主火 热疮及疥疮，并捣碎敷之，取青胡桃子上皮，和为泥，染髭发，一染不变。胡
桃条中有法，即虾蟆儿，生水中，有尾如 （音余）鱼，渐大脚生，尾脱。卵主明目。《山
海
经》云∶活师，蝌蚪虫也。
（己酉添加衍义）
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味辛，温，无毒。主温中，心腹痛，呕吐，去口臭气。生南海。
陶隐居云∶味辛烈者为好，甚香，可常含之。其五和糁（素感切）中物皆宜人。廉姜，
温中下
气；益智，热；枸（音矩）橼（音沿），温；甘蕉、麂（音几）目并小冷尔。唐本注云∶豆
蔻，苗
似山姜，花黄白；苗、根及子亦似杜若。枸橼，性冷，陶云温，误尔。今注∶此草豆蔻也，
下
下，白色，花开即黄。根似高良姜。实若龙眼，而无鳞甲，中如石榴子。茎、叶、子皆味辛
而
香。十月收。今苑中亦种之。药性论云∶草豆蔻，可单用，能主一切冷气。陈藏器云∶山姜
，味辛，温。去恶气，温中，中恶霍乱，心腹冷痛，功用如姜。南人食之。根及苗并如姜，
而大作樟木臭。又有 子姜，黄色，紧，辛辣。破血气，殊强此姜。又云∶枸橼生岭南，大
叶，甘桔属也。子大如盏。味辛、酸，性温。皮，去气，除心头痰水，无别功。日华子云∶
豆
蔻花，热，无毒。下气，止呕逆，除霍乱，调中补胃气。消酒毒。又云山姜花，暖，无毒
。调中下气，消食，杀酒毒。
图经曰∶豆蔻，即草豆蔻也。生南海，今岭南皆有之。苗似芦，叶似山姜、杜若辈，根
似高
良姜。花作穗，嫩叶卷之而生，初如芙蓉，穗头深红色，叶渐展，花渐出，而色渐淡，亦有
黄
白色者。南人多采以当果。实尤贵，其嫩者，并穗入盐同淹治，叠叠作朵不散落。又以木槿
花同浸，欲其色耳。其作实者，若龙眼子而锐，皮无鳞甲，中子若石榴瓣，候熟采之，曝干
。根、苗微作樟木气。其山姜花，茎、叶皆姜也。但根不堪食，足与豆蔻花相乱而微小耳。
花生叶间，作穗如麦粒，嫩红色，南人取其未大开者，谓之含胎花。以盐水淹藏入甜糟中，
经冬如琥珀色，香辛可爱，用其脍醋，最相宜也。又以盐杀治曝干者，煎汤服之，极能除冷
气，止霍乱，消酒食毒，甚佳。
雷公云∶凡使，须去蒂并向里子后，取皮，用茱萸同于鏊上缓炒，待茱萸微黄黑，即去
茱萸
，取草豆蔻皮及子，杵用之。千金方∶治心腹胀满，短气。以草豆蔻一两，去皮为末，以木
瓜生姜汤下半钱。海药∶云∶豆蔻，生交趾，其根似益智，皮壳小浓，核如石榴，辛且香。
草
，树也，叶如芄兰而小。三月采其叶，细破阴干之。味近苦而有甘。
衍义曰∶豆蔻，草豆蔻也，气味极辛，微香。此是对肉豆蔻而名之。若作果，则味不和。
不
知前人之意，编入果部，有何意义？性温而调散冷气力，甚速。花性热，淹置京师，然味不
甚
美，微苦。必为能消酒毒，故为果。花干则色淡紫。
【背景信息】
书名：证类本草 作者：唐慎微 朝代：宋 章节：活师 / 卷第二十三 / 豆蔻 类别：本草
【待处理原文】
主治火毒热疮及疥疮，将（活师）捣碎后外敷患处。取青胡桃子的外皮，调和成泥状，用来染胡须和头发，一次染色便不再褪色。胡桃枝条中有一种生物叫“法”，即虾蟆儿，生长在水中，有尾巴像鱼（音余），逐渐长大长出脚，尾巴脱落。其卵主治明目。《山海经》说：活师，就是蝌蚪虫。
（己酉年添加《嘉祐补注本草·衍义》的内容）
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味辛，性温，无毒。主治温中散寒，治疗心腹疼痛，呕吐，去除口臭气。产于南海地区。
陶隐居说：味道辛辣烈性的为好，非常香，可以经常含在口中。它加入五和糁（素感切）中的食物里都很适宜。廉姜，能温中下气；益智仁，性热；枸橼（音矩）（音沿），性温；甘蕉、麂（音几）目都略微偏冷。唐本注说：豆蔻，苗叶像山姜，花黄白色；苗、根及果实也像杜若。枸橼，性冷，陶隐居说性温，是错误的。现在的注释：这是草豆蔻，下面部分白色，花开时呈黄色。根像高良姜。果实像龙眼，但没有鳞甲，中间像石榴子。茎、叶、果实都味辛而香。十月采收。现在苑中也种植它。《药性论》说：草豆蔻，可单用，能主治一切冷气。陈藏器说：山姜，味辛，性温。去除恶气，温中，治疗中恶霍乱，心腹冷痛，功效像生姜。南方人食用它。根和苗都像姜，但气味大如樟木臭。又有子姜，黄色，紧实，辛辣。破血气，力量特别强于这种姜。又说：枸橼生长在岭南，叶子大，属于甘桔类。果实大如盏。味辛、酸，性温。果皮，能行气，清除心头痰水，没有其他功效。日华子说：豆蔻花，性热，无毒。下气，止呕逆，除霍乱，调中补胃气。消除酒毒。又说山姜花，性暖，无毒。调中下气，消食，杀酒毒。
