\r珍珠\pd421.bmp\r
寒，无毒。主手足皮肤逆胪，镇心。绵裹塞耳，主聋。敷面令人润泽好颜色。粉点目
中，主肤翳障膜。（今附）
臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶珍珠，君。治眼中翳障白膜，七宝散用磨翳障，亦能坠痰。日
华
子云∶珍珠子，安心，明目，驻颜色也。
图经曰∶珍珠，《本经》不载所出州土，今出廉州，北海亦有之。生珠牡（俗谓之珠母）。
珠
牡，蚌类也。按《岭表录异》∶廉州边海中有洲岛，岛上有大池，谓之珠池。每岁刺史亲监
珠户入池采老蚌，割取珠以充贡。池虽在海上，而人疑其底与海通，池水乃淡，此不可测也。
土人采小蚌肉作脯食之，往往得细珠如米者。乃知此池之蚌，随大小皆有珠矣。而今取珠牡
，云得之海旁，不必是珠池中也。其北海珠蚌，种类小别。人取其肉，或有得珠者，但不常
有，其珠亦不甚光莹，药中不堪用。又∶蚌属中有一种似江珧者，其腹亦有珠，皆不及南海
者奇而且多。入药须用新完未经钻缀者为佳。
海药云谨按《正经》云∶生南海，石决明产出也。主明目，除面 ，止泄，合知母疗烦
热，消渴。以左缠根，治儿子麸豆疮入眼。蜀中西路女瓜亦出珍珠，是蚌蛤产，光白甚好，
不及
舶上彩耀。欲穿须得金刚钻也。为药须久研如粉面，方∶堪服饵。研之不细，伤人腑腑。雷
公
以
牡蛎约重四、五斤以来，先置于平底铛中，以物四向 令稳，然后着珍珠于上了，方∶下锉
了三
件
细
，以绢罗重重筛过，却更研二丸下了，用。凡使，要不伤破及钻透者，方可用也。外台秘
要∶疗子死腹中方，珍珠二两，为末，酒调服尽，立出。千金方∶治儿胞衣不出，苦酒服
珍珠末一
珠末
以鸡冠血和丸小豆大，以三、四粒纳口中。又方∶主镇安魂魄，珠蜜方∶炼珍珠如大豆，以
蜜一
蚬壳，和一服与一豆许，日三。大宜小儿矣。抱朴子∶珍珠径寸以上可服，服之可以长久。
酪浆渍
之
绝谷得长生。
衍义曰∶珍珠，小儿惊热药中多用。河北圹泺中，亦有围及寸者，色多微红，珠母与廉
州珠
母不相类。但清水急流处，其色光白；水浊及不流处，其色暗。余如《经》。
珍珠，性寒，无毒。主治手足皮肤逆胪（皮肤粗糙增厚），具有镇心安神的作用。用绵布包裹塞入耳中，可治疗耳聋。敷于面部可使面色润泽、气色美好。将珍珠粉点入眼中，可治疗肤翳障膜（角膜云翳或白内障等眼疾）。（今附部分）
臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》记载：珍珠为君药。治疗眼中翳障白膜，七宝散中需磨碎珍珠以去除翳障，珍珠也能坠痰（降泄痰浊）。日华子说：珍珠子能安心神，明目，驻留容颜（延缓衰老）。
《图经本草》记载：珍珠，《神农本草经》未记载其出产州土，现在产于廉州，北海也有出产。珍珠生于珠牡（俗称珠母，即产珍珠的贝类）。珠牡属于蚌类。据《岭表录异》记载：廉州海边有洲岛，岛上有大池，称为珠池。每年刺史亲自监督采珠户进入池中采集老蚌，剖取珍珠以进贡。池虽在海边，但人们怀疑池底与海相通，而池水却是淡水，这不可推测。当地人采集小蚌肉制成干脯食用，往往能得到如米粒般细小的珍珠。由此可知此池中的蚌，无论大小都有珍珠。而现在获取珠牡，说是从海边得到，不一定非要是珠池中产的。北海的珠蚌，种类略有不同。人们取其蚌肉，有时也能得到珍珠，但不常有，且珍珠也不甚光亮莹润，在药用方面不堪使用。另外，蚌属中有一种类似江珧的贝类，其腹中也有珍珠，但都不及南海产的奇特且数量多。入药必须使用新近完好、未经钻孔缀连的为好。
《海药本草》记载：谨按《正经》说：珍珠生于南海，是石决明产生的地方。主治明目，去除面黑斑，止泻，配合知母治疗烦热、消渴症。用左缠根（一种草药名），治疗小儿麸豆疮（天花或痘疹类疾病）侵入眼睛。蜀中西路的女瓜也出产珍珠，是蚌蛤所产，光泽洁白很好，不及舶来品色彩耀目。若要钻孔必须使用金刚钻。作为药物需要长时间研磨成粉面状，才能服用。研磨不细，会损伤脏腑。雷公炮制法：选取重量四、五斤以上的牡蛎，先放在平底铛中，用物体四面固定使其稳固，然后将珍珠放上面，接着放入三件细锉工具，用绢筛层层筛选，再研磨两丸的量后使用。凡是用珍珠，必须是不破损及未被钻孔透过的，才可以药用。《外台秘要》记载：治疗胎死腹中，珍珠二两，研为末，用酒调服尽，胎儿立即产出。《千金方》记载：治疗婴儿胞衣不下，用苦醋送服珍珠末一丸；或用鸡冠血调和珍珠末制成小豆大小的丸药，取三四粒纳入口中。又一方：主治镇安魂魄，珠蜜方：炼制珍珠如大豆大小，用一蚬壳量的蜂蜜，调和一次服用约一粒豆的量，每日三次。非常适合小儿使用。《抱朴子》记载：直径一寸以上的珍珠可以服用，服用它可以长寿。用酪浆浸泡它，断食五谷可得长生。
《衍义》记载：珍珠，小儿惊热药中多用。河北旷野沼泽中，也有直径达一寸的，颜色多微红，珠母与廉州的珠母不相类似。但在清水急流处，其颜色光白；水浑浊及不流动处，其颜色暗。其余内容如《本经》所述。
Pearl (Zhenzhu), Cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats inverted and thickened skin on the hands and feet (Shouzutan Pifu Nilu), calms the Heart spirit (Zhenxin). Wrapped in cotton and inserted into the ear, it treats deafness (Long). Applied to the face, it makes the complexion lustrous and beautiful. Pearl powder applied to the eyes treats corneal opacity or membrane obstruction (Fuyi Zhangmo) [Modern Addition].
