味苦，温、微寒，无毒。主风热，死肌，痈伤，口干舌焦，痈肿不消，喉舌肿，不通
，水浆不下，大惊入腹，除邪气，养肾，主腰髋（音宽）痛，坚筋骨，利关节。久服轻身，
明目，润泽，好颜色，不老延年，通神。一名石鲮（音陵），一名石蹉，一名略石，一名明
石
，一名领石，一名悬石。生泰山川谷，或石山之阴，或高山岩石上，或生人间。正月采。（
杜仲、牡丹为之使，恶铁落，畏贝母、菖蒲。）
陶隐居云∶不识此药，仙、俗方法都无用者，或云是石类。既云或生人间，则非石，犹
如石
斛等，系石以为名尔。唐本注云∶此物生阴湿处，冬夏常青，实黑而圆，其茎蔓延绕树石侧
。若在石间者，叶细浓而圆短。绕树生者，叶大而薄。人家亦种之，俗名耐冬，山南人谓之
石血，疗产后血结，大良。以其苞络石、木而生，故名络石。《别录》谓之石龙藤，主疗蝮
蛇疮，绞取汁洗之，服汁亦去蛇毒心闷。刀斧伤诸疮，封之立瘥。今按陈藏器本草云∶络
石
，煮汁服之，主一切风，变白宜老。在石者良，在木者随木有功。生山之阴，与薜荔相似。
更有木莲、石血、地锦等十余种藤，并是其类，大略皆主风血，暖腰脚，变白不衰。若呼石
血为络石，殊误尔。石血叶尖，一头赤，络石叶圆，正青。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶生
木
石间，凌冬不凋，叶似细橘，蔓延木石之阴，茎节着处，即生根须，包络石旁，花白，子黑
。今所在有，六月、七月采茎、叶，日干。药性论云∶络石，君，恶铁精，杀孽毒。味甘，
平。主治喉痹。陈藏器云∶地锦，味甘，温，无毒。主破老血，产后血结，妇人瘦损，不
能
饮食，腹中有块，淋沥不尽，赤白带下，天行心闷。并煎服之，亦浸酒。生淮南林下，叶如
鸭掌，藤蔓着地，节处有根，亦缘树石，冬月不死，山人产后用之。一名地噤。苏恭注曰∶
络石，石血亦此类也。又云∶扶芳藤，味苦，小温，无毒。主一切血，一切气，一切冷，去
百
病。久服延年，变白不老。山人取枫树上者为附枫藤。亦如桑上寄生，大主风血。一名滂藤
。
性冷
，以酒浸服。藤苗小时如络石、薜荔夤缘树木，三、五十年渐大，枝叶繁茂，叶圆长二、三
寸，浓若石苇。生子似莲房，中有细子，一年一熟。子亦入用，房破血。一名木莲，打破有
白汁，停久如漆，采取无时也。又云土鼓藤，味苦。子，味甘，温，无毒。主风血，羸老，
腹内诸冷，血闭，强腰脚，变白。煮服，浸酒服。生林薄间，作蔓绕草木，叶头尖，子熟如
珠，碧色正圆。小儿取藤于地，打用鼓声，李邕名为常春藤。日华子云∶木莲藤汁，敷白癜
，疡及风恶疥癣。又云常春藤，一名龙鳞薜荔。
图经曰∶络石，生泰山川谷，或石山之阴，或高山岩上，或生人间，今在处有之。宫寺
及人
家
亭圃山石间，种以为饰。叶圆如细橘，正青，冬夏不凋。其茎蔓延，茎节着处，即生根须，
包络石上，以此得名。花白子黑，正月采，或云六月、七月采茎、叶，日干。以石上生者良
。其在木上者，随木性而移。薜荔、木莲、地锦、石血，皆其类也。薜荔与此极相类，但茎
叶粗大，如藤状。近人用其叶治背痈，干末服之，下利即愈。木莲更大如络石，其实若莲房
，能壮阳道，尤胜。地锦叶如鸭掌，蔓着地上，随节有根，亦缘木石上。石血极与络石相类
，但叶头尖而赤耳。
雷公云∶凡采得后，用粗布揩叶上茎蔓上毛了，用熟甘草水浸一伏时，出，切，日干任
用
。
外台秘要∶治喉痹，咽喉寒，喘息不通，须臾欲绝，神验。以络石草二两，水一升，煎取一
大
盏，去滓，细细吃，须臾即通。背痈∶《图经》云∶薜荔治背痈。晟顷寓宜兴县，张渚镇有
一
老举人聚村学，年七十余，忽一日患发背，村中无他医药，急取薜荔叶，烂研绞汁，和蜜饮
数升，以其滓敷疮上，后以他药敷贴，遂愈。医者云∶其本盖得薜荔之力，乃知《图经》所
载不妄。
味苦，性温、微寒，无毒。主治风热邪气，肌肉坏死，痈疽创伤，口干舌燥焦枯，痈肿不消散，咽喉及舌头肿胀，吞咽困难，水浆无法下咽，大惊入腹（惊悸严重至腹部不适），祛除邪气，滋养肾脏，主治腰髋（音宽）疼痛，坚固筋骨，滑利关节。长期服用可身体轻盈，明目，润泽肌肤，面色红润，延缓衰老延年益寿，通灵达神。又名石鲮（音陵），又名石蹉，又名略石，又名明石，又名领石，又名悬石。生长在泰山的川谷中，或者石山的北面，或者高山的岩石上，或者生长在人居之地。正月采收。（杜仲、牡丹为其辅药，忌铁落，畏贝母、菖蒲。）
陶隐居说：不认识这种药，仙人和世俗的方法都没有使用它的，有人说它是石类。既然说有时生长在人居之地，那就不是石头，就像石斛等，借石头来命名罢了。《唐本草》注解说：这种植物生长在阴湿处，冬夏常青，果实黑色而圆，茎蔓延伸缠绕在树石侧面。如果在石缝间生长的，叶子细小浓密而圆短。缠绕树木生长的，叶子大而薄。人家也种植它，俗名耐冬，山南人叫它石血，治疗产后血结，效果很好。因为它苞裹缠绕着石头、树木生长，所以名叫络石。《名医别录》叫它石龙藤，主治蝮蛇咬伤造成的疮毒，绞取汁液清洗伤口，服用汁液也能去除蛇毒引起的心闷。刀斧伤等各种疮疡，外敷即可立即痊愈。现在参考陈藏器《本草》说：络石，煮汁服用，主治各种风病，使人头发变白宜于老年人在内服用。生长在石头上的好，生长在木头上的随木头的特性起作用。生长在山的北面，与薜荔相似。更有木莲、石血、地锦等十多种藤本植物，都属于这一类，大体上都主治风血病，温暖腰脚，使头发变白且不衰退。如果把石血称为络石，就大错特错了。石血叶子尖，一头红，络石叶子圆，正青色。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本草图经》说：生长在木石之间，凌冬不凋谢，叶子像细橘子，蔓延在木石的北面，茎节接触的地方，就生根须，包络在石头旁边，花白色，果实黑色。现在各地都有，六月、七月采收茎、叶，晒干。《药性论》说：络石，为君药，忌铁精，杀孽毒。味甘，平。主治喉痹。陈藏器说：地锦，味甘，温，无毒。主治破败老血，产后血结，妇人消瘦虚弱，不能饮食，腹中有肿块，淋沥不尽，赤白带下，时行传染病引起的心闷。都煎服，也可以浸酒。生长在淮南林下，叶子像鸭掌，藤蔓贴着地面，节处有根，也攀缘树木石头，冬天不死，山人用于产后。又名地噤。苏恭注解道：络石，石血也是这一类。又说：扶芳藤，味苦，小温，无毒。主治一切血病，一切气病，一切冷病，去除百病。长期服用延年益寿，头发变白不老。山人采集枫树上的作为附枫藤。也像桑上寄生一样，主要治疗风血病。又名滂藤。性冷，用酒浸服。藤苗小时像络石、薜荔攀缘树木，三、五十年逐渐变大，枝叶繁茂，叶子圆长二、三寸，浓绿像石苇。结子像莲房，里面有细子，一年成熟一次。子也入药，房破血。又名木莲，打破有白色汁液，放置久了像漆，采取没有固定时间。又说土鼓藤，味苦。子，味甘，温，无毒。主治风血，瘦弱年老，腹内各种冷病，血闭，强壮腰脚，头发变白。煮服，浸酒服。生长在树林草丛间，作蔓绕草木，叶头尖，子熟如珠，碧色正圆。小儿取藤在地上打，发出鼓声，李邕名为常春藤。日华子说：木莲藤汁，敷治白癜风，溃疡及风恶疥癣。又说常春藤，又名龙鳞薜荔。