《图经》说：豆蔻，就是草豆蔻。产于南海，现在岭南都有。苗像芦苇，叶像山姜、杜若之类，根像高良姜。花成穗状，嫩叶卷曲而生，初开如芙蓉，穗头深红色，叶子渐展，花渐出，颜色渐淡，也有黄白色的。南方人多采摘当作水果。果实尤其珍贵，嫩的，连同花穗一起用盐腌制处理，层层叠叠成朵不散落。又用木槿花同浸，为了使其颜色好看。做成干果的，像龙眼子但更尖，皮无鳞甲，中间种子像石榴瓣，成熟后采收，晒干。根、苗略带樟木气味。那山姜花，茎、叶都是姜类。只是根不适合食用，足以与豆蔻花混淆且较小。花生在叶间，成穗如麦粒，嫩红色，南方人取其未完全开放的，称为含胎花。用盐水腌制藏在甜糟中，经过冬天变成琥珀色，香辛可爱，用它做脍醋，最合适。又用盐处理后晒干的，煎汤服用，极能除冷气，止霍乱，消酒食毒，很好。
雷公说：凡是使用，必须去掉蒂和朝向里面的子，取皮，用吴茱萸一起在鏊上慢炒，待吴茱萸微黄黑，就去掉吴茱萸，取草豆蔻皮及子，捣碎使用。《千金方》：治心腹胀满，短气。用草豆蔻一两，去皮研末，用木瓜生姜汤送服半钱。《海药本草》说：豆蔻，产于交趾，它的根像益智仁，皮壳小且厚，核像石榴，辛且香。草，是树，叶像芄兰但小。三月采集它的叶，细破阴干。味道近苦而有甘。
《衍义》说：豆蔻，是草豆蔻，气味极辛，微香。这是相对于肉豆蔻而言命名的。如果作为水果，则味道不和。不知道前人的意思，编入果部，有什么意义？性温而调散冷气之力，很快。花性热，浸泡在京师，然而味道不很美，微苦。必定是因为能消酒毒，所以被归为果。花干后颜色淡紫。
[Background Information]
Book: Zhenglei Bencao (Compendium of Materia Medica) Author: Tang Shenwei Dynasty: Song Chapter: Huoshi / Volume 23 / Doukou Category: Materia Medica
[Original Text to Process]
Mainly treats fire-toxin heat sores and scabies; crush it and apply externally. Take the outer skin of green walnut, mix into a paste, and use to dye beard and hair; one application does not fade. There is a method in walnut branches called "Fa", which is the tadpole frog, living in water, with a tail like a fish (pronounced Yu), gradually growing legs and shedding its tail. Its eggs mainly benefit vision. The Classic of Mountains and Seas states: Huoshi is the tadpole insect.
(Added in Jiyou year from Yan Yi [Supplementary Meaning])
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Taste: Acrid (Pungent). Nature: Warm. Non-toxic. Mainly warms the middle jiao, treats heart and abdominal pain, vomiting, removes bad breath odor. Grows in the South Sea region.