Minister Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun* (Treatise on the Nature of Medicinals): Pearl is a Sovereign drug (Jun). It treats white membranes and opacities in the eyes; in Qibao San (Seven-Treasure Powder), pearl is ground to remove opacities; it can also descend phlegm (Zhuitan). Ri Huazi states: Pearl seeds calm the mind, brighten the eyes, and preserve youthfulness (Zhu Yanse).
*Tujing* (Illustrated Classic) states: Pearl is not recorded in the *Benjing* (*Shennong Bencao Jing*) regarding its place of origin. Currently, it is produced in Lianzhou, and also in Beihai. Pearls are generated by Zhuomu (commonly known as Zhumu, the pearl oyster/mussel). Zhuomu belongs to the mussel family. According to *Lingbiao Luyi*: In Lianzhou, there are islands off the coast with large pools called Pearl Pools. Every year, the prefect personally supervises pearl collectors entering the pools to harvest old mussels, cutting them open to obtain pearls for tribute. Although the pool is by the sea, people suspect its bottom connects to the sea, yet the water is fresh, which is inexplicable. Locals collect small mussels, make them into dried meat jerky, and often find fine pearls like rice grains. Thus, it is known that the mussels in this pool produce pearls regardless of size. However, currently obtained Zhuomu is said to come from the seaside, not necessarily from the Pearl Pool. The pearl mussels of Beihai differ slightly in species. People take their meat, sometimes obtaining pearls, but rarely, and the pearls are not very lustrous, making them unsuitable for medicinal use. Furthermore, among mussels, there is a type resembling *Pinna* (Jiangyao) that has pearls in its belly, but none compare to those from the South Sea in rarity and quantity. For medicinal use, newly intact pearls that have not been drilled or strung are preferred.
*Haiyao Bencao* (Sea Medicinal Materia Medica) states: According to the *Zhengjing*, pearls are born in the South Sea, where Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha) is produced. They treat brightening the eyes, removing facial pigmentation (Mianhei), stopping diarrhea, and treating irritability, heat, and thirst (Xiaoke) when combined with Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma). Used with Zuochangen (a herb name), it treats infant variola/eczema entering the eye. Nuwa in the Western Road of Shu also produces pearls from mussels/clams; they are bright and white, good quality, though not as colorful as imported ones. Drilling requires a diamond drill. As medicine, it must be ground finely into powder to be taken. If not ground finely, it damages the viscera. Lei Gong's processing method: Select an Ostrea shell weighing four or five jin, place it in a flat pan, stabilize it with objects around it, then place the pearl on top. Add three fine grinding tools, sieve repeatedly through silk gauze, then grind further until equivalent to two pills' worth. When using pearl, ensure it is not broken or drilled through. *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies): Treats retained placenta/fetus death in the womb. Pearl 2 liang, ground to powder, taken with wine in one dose, resulting in immediate expulsion. *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold): Treats retained placenta in infants. Take pearl powder mixed with vinegar (Ku Jiu); or mix pearl powder with rooster comb blood to form pills the size of soybeans, insert 3-4 pills into the mouth. Another formula: Calms and stabilizes the soul (Zhen'an Hunpo). Pearl Honey Formula: Refine pearl to the size of a large soybean, mix with honey from one clam shell, take once per dose (about the size of a bean), three times daily. Very suitable for children. *Baopuzi*: Pearls over one cun in diameter can be taken; taking them promotes longevity. Soaking in whey and practicing grain avoidance leads to immortality.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) states: Pearl is frequently used in medicines for pediatric convulsive fever. In the marshes of Hebei, pearls up to one cun in circumference exist, mostly slightly red; their mother shells differ from those of Lianzhou. In clear, fast-flowing water, the color is bright white; in turbid or stagnant water, the color is dark. Other details remain as stated in the *Jing* (*Benjing*).