《图经》说：络石，生长在泰山的川谷中，或者石山的北面，或者高山的岩石上，或者生长在人居之地，现在到处都有。宫寺以及人家亭圃山石间，种植作为装饰。叶子圆如细橘子，正青色，冬夏不凋谢。其茎蔓延，茎节接触的地方，就生根须，包络在石头上，因此得名。花白色果实黑色，正月采收，也有人说六月、七月采收茎、叶，晒干。以石上生长的为好。那些长在木头上的，随木头的特性而移动。薜荔、木莲、地锦、石血，都是这一类。薜荔与此极相似，但茎叶粗大，呈藤状。近人用其叶子治疗背痈，研成干末服用，腹泻后就好了。木莲比络石更大，其果实像莲房，能壮阳道，尤其胜过络石。地锦叶子像鸭掌，蔓贴在地上，随节有根，也攀缘木石上。石血极与络石相似，只是叶头尖且红。
雷公说：凡是采得后，用粗布擦拭叶上茎蔓上的毛，用熟甘草水浸泡一个晚上（一伏时），取出，切碎，晒干备用。
《外台秘要》：治疗喉痹，咽喉寒冷，喘息不通，片刻就要断气，神效。用络石草二两，水一升，煎取一大盏，去渣，细细喝下，片刻即通。背痈：《图经》说：薜荔治疗背痈。我过去寓居宜兴县，张渚镇有一个老举人在村里办学，七十多岁，忽然有一天患发背疮，村中没有其他医药，急忙取薜荔叶，捣烂绞汁，和蜜饮用数升，用剩下的渣滓敷在疮上，后来用其他药物敷贴，于是痊愈。医生说：这原本大概是得到薜荔的力量，才知道《图经》所载不虚假。
Bitter in taste, warm and slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-heat pathogenic factors, necrosis of muscle tissue, carbuncles and traumatic injuries, dry mouth with scorched tongue, persistent swelling of carbuncles, swelling of the throat and tongue, difficulty swallowing where water and fluids cannot pass down, severe fright entering the abdomen (severe palpitations causing abdominal discomfort), expelling evil qi, nourishing the Kidney, treating pain in the lower back and hips (pronounced "kuan"), strengthening bones and tendons, and benefiting the joints. Long-term consumption makes the body feel light, improves vision, moistens the skin, enhances complexion, prevents aging and prolongs life, and promotes spiritual clarity. Also known as Shiling (Shí Líng), Shicuo (Shí Cuō), Lüeshi (Lüè Shí), Mingshi (Míng Shí), Lingshi (Lǐng Shí), and Xianshi (Xuán Shí). It grows in valleys of Mount Tai, on the shady side of rocky mountains, on high mountain rocks, or in inhabited areas. Harvested in the first lunar month. (Duzhong [Eucommia Bark] and Mudan [Tree Peony Root Bark] act as its assistants; it is incompatible with Tieluo [Iron Filings], and fears Beimu [Fritillaria Bulb] and Changpu [Acorus Rhizome].)
Tao Hongjing stated: I do not recognize this herb; neither immortal nor secular methods use it. Some say it is a stone-like substance. Since it is said to sometimes grow in inhabited areas, it is not a stone, just like Shihu [Dendrobium Stem], which borrows the name from stones. The *Tang Bencao* annotation notes: This plant grows in shady and damp places, remaining evergreen in winter and summer. Its fruits are black and round, and its stems creep and wrap around trees and rocks. If growing among stones, the leaves are fine, dense, round, and short. If wrapping around trees, the leaves are large and thin. People also cultivate it, commonly called Naidong [Evergreen], and people in southern mountains call it Xuexue [Stone Blood]. It effectively treats postpartum blood stasis. Because it envelopes and wraps around stones and trees while growing, it is named Luoshi [Creeper Stone]. The *Bie Lu* (Nameless Classic of Famous Physicians) calls it Shilongteng [Stone Dragon Vine], treating venomous snake bite sores by squeezing out juice for washing; ingesting the juice also removes heart stuffiness caused by snake poison. For knife and axe wounds and various sores, applying it externally leads to immediate healing. Currently consulting Chen Cangqi's *Bencao*: Luoshi, when boiled into