味辛,温,无毒。主百病,养精神,和颜色,为诸药先聘通使。久服轻身不老,面生
光华,媚好常如童子。生交址、桂林山谷岩崖间,无骨,正圆如竹。立秋采。陶隐居云∶交
址属交州,桂林属广州,而《蜀都赋》云∶菌桂临崖。俗中不见正圆如竹者,唯嫩枝破卷成
圆,犹根据桂用,非真菌桂也。《仙经》乃有用菌桂,云三重者良,则明非今桂矣,必当别是
一物,应更研访。唐本注云∶菌者,竹名。古方用筒桂者是,故云三重者良。其筒桂亦有二
、三重卷者,叶似柿叶,中三道纹,肌理紧薄如竹。大枝、小枝皮俱是菌。然大枝皮不能重
卷,味极淡薄,不入药用。今唯出韶州。目禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶叶似柿叶而尖狭光净
,花白蕊黄,四月开,五月结实。树皮青黄,薄卷若筒,亦名筒桂。浓硬味薄者名板桂。又
不入药用。三月、七月采皮,晒干。
图经文具桂条下。
列仙传范蠡好食桂,饮水讨药,人世世见之。又曰∶桂父,象林人,常服桂皮、叶,以
龟脑和服之。韩终采药诗暗河之桂,实大如栗,得而食之,后天而老。别说云∶谨按诸家所
说桂之异同,几不可用考。今交、广商人所贩,及医家见用,唯陈藏器一说最近。然筒浓实,
气味重者,宜入治脏及下焦药;轻薄者,宜入治头目发散药。故《本经》以菌桂养精神,以
牡桂利关节,仲景《伤寒论》发汗用桂枝,桂枝者枝条,非身干也。取真轻薄而能发散。今
又有一种柳桂,及桂之嫩小枝条也。尤宜入治上焦药用也。
气味辛,性温,无毒。主治各种疾病,滋养精神,调和面色,作为诸药的先导和通使。长期服用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老,面部产生光泽,容貌美好常如童子一般。生长在交址、桂林山谷岩石悬崖之间,没有骨头,形状正圆如同竹子。立秋时节采收。陶隐居说:交址属于交州,桂林属于广州,而《蜀都赋》中说:菌桂生长在山崖边。世俗中见不到正圆如竹的,只有嫩枝被剖开卷成圆形,仍然依据桂树来使用,并非真正的菌桂。《仙经》中有使用菌桂的记载,说三层卷曲的是上品,这说明不是现在的桂树了,必定是另一种事物,应该进一步研究探访。唐本注说:菌,是竹子的名称。古方中使用筒桂的就是这个,所以说三层卷曲的是上品。其筒桂也有二、三层卷曲的,叶子像柿树叶,中间有三道纹路,肌理紧密轻薄如同竹子。大枝、小枝的皮都是菌桂。但是大枝的皮不能重重卷曲,味道极其淡薄,不进入药用。现在只出产于韶州。禹锡等人谨慎地按蜀本图经说:叶子像柿树叶但尖狭光洁干净,花白色蕊黄色,四月开花,五月结果。树皮青黄色,薄卷若筒状,也叫做筒桂。浓硬味道薄的叫做板桂。也不进入药用。三月、七月采收树皮,晒干。
图经在文具桂条下详细记载。
《列仙传》记载范蠡喜欢吃桂,喝水寻找药物,世人世代都见到他。又说:桂父,是象林人,经常服用桂皮、叶,用龟脑混合服用。韩终采药诗中写到暗河之桂,果实大如栗子,得到并吃下它,比天还老(即长寿)。别说云:谨慎地按照各家所说的桂的异同,几乎不可考证。现在交州、广州商人所贩卖,以及医家现使用的,只有陈藏器的一种说法最接近真实。然而筒状厚实,气味浓郁的,适宜进入治疗脏腑及下焦的药物;轻薄者,适宜进入治疗头目发散的药物。所以《本经》说菌桂滋养精神,牡桂利于关节,张仲景《伤寒论》发汗用桂枝,桂枝是指枝条,不是树干。选取真正轻薄且能发散的。现在又有一种柳桂,以及桂树的嫩小枝条。尤其适宜进入治疗上焦的药物。
Flavor: pungent; Nature: warm; Toxicity: non-toxic. It treats various diseases, nourishes the spirit (Shen), harmonizes complexion, and serves as a pioneer and messenger among various herbs. Long-term consumption lightens the body, delays aging, imparts luster to the face, and maintains a youthful appearance like that of a child. It grows in the valleys, rocks, and cliffs of Jiaozhi and Guilin, is boneless, and is perfectly round like bamboo. Harvested at Start of Autumn. Tao Hongjing stated: Jiaozhi belongs to Jiaozhou, and Guilin belongs to Guangzhou, yet the "Shu Du Fu" states: "Jun Gui grows on cliffs." In common practice, one does not see those perfectly round like bamboo; only tender branches are split and rolled into circles, still used based on Cinnamon Twig, which is not true Jun Gui. The "Immortal Classics" mention using Jun Gui, stating that those with three layers are superior, indicating it is not the current Cinnamon Twig, but likely a different substance, requiring further investigation. The Tang Ben Zhu notes: "Jun" is a name for bamboo. The Tong Gui (Tube Cinnamon) used in ancient prescriptions corresponds to this, hence "three layers are superior." Its Tong Gui also has two or three layers of rolling leaves resembling persimmon leaves, with three central veins, and texture tight and thin like bamboo. The bark of both large and small branches is Jun Gui. However, the bark of large branches cannot roll heavily, tastes extremely bland, and is not used medicinally. Currently, it is only produced in Shaozhou. Yu Xi et al. carefully noted according to the Shu Ben Tu Jing: Leaves resemble persimmon leaves but are sharper, narrower, and glossy; flowers are white with yellow stamens, blooming in April, bearing fruit in May. Bark is greenish-yellow, thin and rolled like a tube, also named Tong Gui. Those that are thick, hard, and blandly flavored are called Ban Gui (Board Cinnamon). They are also not used medicinally. Harvested in March and July, dried in the sun.
The Tu Jing details are under the entry for Wen Gui.
The "Lie Xian Zhuan" records that Fan Li enjoyed eating Cinnamon, drank water, sought medicines, and was seen by generations of people. It also says: Gui Fu, a person from Xianglin, frequently consumed Cinnamon bark and leaves mixed with turtle brain. Han Zhong's poem on herb gathering mentions "Cinnamon of the Dark River," whose fruits were as large as chestnuts; obtaining and eating them granted longevity beyond heaven. Bie Shuo states: Carefully examining the various accounts regarding the similarities and differences of Cinnamon, it is nearly impossible to verify. Currently, what merchants from Jiaozhi and Guangzhou sell, and what physicians use, aligns most closely with Chen Cangqi's description. However, those that are thick-walled and strong in aroma/flavor are suitable for formulas treating Zang-Fu organs and the Lower Jiao; those that are thin and light are suitable for formulas dispersing pathogenic factors from the head and eyes. Thus, the "Ben Jing" states Jun Gui nourishes the spirit, while Mu Gui benefits joints. Zhang Zhongjing's "Shanghan Lun" uses Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) for inducing sweating; Guizhi refers to branches, not the trunk. One selects true, thin, and light material capable of dispersion. Now, there is another type called Liu Gui (Willow Cinnamon), which refers to the tender, small branches of Cinnamon. These are especially suitable for formulas treating the Upper Jiao.