fruit hanging on tree in November), which is potent. Process by steaming with wine from Si to Wei hour, bake dry, cut with copper knife, bake flesh for use. *Shenghui Fang* tonifies Heart deficiency, treats amnesia, sharpens ears and eyes: On Wuzi day, take 2 cun East-growing Tao Zhi, mix with 2 qian Jisheng powder, brew like tea, take 4-5 times daily. *Waitai Miyao* treats Huoluan with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea: Cut 3 sheng Tao Ye, boil in 5 sheng water to 1.3 sheng, divide into two warm doses. Another formula for Deficient Heat Thirst: Hold Tao gum pellet in mouth. Another for Bone-steaming Fever: Take 120 Tao Ren, boil in water (more is better/more precise). Take alternate days. Avoid meat for 100 days. Another for Hemiplegia and Pi Zhu: Soak 1700 Tao Ren (remove double, tip, skin) in 1.3 dou good wine for 21 days, dry, powder, make pills. Take 20 pills with peach wine. Another for Three Parasites: Crush leaves, take 1 sheng juice. Another: Soak peach flowers in wine to cure hundred diseases and beautify. Another: Lie on bed with Tao Ye under mat, neck on herbs, cover with clothes to steam vapor; sweat leads to cure. Another for Throat Closure: Drink 3 sheng boiled Tao Pi juice. Another for Postpartum Body Rash like Millet Grains, Hot as Fire: Grind Tao Ren, mix with December lard, apply daily. Another for Pediatric Ear Issues: Cook Tao Ren powder, wrap in cloth, plug ear. Another for Peach Poisoning: Late at night, grind rice slurry with peach tree sap/water until smooth, cool slightly, wash face. Another: On May 5th, before sunrise, carve 3-cun wooden figure from East-facing branch, carry in belt to prevent forgetting. *Zhouhou Fang* for Shi Zhu/Ghost Zhu: Ge Hong says this is one of the Five Shi, accompanied by ghosts. Symptoms vary from 36 to 99 types, causing chills, silence, unknown suffering, aversion everywhere. Accumulates over years/months, leads to death, spreads to others, wipes out families. Treat urgently. Crush 50 Tao Ren, boil in water to 4 sheng, take all at once to induce vomiting. If not fully expelled, wait 2-3 days, repeat. Another for Sudden Heart Pain: Cut 1 handful East-growing Tao Zhi, boil in 1 sheng wine to 0.5 sheng, take at once, highly effective. Another for Sudden Heart Pain: Take 7 Tao Ren (remove skin/tip), crush well, mix with 1 he water, take at once, good. Can treat 30-year chronic cases. Another: Start with 4-5 he, increase to 1 sheng over 7 days. Ge Shi: For Stroke Sores on legs: Crush Tao Ye, mix with vinegar, apply. Skin also... Burn fallen peach fruit to ash, mix with water, take for cure. Another for Postpartum Vulvar Swelling/Pain: Burn Tao Ren, apply. Another for Lower Body Ulcers/Cavities: Crush Tao Pi/Ye, soak in water... Another for Post-Febrile Lower Body Sores: Boil Tao Bai Pi thick like syrup, add bear bile, apply with cotton. Another for Mad Dog Bite: Take 1 handful Tao Bai Pi, boil in 3 sheng water to 1 sheng, take. Sun Simiao: Peach is pungent, suitable for Lung disease. Peach is sour, non-toxic, but excessive consumption causes Luoli nodes in groin. Another for Nightmares: Roast 3-7 Tao Ren (remove skin/tip), administer with urine. Another for Emergency Ghost Zhu Heart Pain: Take 1 he Tao Ren, crush, boil, drink. *Shiyi Xinjing* treats Upper Qi Cough, Chest Fullness, Asthma: Take 3 liang Tao Ren (remove skin/tip), grind in 1 sheng water to extract juice, mix with 2 sheng Jing Mi... [Text fragment] ...and lower back pain. Take 1 sheng Tao Ren (remove tip/skin), roast until black smoke appears, grind hot into