juice and ingested, treats all kinds of wind diseases and is suitable for elderly people whose hair has turned white. Those growing on stones are superior; those growing on wood derive efficacy from the wood. Growing on the shady side of mountains, it resembles Bili [Creeping Fig]. There are more than ten other types of vines such as Mulian [Wood Lotus], Xuexue [Stone Blood], and Dijin [Ground Brocade], all belonging to this category. Generally, they all treat wind-blood disorders, warm the waist and feet, prevent hair whitening and decay. Confusing Xuexue with Luoshi is a significant error. Xuexue leaves are pointed with one end red; Luoshi leaves are round and pure green. Ministers Yuxi and others carefully followed the *Shu Ben Tu Jing*: It grows between wood and stones, does not wither in winter, leaves resemble small citrus, creeping on the shady side of wood and stones, rooting at stem nodes, enveloping stones, with white flowers and black seeds. It is present everywhere now; stems and leaves are harvested in the sixth and seventh lunar months and dried in the sun. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Luoshi is the Sovereign herb, incompatible with Tiejing [Iron Essence], kills malevolent toxins. Sweet in taste, neutral. Treats Houbi [Sore Throat/Obstruction]. Chen Cangqi says: Dijin [Ground Brocade], sweet in taste, warm, non-toxic. Treats old broken blood, postpartum blood stasis, emaciation in women, inability to eat, abdominal masses, dribbling urination, leukorrhea (red and white discharge), and heart stuffiness caused by epidemic febrile diseases. All can be decocted for ingestion or soaked in wine. Grows under forests in Huainan, leaves like duck feet, vines lie on the ground, roots at nodes, also climbs trees and rocks, survives winter, used by mountain people for postpartum conditions. Also known as Di Jin. Su Gong annotated: Luoshi and Xuexue are of the same category. He further stated: Fangfangteng [Creeping Fig Vine], bitter in taste, slightly warm, non-toxic. Treats all blood disorders, all qi disorders, all cold conditions, eliminating hundred diseases. Long-term consumption prolongs life, turns hair white without aging. Mountain people collect those on maple trees as Fufengteng [Maple-climbing Vine]. Similar to Sangshang Jisheng [Mistletoe on Mulberry], primarily treating wind-blood disorders. Also known as Pangteng. Cold in nature, taken after soaking in wine. Young vines resemble Luoshi and Bili climbing trees. After thirty to fifty years, they grow larger with lush foliage, leaves round and long two to three inches, thick like Shiwei [Pyrrosia Leaf]. Fruits resemble lotus pods containing fine seeds, ripening once a year. Seeds are also used medicinally; the pod breaks blood. Also known as Mulian [Wood Lotus]; breaking it yields white juice that turns dark like lacquer over time; harvest time is indefinite. He also mentioned Tutengteng [Earth Drum Vine], bitter in taste. Seeds are sweet, warm, non-toxic. Treat