Tao Hongjing says: Those with strong acrid taste are good, very fragrant, can be held in the mouth often. It is suitable when added to foods mixed with Wuhe San (Five-Grain Mixture). Lianjiang (Zingiber officinale var. zedoaria?), warms the middle and directs qi downward; Yizhi Ren (Alpinia oxyphylla), hot nature; Gouyuan (Citrus medica), warm; Ganjiao (Banana), Jimu (Deer-eye longan or similar), both slightly cold. Tang Ben Zhu notes: Doukou seedlings resemble Ziang (Mountain Ginger), flowers yellow-white; seedlings, roots, and fruits also resemble Du Ruo. Gouyuan is cold in nature; Tao said it was warm, which is an error. Current annotation: This is Caodoukou (Grass Cardamom). The lower part is white; when flowers bloom, they are yellow. Roots resemble Gaoliangjiang (Galangal). Fruits resemble Longyan (Longan) but lack scales; inside resembles pomegranate seeds. Stems, leaves, and fruits are all acrid and fragrant. Harvested in October. Now planted in imperial gardens. Yao Xing Lun states: Caodoukou can be used alone, capable of treating all types of cold qi. Chen Cangqi states: Shanjing (Mountain Ginger), acrid, warm. Removes evil qi, warms the middle, treats Zhong'e Huoluan (Sudden collapse cholera-like syndrome), cold pain in heart and abdomen; efficacy similar to Ginger. Southerners eat it. Roots and seedlings resemble ginger but smell strongly like camphor wood. There is also Zijiang (Young Ginger), yellow, firm, spicy. Breaks blood and qi, much stronger than this ginger. Also states: Gouyuan grows in Lingnan, large leaves, belongs to Citrus reticulata group. Fruit large as a cup. Taste acrid, sour, nature warm. Peel moves qi, removes phlegm-fluid from heart area, no other efficacy. Ri Hua Zi states: Doukou flower, hot, non-toxic. Directs qi downward, stops vomiting and reflux, eliminates Huoluan, harmonizes middle and supplements stomach qi. Eliminates alcohol toxicity. Also states Shanjing flower, warm, non-toxic. Harmonizes middle, directs qi downward, aids digestion, kills alcohol toxicity.
Tu Jing states: Doukou is Caodoukou. Grows in South Sea, now present throughout Lingnan. Seedlings resemble reeds, leaves resemble Shanjing, Du Ruo etc., roots resemble Gaoliangjiang. Flowers form spikes; tender leaves roll up to grow, initially like hibiscus, spike tip deep red, leaves gradually unfold, flowers emerge, color fades, some are yellow-white. Southerners often pick them as fruit. Fruits are especially precious; tender ones, along with spikes, are preserved with salt, layered into clusters that do not scatter. Soaked with Hibiscus mutabilis flowers to enhance color. Dried fruits resemble Longyan but sharper, peel lacks scales, inner seeds resemble pomegranate segments, harvested when ripe and dried. Roots and seedlings have slight camphor aroma. As for Shanjing flower, stems and leaves are ginger-type. Only roots are inedible, easily confused with Doukou flower but smaller. Flowers arise between leaves, forming spikes like wheat grains, tender red. Southerners pick those not fully open, called Han Tai Hua (Embryo Flower). Preserved in salt water and sweet fermented rice wine, turning amber-colored through winter, fragrant and pungent, very suitable for making kuai vinegar. Salt-treated and dried ones, decocted and taken orally, excellently eliminate cold qi, stop Huoluan, digest alcohol/food toxins, very good.
Lei Gong states: When using, must remove the stem and inner seeds, take the peel, stir-fry slowly on a pan with Evodia rutaecarpa until Evodia turns slightly yellow-black, then remove Evodia, take Caodoukou peel and seeds, pound for use. Qian Jin Fang: Treats heart and abdomen fullness, shortness of breath. Use Caodoukou 1 liang, remove peel, powder, take half qian with Papaya and Ginger decoction. Hai Yao states: Doukou grows in Jiaozhi, roots resemble Yizhi Ren, shell small and thick, core like pomegranate, acrid and fragrant. Cao is a tree, leaves like Wanlan but smaller. Pick leaves in March, break finely, dry in shade. Taste near bitter yet sweet.
Yan Yi states: Doukou is Caodoukou, extremely acrid odor, slightly fragrant. Named relative to Rou Doukou (Nutmeg). If used as fruit, taste is not harmonious. Do not know the intent of predecessors, why included in Fruit section? Nature warm, power to disperse cold qi is very fast. Flower nature hot, soaked in capital, but taste not very good, slightly bitter. Likely classified as fruit because it can eliminate alcohol toxicity. Dried flowers turn pale purple.