paste, mix with 3 sheng wine, take once to induce sweat. Cured within 3 doses. *Shanghan Leiyao* treats Jaundice: Body and eyes golden. Do not let women, chickens, or dogs see. Take 1 handful East-growing Tao Gen (cut thin like chopsticks), boil in 1 da sheng water to 1 xiao sheng, take warm on empty stomach. After 3-5 days, jaundice disperses like clouds. Final cure takes 100 days. After jaundice disperses, drink clear wine occasionally to help eyes disperse faster; otherwise slow. Avoid hot noodles, pork, fish. This is Xu Zhicai’s family secret. Another for Tian Xing with Lower Body Sores: Boil Tao Zhi water thick, take 1 fang cun bi. Another for Epidemics: Boil East-growing Tao Zhi finely, bathe, beneficial. Another for Pediatric Shanghan/Shi Qi: Tao Ye... [Fragment] ...treats Yin Swelling: Crush Tao Ren, apply. Another for Pediatric Sores/Blisters (Lan Chuang): Grind Tao Ren, apply with fat. Another for Pediatric Wet Tinea: Take 1 handful Bai Pi, boil in 2 sheng water to 0.5 sheng, drink all, cure. Repeat if needed. *Xiuzhen Mizhi*: Bathing after eating peach causes Lin Disease. *Baopuzi*: Soak Tao Gum in Mulberry Ash Lye and take to cure hundred diseases. Body becomes light, sees light in darkness, fast for months. *Jingchu Suishi Ji*: Xie Daotong saw children on Luofu Mountain pasting peach boards with vermilion on doors to ward off ghosts. Song Wang Wei: Peach Syrup is Yue Di Tongtian Liquid... Song Qiqiu *Huashu*: Li grafted onto peach, strong root, hairy fruit. *Zhou Li*: Right Military Officer manages chariot armor... offers peach as condiment. People in deep mountains cook it as rice. *Dianshu*: Peach is essence of Five Woods. Peach charms on doors repel evil qi; this is Immortal Wood. *Kongzi Jiayu*: Confucius sat with Duke Ai, offered peach and millet. Duke Ai said: Use it. Confucius ate millet first, then peach. Attendants laughed. Duke Ai: Millet cleanses peach, not for eating. *Dongjing Fu*: Duoshuo barrier guarded by Yulei. Shenshu assists, holding reed rope. Note: Ancient brothers Shenshu and Yulei inspected ghosts under peach tree, bound unreasonable ones with reed ropes to feed tigers. Hence left/right Shenshu/Yulei on peach charms. Malaria Treatment: Take 100 Tao Ren (remove skin/tip), grind in mortar to paste, avoid raw water. Add 3 qian Huang Dan when paste forms, make walnut-sized pills. Take 3 pills facing North on attack day with warm wine (well water if no wine). Prepare on May 5th at Wu hour. Avoid women, dogs, chickens.
*Yanyi* states: "Tao Ren varieties are many. Jingji has You Tao (Oil Peach), shiny, smaller, does not benefit Spleen. Some have spots and shine like oiled paint. One mountain variety matches 'Peach Blossoms Begin' in *Yueling*, but has many flowers few fruits, inedible, only for kernels. *Tang Wenxuan* refers to Shan Tao with red calyx. Taiyuan has Jin Tao (Golden Peach), deep yellow. Xijing has Kunlun Tao, deep purple-red flesh. These two are very sweet. Also Bingzi Tao, like modern fragrant cakes. For medicine, only naturally growing mountain peaches are correct, utilizing their dispersing/purgative action, not the plump/fine ones. Example: In Shanghan 8-9 days, fever with mania, lower abdominal fullness/pain due to blood stasis: Use 30 Tao Ren (boil, remove skin/tip, stir-fry bran until red, separate grind), 30 Meng Chong (remove wings), 20 Shui Zhi (stir-fry), 1 liang Chuan Da Huang. Powder together, mix with Tao Ren, pound evenly, make honey pills bean-sized. Take 20 pills with Tao Ren decoction. Stools will pass bloody stasis; cured. If not, repeat."