wind-blood, frailty in old age, various cold conditions in the abdomen, blood obstruction, strengthens waist and feet, prevents hair whitening. Taken as decoction or wine infusion. Grows in forest thickets, creeping vines on grass and trees, pointed leaf tips, ripe seeds like pearls, bright green and perfectly round. Children beat the vines on the ground to produce drum sounds; Li Yong named it Changchunteng [Evergreen Ivy]. Ri Hua Zi stated: Mulian vine juice applied externally treats Bai Dian [Vitiligo], ulcers, and severe wind-induced tinea and scabies. He also stated Changchunteng [Evergreen Ivy], also known as Longlin Bili [Dragon-scale Creeping Fig].
The *Tu Jing* states: Luoshi grows in valleys of Mount Tai, on the shady side of rocky mountains, on high mountain rocks, or in inhabited areas, and is now found everywhere. Planted in palaces, temples, pavilions, gardens, and among rocks as decoration. Leaves are round like small citrus, pure green, evergreen in winter and summer. Stems creep, rooting at nodes, enveloping stones, hence the name. White flowers, black seeds, harvested in the first lunar month, or some say stems and leaves in the sixth and seventh lunar months, dried in the sun. Those growing on stones are superior. Those growing on wood change with the nature of the wood. Bili, Mulian, Dijin, and Xuexue are all related. Bili is very similar but has thicker stems and leaves, appearing vine-like. Recent practitioners use its leaves to treat Back Carbuncles; dried powder ingested stops diarrhea and cures the condition. Mulian is larger than Luoshi, its fruit resembles a lotus pod, strongly boosts sexual function, and is superior. Dijin leaves look like duck feet, vines lie on the ground, root at nodes, also climb trees and rocks. Xuexue is extremely similar to Luoshi, only differing in having pointed and reddish leaf tips.
Lei Gong stated: After harvesting, wipe the hairs off the leaves and stems with coarse cloth, soak in cooked Licorice Water for one night (Fu Shi), take out, slice, and dry in the sun for use.
*Waitai Miyao*: Treats Houbi [Sore Throat/Obstruction], cold throat, inability to breathe, impending suffocation, highly effective. Use Er Liang [two taels] of Luoshi Cao [Luoshi Herb], one Sheng [liter] of water, decoct until reduced to one Da Zhan [large cup], remove dregs, drink slowly; breathing will clear shortly. Back Carbuncle: The *Tu Jing* states: Bili treats Back Carbuncles. I previously resided in Yixing County, Zhangzhu Town, where an elderly scholar running a village school, over seventy years old, suddenly developed a Back Carbuncle. With no other medicine available in the village, we urgently took Bili leaves, pounded them thoroughly, squeezed out the juice, mixed with honey, and drank several Sheng. The residue was applied to the sore, followed by other medicinal dressings, resulting in recovery. The physician stated: The cure was likely due to the power of Bili, confirming that the records in the *Tu Jing* are not false.